With a great deal of polar warming going on (more so
than lower latitudes) it would be the opinion of many that GISS is more accurate overall if you want to look at the whole surface of the planet.
Someone is bound to complain that I've deleted the Arctic data from the GISS LOTI data and that the Arctic is warming much faster
than lower latitudes.
and there's a lot of basic physics that stem from simple principles (e.g., precipitation is more depleted than the water from which it evaporated, the high latitudes are more depleted
than lower latitudes, etc).
Perhaps part of the reason why the poles warm more strongly
than the lower latitudes (in addition to reduced sea - ice) may be an increase in storm activity along the storm tracks?
Any alternative explanation must support the fact that nights are warming faster than days, winters faster than summers, and the arctic warming faster
than lower latitudes.
And none that would cause the arctic to warm faster
than lower latitudes, nights faster than days, and winters faster than summers.
Further affirmation of the reality of the warming is its spatial distribution, which has largest values at locations remote from any local human influence, with a global pattern consistent with that expected for response to global climate forcings (larger in the Northern Hemisphere than the Southern Hemisphere, larger at high latitudes
than low latitudes, larger over land than over ocean).
Not exact matches
The air pressure atop Mount McKinley is
lower than is found at the same elevation on other high mountains in temperate
latitudes.
With adolescents less likely to spend time outdoors
than younger children, they experience less exposure to the sun, which is how we naturally obtain vitamin D.
Low vitamin D levels are also a problem at northern
latitudes during the winter months when the sun is not sufficient for us to make vitamin D within our bodies, so dietary intakes become more important.
Epidemiologists at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine report that persons residing at higher
latitudes, with
lower sunlight / ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure and greater prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, are at least two times at greater risk of developing leukemia
than equatorial populations.
It also revealed that treeshrews invert Bergmann's rule: individuals from
lower latitudes tended to be larger
than those located at higher
latitudes.
Bergmann's rule holds that populations of a species in colder climates — generally located at higher
latitudes — have larger body sizes
than populations in warmer climates, which are usually at
lower latitudes.
To date, research focusing on the connection between these two threats has primarily focused on the idea that species from
lower latitudes, which typically experience warmer temperatures
than those in higher latitude ecosystems, will perform better at higher
latitudes as temperatures warm.
An analysis of more
than six decades of daily temperature and snowfall data linked warmer arctic temperatures to cold snaps at
lower latitudes.
But a new analysis of more
than six decades of daily temperature and snowfall data by Cohen and his team suggests arctic heat waves may actually be linked to severe cold weather at
lower latitudes... perhaps through the polar vortex.
«Interactions between herbivores and native plants were much stronger
than interactions between herbivores and invasive plants at
lower latitudes, making the southern region more susceptible to invasive species,» Cronin said.
«This means that the invasive plants suffer less herbivory at
lower latitudes than the native plants, giving the invasive Phragmites a greater opportunity to invade.
«These chemicals enter the atmosphere at
lower latitudes where they were used, and are then deposited down from the cold polar air, so Arctic animals are more highly exposed
than animals in more temperate or equatorial regions,» University of Florida researcher Margaret James (who wasn't involved in the study) told New Scientist.
The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the
lower latitudes, and scientists report sea ice across the Nares Strait just collapsed two months earlier
than normal.
Hansen does show support for our statements that the recent warming experienced in the Midwest is much more likely to occur in winter
than summer due to «the huge difference of temperature between
low latitudes and high
latitudes in winter.
Temperatures are rising faster in the Arctic
than at
lower latitudes — known as Arctic amplification.
«The roles that temperature and humidity play is different in the Arctic, where the air is colder and drier
than at
lower latitudes,» he said.
Vigorous convective mixing in the deep tropics also dilutes changes in near - surface CO2 much more
than at higher
latitudes, so
low - altitude sampling contains relatively less information about carbon sources and sinks.
RSS has trouble in the
lower latitudes, the Arctic Upper air warmed a great deal because also there was more ozone, a trace gas much more a trace
than CO2.
If these ionisation cascades get to the «weather layer», wouldn't the poles be cloudier on average
than expected, cf. at
lower latitudes (and accounting for water vapour differences between the two extremes)?
The obvious answer (from someone who is indeed receptive to arguments for
lower -
than - consensus climate sensitivities) is that it was on a par with recent hot years because temperatures at US
latitudes of the globe really weren't as much cooler in the 1930s / 1940s (compared to the present)
than GISS / Hadley's best estimates (from often sketchy global coverage) suggest.
An important point is that the temperature difference between
lower latitudes and the Arctic (at least for land based) is smaller now
than in the 1930 - 1940's.
