By resisting the colonization of
theology by philosophy or any other discourse, Barth prefigured the postmodern critique of all universalizing or «totalizing» discourses.
According to Powell, this position is best represented by Nicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (1700 - 1760), who, «in good Protestant fashion, swore abstinence from all forms of metaphysics, natural theology, and the contamination of
theology by philosophy.»
Not exact matches
By exploring themes of
philosophy and
theology in his work through the formal qualities of space, line, and color, Adams engages Christ and culture in his art.
Luther would be dismayed to learn that the option that he rejects — «the potentiality
by which he could do many things which he does not» — has become the most prevalent conception of divine power in contemporary
theology and
philosophy of religion.
After I transferred to Heidelberg to complete my studies, my inclination to combine
philosophy and
theology was greatly encouraged
by closer acquaintance with patristic thought.
But the question is one that must be faced
by any process
philosophy or
theology which sets out to use an analysis of human experience as a basis for characterizing God.
Therefore, I felt that my
philosophy and
theology should not be permitted to separate, but that within their unity it should be possible to affirm the awe - inspiring otherness of God even more uncompromisingly than Barth had done, since he returned to reasoning
by analogy.
The rudiments of the consequent Christian
philosophy,
theology, and art were already in place
by the late third century: Christians could boast of Origen, for instance, a powerful intellect
by any standard.
M.L.King Jr. further continued to develop his perspective
by putting all his interest in the study of
philosophy and
theology.
Several of the book's features are shared with other British
theology: a basic concern for intelligent orthodoxy informed
by worship; the Trinity as the encompassing doctrine, strongly connected to both church and society; a well - articulated response to modernity; a wide range of «mediations,» through various discourses and aspects of contemporary life (
philosophy, history, friendship, sex, politics, aesthetics, the visual arts and music); a special affinity for the patristic period; and a preference for the essay genre.
To walk about endlessly discussing
philosophy and
theology, like Socrates in the forum, is
by no means a bad life, but again it tends toward the purely notional assent.
Soskice, Hogan and Coakley, together with Grace Jantzen in Manchester and Pamela Sue Anderson in Newcastle, also tend to be more impressed
by French feminist
philosophy than
by American feminist
theology.
According to Noddings, history (including
philosophy,
theology, politics, societal structures) up to this point has obscured the nature of the problem of evil because all systems for dealing with it have been created, elaborated, and promoted
by and for males.
Theology is not to be distinguished from
philosophy by a lesser concern for rigor of thought!
It will be useful at the outset to distinguish two matters that the very title of this response tends confusingly to run together, viz., (1) «Hermeneutics,» in particular hermeneutics as shaped
by commitments to the conceptuality and doctrines of process
philosophy, and (2) the use of Scripture - as - interpreted in the course of doing
theology.
To continue to call the
philosophy conditioned
by revelation simply natural
theology may, however, perpetuate a confusion that is manifest even in Mascall's own thought.
He
by no means rejects the scholastic tradition of
philosophy and
theology, believing it to be the only sound basis on which to proceed, but he does present a comprehensive realignment of its details.
In more recent times, neo-classical theism (Whiteheadian process
philosophy and
theology) has reacted against the remote, transcendent, immutable and uninvolved God of classicism
by making God totally immanent as evolving Deity.
Philosophers may reach quite different conclusions, some of which do not introduce these particular tensions into the relation between
philosophy and Christian
theology.3 The modern theological discussion of natural
theology has been seriously clouded
by the failure to distinguish the formal question from the substantive one.
Thus when modern
philosophy established itself anew as a discipline autonomous from
theology, it did so naturally
by falling back upon an ever more abyssal subjectivity.
The Search for an American Public
Theology: The Contribution of John Courtney Murray
by robert w. mcelroy paulist press, 216 pages, $ 10.95 The Ethics of Discourse: The Social
Philosophy of John Courtney Murray
by j. leon hooper georgetown university press, 283 pages, $ 17.95 William Lee....
Schubert Ogden's
theology as a whole is best characterized as an attempt to correct the «one - sidedly existentialist character» of Bultmann's
theology1
by combining existentialist analysis with process
philosophy in such a way that they mutually complement each other.2 This characterization applies likewise to Ogden's treatment of Christology in particular.
We conclude this chapter
by stating the main thesis put forth
by process
philosophy which proposes nothing less than a revolution in metaphysics and
theology.
This is strikingly illustrated
by the fact that when the Renaissance initiated a revival of Platonism, some Christian scholars, known as the Cambridge Platonists, urged the return of Christian
theology to «its old loving nurse, the Platonic
philosophy».
Those theologians who are persuaded
by present discussions in analytical
philosophy will insist that even a consideration of the problem of their relevance to
theology is misguided; for this is to confuse two different areas of discourse, the scientific and the religious.
14I have not been able to interact here with the two important articles
by Joseph Bracken, SI., on process
philosophy and trinitarian
theology (PS 8/4: 217 - 30 and PS 11/2: 83 - 96).
One essay (
by Randall Morris) focuses on Hartshorne's political thought, another (
by Piotr Gutowski) on his conception of
theology, and a third essay (
by David Pailin) on his contributions to
philosophy of religion and philosophical
theology.
McCoy suggests that Whitehead, too, may have been shaped
by biblical ways of thinking: «Indeed, it is highly probable that the process
philosophies of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries emerged from contexts influenced
by the covenantal or federal tradition and thus are in part intellectual progeny of covenantal
theology and ethics» (CCE 360).
