It's a particularly fitting question for a Reformed
theologian as our tradition is one that relishes in God's sovereignty — all things are under God's authority.
Not exact matches
The theological obtuseness of the Roman court
theologians (Cajetan partly excepted), the inability or unwillingness of the Roman authorities to appropriate their own best ecclesiological
traditions, and the unlovely influence of financial politics on the handling of the doctrinal issues all played a considerable role,
as did Luther's impatience and anger, his inability to take stupid and inappropriate papal teaching at all calmly (perhaps because his own early view of the papal office was unrealistically high),
as well
as his tendency to dramatize his own situation in apocalyptic terms.
Generous orthodoxy also means that one embodies biblical virtues
as a
theologian and
as a biblical scholar
as one encounters those who come from other
traditions.
From our analysis here, post-conservative
theologians and popular expressions of such in some emergent - type movements, insofar
as these still place priority on the experience of the individual and in the present over
traditions, are still liberal.
The
theologian must take the Catholic
tradition that has resulted from the guidance of the Spirit
as his authoritative guide.
If you are a
theologian of the Catholic, Lutheran, or Holiness
tradition, you can wrap your head around the practicalities of the «Inner Light» by thinking of it
as «prevenient grace».
(To obviate all misunderstanding, I must explain that I am using this term in the sense frequently given it by Anglo - Saxon
theologians, who see «radicalism»
as rooted in the
tradition (Bishop Robinson, the death - of - God
theologians).
In a combative interview with the BBC, Patten described Benedict
as «the greatest intellectual to be pope since Innocent III,» a «world class
theologian,» who had a «really important message about the Christian roots of civilization in this country, and in Europe, and the way in which we can become more self - confident in asserting those Christian
traditions.»
This is also seen in the difference between those who see Jesus
as in some way embodying a universal principle,
as is the case of
theologians in the
tradition of Schleiermacher, and those, like the great Swiss
theologian Karl Barth, who stressed that humans can in no way sit in judgment on God's revelation.
It was in this spirit of mediating
tradition with the challenges of the twentieth century that the forty - two - year - old Dubois, recognized
as a gifted
theologian and scholar of Thomas Aquinas, was tasked by his superiors with strengthening the Catholic presence in Israel.
But, like pacifism itself, this absolutist interpretation of the right to life found no echo at the time among Catholic
theologians, who accepted the death penalty
as consonant with Scripture,
tradition, and the natural law.
I personally identify
as a
theologian and minister in the Reformed
tradition and usually not just a Calvinist (though I do love much of Calvin).
Born in 1837, Abraham Kuyper was a major intellectual figure in the Dutch Calvinist
tradition for many years before his death in 1929: a
theologian, pastor, newspaper editor, and statesman who founded the Free University of Amsterdam and served
as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1901 - 1905.
Furthermore, despite the emphasis by such
theologians as Augustine, Calvin, Jonathan Edwards, and Reinhold Niebuhr (with whom Schlesinger enjoyed a personal association) on the need to distinguish between divine and human authority, it is a gross distortion of all of their views for Schlesinger to impute to them the kind of relativism which makes the existence of God and the reality of revelation (the basis of all western religious
traditions) so utterly irrelevant for public life.
In the latter regard, H. Paul Santmire whose study of the history of Western attitudes toward nature is one of the best available, provides perspective when he writes: «The theological
tradition of the West is neither ecologically bankrupt,
as some of its popular and scholarly critics have maintained and
as numbers of its own
theologians have assumed, nor replete with immediately accessible, albeit long - forgotten ecological riches hidden everywhere in its deeper vaults,
as some contemporary Christians, who are profoundly troubled by the environmental crises and other related concerns, might wistfully hope to find» (Santmire, 5).
And my impression (
as a nontheologian venturing beyond his competence and willing to be corrected) is that, despite ample encouragements from
theologians in the liberal and neo-orthodox
traditions, what we are calling liberal Protestantism has not exploited those resources within its own
tradition that justify or even demand a positive theology on this point.
But those tasks can be classified broadly into two groups: those in which
theologians want to regard themselves
as doing something special and unique and those in which they wish to affirm community with other religious
traditions.
The feminist
theologian approaching this question faces an additional dilemma insofar
as the religious narrative of the Western introspective confessional
tradition grounds identity in culturally «feminine» terms.
Any attempt to break loose from the path set out by Schleiermacher and to find a way in which to make the transcendent God our subject, rather than some aspect of ourselves, could be called an apophantic theology, standing
as it does in that
tradition of paradox or dialectic that marked the Cappadocian
theologians and has always been a part of the theological
tradition.
But
as an introduction to the Great
Tradition, the sort of thinkers who (in all cases except perhaps Schleiermacher) adhere to the sort of «mere orthodoxy» we are fans of around here, The Great
Theologians is the best of its kind.
My interest in Barth
as moral
theologian suggests to me that his interpretation of the Reformed
tradition (
as equally concerned with God's glory and the free action of creatures) was deeply important in his theological growth.
If he is arguing
as a systematic
theologian, with a sense of both Scripture and
tradition, he should have no doubt that the reality and the essential importance of Eucharistic presence is central to Christianity even though each and every Christian might not agree.
They usually are content to demythologize it.11 Here again, if one makes the opposite judgment
as a systematic
theologian, based in Scripture and
tradition, that belief in the resurrection of Jesus is not only necessary to Christian faith, but one of its most distinctive and important elements, one may find it possible to express that belief in Whitehead's understanding of the person.
