If not,
then hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will probably be available.
Not exact matches
The
hydrogen is
then transported to a
hydrogen fueling station, he added.
Maybe algae will scale up from a few thousand gallons a month to billions of gallons a day, or solar energy can be converted to
hydrogen, which will
then power the planet's 600 million vehicles via
fuel cells; but the market has no way to price the possibility than essential resources will enter permanent depletion declines and that no cheap, scalable substitute exists.
Fuel cells produce
hydrogen, store it and
then convert it into electricity.
Instead of heating a fossil
fuel, his technique, called solid state ammonia synthesis, works by drawing
hydrogen out of water vapour through a charged membrane, and
then reacting it with nitrogen.
The device uses solar electricity from a photovoltaic panel to power the chemistry that splits water into oxygen and
hydrogen,
then adds pre-starved microbes to feed on the
hydrogen and convert CO2 in the air into alcohol
fuels.
The exciting implication is that next - generation wastewater treatment plants could use new technologies, including microbe - powered
fuel cells, to capture enough methane,
hydrogen, and other
fuels from wastewater to generate all the energy they need, and
then some.
Electricity from renewable sources such as solar and wind power, which can be intermittent and unreliable, could
then be easily stored and distributed as
hydrogen fuel.
That could
then lead to even more
fueling stations that can accept
hydrogen and support the continued growth of the
fuel - cell electric vehicle market.»
The study shows that public attention has jumped from one alternative
fuel to the next in continuous waves: first with methanol, natural gas and plug - in electric vehicles in the late 1980s and early 1990s,
then to hybrid electric vehicles,
hydrogen, and biofuels in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Heat from uncovered
fuel could ignite the zirconium cladding, and the super-heated metal could
then oxidize steam, releasing
hydrogen and oxygen.
Rechargeable batteries are too heavy for the job, so engineers are planning to try a technology that would use current to separate water into oxygen and
hydrogen during the day, and
then reverse the process at night via
fuel cells to produce electricity.
Lord envisions that excess
hydrogen produced throughout the year could be brought to geologic storage sites and
then piped to cities during the summer, when the demand for driving
fuels peaks.
It describes chaos and conflict between top officials of TEPCO and the emergency staff formed by
then - prime minister Naoto Kan in the most critical phase of the crisis, while workers were battling to control a buildup of explosive
hydrogen inside three reactor vessels whose
fuel cores had become exposed.
Hydrogen Hydrogen - based energy storage looks great on paper: Use electricity to split hydrogen out of water, then convert the hydrogen back into electricity in a fuel cell when
Hydrogen Hydrogen - based energy storage looks great on paper: Use electricity to split hydrogen out of water, then convert the hydrogen back into electricity in a fuel cell when
Hydrogen - based energy storage looks great on paper: Use electricity to split
hydrogen out of water, then convert the hydrogen back into electricity in a fuel cell when
hydrogen out of water,
then convert the
hydrogen back into electricity in a fuel cell when
hydrogen back into electricity in a
fuel cell when needed.
A leaf makes twice as much
hydrogen as it does oxygen, and
then it stores the result as a solid
fuel.
The
hydrogen can
then be converted into hydrocarbon
fuels or simple
hydrogen gas.
The next step is to test the new catalyst in devices incorporating electrodes and other components for converting the protons and electrons to
hydrogen fuel — and
then later, with light - absorbing compounds to provide energy to drive the whole reaction.
The production method involves processing biogas to deliver renewable
hydrogen and
then incorporating the renewable
hydrogen into conventional liquid
fuels via selected refinery... Read more →
One of the most promising ideas for storing renewable energy is to use the excess electricity generated from renewables to split water into oxygen and
hydrogen; the
hydrogen can
then be fed into
fuel - cell vehicles.
Molecular Tank: Researchers and engineers are trying to create a
hydrogen fuel system that stores
hydrogen safely and discharges
hydrogen easily, which can
then be used in
fuel cells or other applications.