Moreover, the seasonal, regional, and atmospheric patterns of rising temperatures — greater warming in winters
than summers, greater warming at high
latitudes than near the equator, and a cooling in the stratosphere while the
lower atmosphere is warmer — jibe with what computer models predict should happen with greenhouse heating.
But as I understand the IPCC claims, the postulated future GH warming is supposed to occur primarily at higher
latitudes, rather
than in the warmer regions today, so it appears to me that this would present a «win - win» situation:
lower heating costs, fewer cold weather deaths, increased high latitide crop yields, etc. while presenting no new problems for the warmer regions.
A prominent (in the media, anyway) research study last year by Rutgers's Jennifer Francis and University of Wisconsin's Stephen Vavrus suggests that the declining temperature difference between the Arctic and the
lower latitudes (adding greenhouse gases into the atmosphere warms colder, drier regions more so
than warmer, wetter ones — with the notable exception of Antarctica) has led to changes in the jet stream which result in slower moving, and potentially stronger East Coast winter storm systems.
Meaning one get an effect similar to the higher troposphere one gets on Earth with the tropics: «At
latitudes above 60, the tropopause is less
than 9 -10 km above sea level; the
lowest is less
than 8 km high, above Antarctica and above Siberia and northern Canada in winter.
The comprehensive survey found the sites that lost pikas were on average drier and warmer and at
lower latitudes than sites where the animals remain, said Erik Beever, a U.S. Geological Survey biologist based in Corvallis, Ore., and the study's lead author.
And, given the fact that the amount of kinetic energy needed to raise temps by 1C in the Arctic is far less
than needed to raise by 1c at
lower latitudes, is not the cooling far more significant
than the warming?
«The potential for harm in
lower latitudes may actually be worse
than at the poles,» she said.
Differences in extreme precipitation estimates are greater for arid regions
than humid regions, and for
lower latitudes than higher
latitudes.
The intensification of the Northern Hemisphere circulation is reflected in the positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation (AO), associated with higher -
than - normal surface pressure south of about 508 N and
lower -
than - normal surface pressure over the high northern
latitudes.
The ice that was at higher
latitudes contributes less angular momentum
than the water that is now at
lower latitudes.
To do so, you'd need a study such as mine which shows water vapour cools and more moist regions have
lower mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures
than drier regions at similar
latitudes and altitudes.
Latitudinally, it has been found that much more solar radiation is absorbed at
low latitudes than at high
latitudes.
Southern hemisphere has much smaller continental areas
than the Northern hemisphere and excluding Antarctic they are at
lower latitudes.
Such warm Arctic temperatures reflect recent findings in the 2016 State of the Environment, the annual summary of the global climate, from the American Meteorological Society, released Aug. 11, that says the Arctic is «is warming at more
than twice the rate of
lower latitudes.»
Warming forced by CO2 (as opposed to natural internal variability) will have the following characteristics: — More warming at night
than during the day — More warming in winter
than in summer — More warming at high
latitudes than at
low latitudes.
TLM (08:20:22) Warming forced by CO2 (as opposed to natural internal variability) will have the following characteristics: — More warming at night
than during the day — More warming in winter
than in summer — More warming at high
latitudes than at
low latitudes.
For one, he said, recent storms have tracked more toward the North Pole through the Greenland Sea, drawing heat directly north from
lower latitudes, rather
than through a more circuitous route over the Barents Sea.
During the winter season, the polar front is generally located at
lower latitudes and is more pronounced
than in the summer.
Although there is less warming at
low latitudes than at high northern
latitudes, there is also less internal variability at
low latitudes, which results in a greater separation of the climate simulations with and without anthropogenic forcings.
The fact that the actual measured planetary warming is less
than the
lowest IPCC model prediction warming and is found only at high
latitudes (which is not predicted by the IPCC models) logically supports the assertion that the planet's response to a change in forcing is to resist the change (negative feedback, planetary clouds in the tropics increase reflecting more sunlight in to space) rather
than to amplify the change (positive feedback) due increased water vapour in the atmosphere.
In the auroral zone, which is generally under continuous and much stronger geomagnetic / magnetospheric activity control
than low and middle
latitudes, the trends seem to be still under dominant geomagnetic control as suggested by the foE trends as observed at auroral station Tromso (Hall et al. 2011).
Furthermore, it can be seen that due to the
lower incidence angle of the solar radiation at
lower latitudes, TEC at 35 ° N is principally higher
than TEC at 65 ° N. Differences between both
latitudes are always positive at day - time and reach up to 20 TECU while following the solar cycle dynamics.
The simulated three - dimensional spatial pattern of the temperature changes induced by increasing concentrations of a well - mixed greenhouse gas, such as carbon dioxide, is complicated and varies from model to model, but one common aspect is the tendency for the
lower to mid-troposphere to warm more rapidly
than the surface, except over high
latitudes.