Under these circumstances
theologians and philosophers of the western cultural
tradition leaned more and more on the doctrine of an immortal soul
as an expression of the Christian hope.
In seeking to develop a theology of nature, process
theologians are supportive of endeavors to appropriate other images from the
tradition, such
as St. Francis» compassionate love for the poor and treatment of animals
as sisters and brothers, the Orthodox view of the church
as inclusive of all of creation, and the use of the elements of bread and wine in the Eucharist, products of the interworkings between God, the non-human natural world, and human labor, that speak, to contemporary needs.
Her concern to sustain certain benefits of Christian belief without preserving the foundational commitments of that belief links Murdoch to that great
tradition of Romantic
theologians and poets — figures such
as Friedrich Schleiermacher, William Blake and Ralph Waldo Emerson.
Utilizing various
theologians,
as well
as other
traditions, Trotter presents a strong case for hope
as a critical aspect of Christian faith which has too often been relegated to obscurity or simply neglected.
Only in a
tradition where adults continue to refer to the family life of individual church members
as «the Christian home» would pastors, educators, and
theologians have continued to believe for so long that parents are more important than the church is to the faith of children.
We must hold them in mind
as background to the main task, which is to explore the interaction of
theologians and human scientists
as they seek to formulate a new concept of civil society which can draw
traditioned communities and other human associations into a larger covenantal bond.
«For neo-scholasticism, everything found its place in the «system», but Ratzinger was instinctively aware that truth is more than any system of thought could encompass -LSB-...] His methodology is to take
as his starting point contemporary developments in society and culture, then he listens to the solutions offered my his fellow
theologians before returning to a critical examination of Scripture and
Tradition for pointers to a solution.
The point is that he does not need modern philosophy to establish his epistemology; he finds it already in Scripture and in his
tradition as a Reformed
theologian.
In general, this is a concern much more of process
theologians, that is, of Christians influenced by Whitehead, than of the followers of Whitehead in other fields, such
as philosophy, who may not be shaped by the biblical
tradition.
Though
as a Protestant
theologian, he was naturally inclined to give Catholic progressives the benefit of the doubt, Lindbeck nonetheless found himself appalled by the extent to which the progressives «appealed to the Council to justify their own loss of faith, their mindless capitulation to modernitas, their devious and unacknowledged departures from what is essential, not only to the Roman
tradition, but to Christianity itself.»
It is difficult to see how Whitehead's own understanding of God is in any positive way in continuity with any metaphysical
tradition, and
as to its symbolic meaning, Christian
theologians, other than the Whiteheadian faithful, have either been unable to understand it or have judged it to be atheistic.
Favorably quoting a
theologian who refers to the Pope
as a «liturgical pluralist,» Rocca goes on to say that Benedict is «leading his church forward in the spirit of its oldest
traditions.»
Athanasius (and the
theologians in the Nicene
tradition who followed him) sought to explain the «begottenness» of the Son in a way that avoided the sterility of Arius's Silas Marner - like God
as well
as the crass literalism derived from Greek mythology.
But the denomination does have the right to ask of the
theologian as teacher and scholar that he deepen his own response to its confessional heritage, and that he help the denomination to respond more profoundly to its
tradition.»
Although they cite the Baptist
theologian Timothy George in a way that shows his awareness of the ground - breaking work of the World Conference on Faith and Order at Montreal in 1963 on «Scripture,
Tradition, and
traditions,» Noll and Nystrom make no systematic use of his insights; they also neglect to note the phraseology of Pope John Paul II when he called for further study on «the relationship between Sacred Scripture
as the highest authority in matters of faith and Sacred
Tradition as indispensable to the interpretation of the Word of God» (Ut Unum Sint, 79)» a formulation that I think may hold the best promise of resolving the question since the sixteenth century.
The term ressourcement is often associated with a Catholic renewal movement led by
theologians such
as Henri de Lubac and Yves Congar, who sought to return «to the sources» of the Christian
tradition.
As a process
theologian I do believe that this
tradition can contribute insights to the development and enlargement of political theology.
In Wales, Rowan Williams is a poet
as well
as a
theologian who often engages with literature, Donald Allchin is in deep dialogue with poets in many
traditions, and Oliver Davies, having ranged through German, Russian and Welsh literature
as well
as Meister Eckhart, is now engaged on a major work of fundamental and systematic theology with a strong literary dimension.
As a Catholic
theologian, I find this situation abhorrent and unworthy of the richness of the Roman Catholic
traditions that have nourished me.
Process
theologians generally prefer the
tradition of John Duns Scotus, which holds that God predestined the person of Jesus
as the crowning of creation and
as the total manifestation of his love, regardless of whether man sinned.
Thus, I'm opposed to
theologians who advocate Gaia worship (which, for the uninitiated, means substituting feminist ideology for the apostolic
tradition as the touchstone of Christian orthodoxy), but I don't think there's the remotest need to worry that they'll have any influence over the future of Christianity.
These cultural codes and their corresponding
traditions are valuable resources for indicating and validating the kind of data upon which womanist
theologians can reflect
as they bring black women's social, religious, and cultural experience into the discourse of theology, ethics, biblical and religious studies.
Referencing a text by the 18th century American
theologian Jonathan Edwards, the work meditates upon an American orthodox theological
tradition which perceives the natural world
as clear evidence of the Divine and
as a series of sequential «images», each of which is pre-figured in the bible.