Currently, fertilizer is made using natural gas (steam reforming of methane to generate
hydrogen to feed into the Haber process)-- but with the new advances (http://www.greencarcongress.com/2008/07/researchers-at.html), it should be possible to generate that
hydrogen directly from water using sunlight; feed the
hydrogen into the Haber process (energy expensive, true, but doable), and
then you have your ammonia, convert half of that to nitrate, and there you have your ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which currently accounts for about 1/2 of all agricultral fossil
fuel use.
If you can make them use the water environment as
fuel to catalyze a chemical reaction,
then can you make a version that functions to break up water to
hydrogen and oxygen for green energy generation without having to add the required energy directly?
A
fuel cell takes
hydrogen and oxidizes it to create an electrical charge, which is
then channeled into a battery and used by electric motors.
Using
hydrogen fuel cell technology, the Mirai converts
hydrogen to electricity, which is
then used to power an electric motor.
Another of his prize - winning exhibits, Tabernas Desert Run, involved him making an improvised
hydrogen -
fuelled bicycle, riding across the Spanish desert on it and
then painting a botanical watercolour of a cactus using the bicycle's only waste product: water.
If this is a bad assumption,
then his conclusions concerning cars and airplanes, in particular, fall down — the energy won't be available to create the
hydrogen fuel cells he is depending on, nor the
hydrogen for a massive air network.
The water is first electrolyzed to produce
hydrogen, and
then the CO2 and
hydrogen are combined in a
fuel reactor to produce gas using the company's process.
So, if you could create liquid hydrocarbons that are compatible with gasoline cars,
then the adoption cycle would be a lot easier than switching over to electric or
hydrogen or some other type of
fuel for cars.
Currently, fertilizer is made using natural gas (steam reforming of methane to generate
hydrogen to feed into the Haber process)-- but with the new advances (/ / www.greencarcongress.com/2008/07/researchers-at.html), it should be possible to generate that
hydrogen directly from water using sunlight; feed the
hydrogen into the Haber process (energy expensive, true, but doable), and
then you have your ammonia, convert half of that to nitrate, and there you have your ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which currently accounts for about 1/2 of all agricultral fossil
fuel use.
It
then runs the
hydrogen through a
fuel cell to make electric current.
Hydrogen is not so much a
fuel as a form of storage, holding energy generated by electricity and
then releasing it without producing carbon dioxide, the gas thought to be responsible for half of global warming.
The
hydrogen could
then be reused to generate electricity when needed, injected into the heating system or used as low - emission
fuel for
hydrogen fuel - cell cars.
The
fuel cell needs to have a converter built into the car that can convert gas to
hydrogen from gas or water,
then it is used in the
fuel cell to create the energy to power the car.
«The Holy Grail of solar research is to use sunlight efficiently and directly to «split» water into its elemental constituents -
hydrogen and oxygen - and
then use the
hydrogen as a clean
fuel,» said Gray.
(One zero - carbon possibility is «synthetic gas,» which uses electricity to split
hydrogen from water and
then mixes it with carbon dioxide to form substitute hydrocarbon
fuels.
Fossil
Fuel is a generic term that isn't quite correct Natural Gasoline is a distilled derivative of oil but almost all ofit is manufactured from cracked and recombined oil derivativeswhile natural gasoline is further refined intoPropane, butane, Proproline (a plastics feed stock), and Natural gasand also separates out sulfur (for fertilizer and explosives) Gasoline can be made from coal («Coaline») or from organic matter («Bio-fuel») but uses a few of oil based feed stocks instead tomake «Sythiline» (artificial gasoline) This gasoline is actually cleaner burning then natural gas with allit's «flare offs» (butane, propane, propoline, sulfur) used in theearly 19th century because it is manufactured only with essentialHydrocarbons Diesel fuel is also becoming more and more Manufactured instead ofdistilled as demand for it rises but improvements in Hydro cleaningis allowing for diesel with no volatile chemicals like sulfur andmercury (taken out for petro - chemical feedstock to make fertilizerand thermometers) In both cases what you have is pure hydro - carbons, a carbon atomwith hydrogen atoms attached to it In the case of gasoline there is CH1, cH7, CH11 When in a combustion engine the gasoline is sprayed into the pistonafter being mixed with air and the drive of the engine compressesthe the chamber filled with the gasoline mist until it's full downstoke then the spark plug causes the Exothermic reaction... which isthe conversion of the potential energy in the gasoline mist to heatand force, with the force side of that equation shooting the pistonupward and the top of the stroke kicking what's left of thecaramelized gasoline mist out into the Emission control box If the Emulsion control box wasn't there to filter out the burntgasoline particles, any potential additives and volatile chemicalsthen the caramelized gunk hitting air would create CARBON MONOXIDEin the cooler then the heat of the engine difference CARBON MONOXIDE can also become a problem if the Emissions controlBox filter, air filters or muffler filters is worn or dama
Fuel is a generic term that isn't quite correct Natural Gasoline is a distilled derivative of oil but almost all ofit is manufactured from cracked and recombined oil derivativeswhile natural gasoline is further refined intoPropane, butane, Proproline (a plastics feed stock), and Natural gasand also separates out sulfur (for fertilizer and explosives) Gasoline can be made from coal («Coaline») or from organic matter («Bio-
fuel») but uses a few of oil based feed stocks instead tomake «Sythiline» (artificial gasoline) This gasoline is actually cleaner burning then natural gas with allit's «flare offs» (butane, propane, propoline, sulfur) used in theearly 19th century because it is manufactured only with essentialHydrocarbons Diesel fuel is also becoming more and more Manufactured instead ofdistilled as demand for it rises but improvements in Hydro cleaningis allowing for diesel with no volatile chemicals like sulfur andmercury (taken out for petro - chemical feedstock to make fertilizerand thermometers) In both cases what you have is pure hydro - carbons, a carbon atomwith hydrogen atoms attached to it In the case of gasoline there is CH1, cH7, CH11 When in a combustion engine the gasoline is sprayed into the pistonafter being mixed with air and the drive of the engine compressesthe the chamber filled with the gasoline mist until it's full downstoke then the spark plug causes the Exothermic reaction... which isthe conversion of the potential energy in the gasoline mist to heatand force, with the force side of that equation shooting the pistonupward and the top of the stroke kicking what's left of thecaramelized gasoline mist out into the Emission control box If the Emulsion control box wasn't there to filter out the burntgasoline particles, any potential additives and volatile chemicalsthen the caramelized gunk hitting air would create CARBON MONOXIDEin the cooler then the heat of the engine difference CARBON MONOXIDE can also become a problem if the Emissions controlBox filter, air filters or muffler filters is worn or dama
fuel») but uses a few of oil based feed stocks instead tomake «Sythiline» (artificial gasoline) This gasoline is actually cleaner burning
then natural gas with allit's «flare offs» (butane, propane, propoline, sulfur) used in theearly 19th century because it is manufactured only with essentialHydrocarbons Diesel
fuel is also becoming more and more Manufactured instead ofdistilled as demand for it rises but improvements in Hydro cleaningis allowing for diesel with no volatile chemicals like sulfur andmercury (taken out for petro - chemical feedstock to make fertilizerand thermometers) In both cases what you have is pure hydro - carbons, a carbon atomwith hydrogen atoms attached to it In the case of gasoline there is CH1, cH7, CH11 When in a combustion engine the gasoline is sprayed into the pistonafter being mixed with air and the drive of the engine compressesthe the chamber filled with the gasoline mist until it's full downstoke then the spark plug causes the Exothermic reaction... which isthe conversion of the potential energy in the gasoline mist to heatand force, with the force side of that equation shooting the pistonupward and the top of the stroke kicking what's left of thecaramelized gasoline mist out into the Emission control box If the Emulsion control box wasn't there to filter out the burntgasoline particles, any potential additives and volatile chemicalsthen the caramelized gunk hitting air would create CARBON MONOXIDEin the cooler then the heat of the engine difference CARBON MONOXIDE can also become a problem if the Emissions controlBox filter, air filters or muffler filters is worn or dama
fuel is also becoming more and more Manufactured instead ofdistilled as demand for it rises but improvements in Hydro cleaningis allowing for diesel with no volatile chemicals like sulfur andmercury (taken out for petro - chemical feedstock to make fertilizerand thermometers) In both cases what you have is pure hydro - carbons, a carbon atomwith
hydrogen atoms attached to it In the case of gasoline there is CH1, cH7, CH11 When in a combustion engine the gasoline is sprayed into the pistonafter being mixed with air and the drive of the engine compressesthe the chamber filled with the gasoline mist until it's full downstoke
then the spark plug causes the Exothermic reaction... which isthe conversion of the potential energy in the gasoline mist to heatand force, with the force side of that equation shooting the pistonupward and the top of the stroke kicking what's left of thecaramelized gasoline mist out into the Emission control box If the Emulsion control box wasn't there to filter out the burntgasoline particles, any potential additives and volatile chemicalsthen the caramelized gunk hitting air would create CARBON MONOXIDEin the cooler
then the heat of the engine difference CARBON MONOXIDE can also become a problem if the Emissions controlBox filter, air filters or muffler filters is worn or damaged.
Although radiation leakage has been reported, the reactor core containment is said still to be intact, But if the cooling operation is not successful
then there is a risk that, aside from the (hopefully low) possibility of a explosion as at Chernobyl, or a
hydrogen explosion (as was feared at one time at Three Mile Island in the USA), melting
fuel could burn through the core and the floor of the reactor building and enter the soil, a risk that would be heightened if the floor structure was cracked by the earthquake.
Among the biggest advantages of the electric drive train is diversification of the power source, you can
then use the electric grid, a very efficient ICE that only runs at a specific RPM and load to run a generator for additional range, a
hydrogen or methanol
fuel cell, or a Mr. Fusion, it really doesn't matter.
Exciting new technologies are assisting with this transition: some convert fast growing grasses to ethanol using biochemistry, some convert waste into gases (a mix of
hydrogen and carbon monoxide called synthesis gas) that are
then converted into ethanol, and others use algae or other microorganisms to make
fuel directly from water or sunlight.
That
hydrogen could
then be stored and used later to generate electricity (via
fuel cell or combustion turbine) when the power is most needed, thereby smoothing out the variability of wind.
The
hydrogen is storage in low pressure tanks and
then with the uses of a
fuel cell generates electricity and heat supplying the public energy grids.
The same article reports that Apple will use
hydrogen from natural gas coming from Piedmont Natural Gas in the
fuel cells and
then, to offset that natural gas use, it will produce landfill methane gas or some other biogas.
Then you can use it in
fuel cells in your own home to create the electricity you need on demand or
fuel your
hydrogen powered car with it... no more grid losses... no more black outs... no more gas stations... no more oil imports.
If the oil companies don't get the
hydrogen fueling stations built because they want to keep us addicted to oil,
then companies like Wal Mart and car dealerships will start building
hydrogen stations.
The solid oxide
fuel cell under the coals
then converts carbon and
hydrogen into electricity, and is described as a sort of reverse photosynthesis:
The bionic leaf is able to split water molecules into
hydrogen and oxygen and
then with the help of
hydrogen - loving bacteria, produce liquid
fuels and potentially many other products.
The coal would be converted into a gas and
then into
hydrogen, for potential use in powering
fuel cells.
Under home
hydrogen it was suggested that water could be broken up into water
hydrogen and oxygen in a home - scale plant when power was cheap and plentiful and these could
then be recombined in a
fuel - cell with regeneration of electricity as required.
As for solutions if CO2 is a big problem: I think we should just replace coal - fired power stations with nuclear, and
then shift terrestrial transportation first to natural gas and
then hydrogen, leaving the fossil
fuels for air - travel.