Some turn to the East, particularly to Taoism; some to Native American perspectives and other primal traditions; some to emerging feminist visions; still others to neglected themes or traditions within the Western heritage, ranging from materials in Pythagorean
philosophy to neglected themes in Plato to Leibniz or Spinoza; and still others to twentieth - century philosophers such as Heidegger or to philosophical movements such as the Deep Ecology movement.9 As one would expect in an age characterized
by a split between religion and
philosophy, few environmental philosophers turn to sources in the Bible or Christian
theology for help, though some — Robin Attfield, for example — argue that Christian history has been wrongly maligned
by environmental philosophers, and that it can serve as a better resource than some might expect (WTEE 201 - 230).
At the lowest level, such defense is accomplished
by appeal to authority or tradition; at the highest level, it is done through
philosophy — specifically, through philosophical
theology or systematic
theology.
Can you give any examples of lives that were ruined
by philosophy or
theology classes?
Earlier contributions were made
by students in widely different fields:
theology,
philosophy, philology, jurisprudence and the social sciences, and later archeology and anthropology.
Its undergraduate degree in biblical studies and
theology will instead be administered
by the department of
philosophy.
The submersion of the dialogical life
by the «once for all» of gnosis,
theology,
philosophy, and social doctrine is only a part of a larger development of civilization.
(a) Philosophical preoccupation with the various types of cultural activities on an idealistic basis (Johann Gottfried Herder, G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gustav Droysen, Hermann Steinthal, Wilhelm Wundt); (b) legal studies (Aemilius Ludwig, Richter, Rudolf Sohm, Otto Gierke); (c) philology and archeology, both stimulated
by the romantic movement of the first decades of the nineteenth century; (d) economic theory and history (Karl Marx, Lorenz von Stein, Heinrich von Treitschke, Wilhelm Roscher, Adolf Wagner, Gustav Schmoller, Ferdinand Tonnies); (e) ethnological research (Friedrich Ratzel, Adolf Bastian, Rudolf Steinmetz, Johann Jakob Bachofen, Hermann Steinthal, Richard Thurnwald, Alfred Vierkandt, P. Wilhelm Schmidt), on the one hand; and historical and systematical work in
theology (church history, canonical law — Kirchenrecht), systematic
theology (Schleiermacher, Richard Rothe), and
philosophy of religion, on the other, prepared the way during the nineteenth century for the following era to define the task of a sociology of religion and to organize the material gathered
by these pursuits.7 The names of Max Weber, Ernst Troeltsch, Werner Sombart, and Georg Simmel — all students of the above - mentioned older scholars — stand out.
As with other fields of sociological research the question has been asked if there is good enough reason to treat socioreligious phenomena separately instead of handling them in the traditional disciplines (
theology,
philosophy, anthropology, etcetera).30 Yet, as against such doubts, the work done
by modern scholarship has proved the right to an independent existence of «sociology of religion.»
He could then recognize without the present ambiguity that Christian
theology and Christian
philosophy are distinguished
by their focus on the particular and on the universal, but that no sharp line can be drawn between them.
If this becomes the exclusive endeavour of the biblical scholar then
theology has been excluded categorically and has been replaced
by an essentially secular
philosophy and world view.
An alternative to the interpretation of history as process is offered today in those Christian
theologies which have been influenced
by existential
philosophy which has its primary source in Kierkegaard.
Process
theology, on the other hand, as a development in and from the Chicago school, has been deeply informed
by the quite different
philosophy of Whitehead.
It deals with Christology and the doctrine of God, as well as prayer, the resurrection, heaven, etc. and it provides a general introduction to Whitehead's thought.128 The Task of Philosophical
Theology by C. J. Curtis, a Lutheran theologian, is a process exposition of numerous «theological notions» important to the «conservative, traditional» Christian viewpoint.129 Two very fine semi-popular introductions to process philosophy as a context for Christian theology are The Creative Advance by E. H. Peters130 and Process Thought and Christian Faith by Norman Pittenger.131 The latter, reflecting the concerns of a theologian, provides a concise introduction to the process view of God together with briefer comments on man, Christ, and «eternal life
Theology by C. J. Curtis, a Lutheran theologian, is a process exposition of numerous «theological notions» important to the «conservative, traditional» Christian viewpoint.129 Two very fine semi-popular introductions to process
philosophy as a context for Christian
theology are The Creative Advance by E. H. Peters130 and Process Thought and Christian Faith by Norman Pittenger.131 The latter, reflecting the concerns of a theologian, provides a concise introduction to the process view of God together with briefer comments on man, Christ, and «eternal life
theology are The Creative Advance
by E. H. Peters130 and Process Thought and Christian Faith
by Norman Pittenger.131 The latter, reflecting the concerns of a theologian, provides a concise introduction to the process view of God together with briefer comments on man, Christ, and «eternal life.»
Thus
philosophy was recognized, not as one academic discipline among others, distinguished
by its subject matter, but as replacing
theology as the queen of the sciences.
«6 Indeed, during the decade following publication of Whitehead's major philosophical works, a variety of theologians, both in the United States and in Great Britain, were responsive to the new views articulated
by Whitehead and made considerable use of many general features of his
philosophy in constructing their own
theologies.
When speaking of the above «correspondence» he says «the question why this has to be so is a real question, and one which has to be remanded
by the natural sciences to other modes and planes of thought - to
philosophy and
theology.»
The assumption
by theology of some philosophical perspective is simply unavoidable, regardless of what some theologians may deceive themselves into believing; therefore the most fruitful way for Christian
theology to proceed is
by recognizing its relative dependence and
by adopting the
philosophy which will be most fruitful in making Christian faith significant, meaningful and available to contemporary men.
Does it speak to the problem of my monumental ego shackled
by «religion,» «peers,» my
philosophy, my bias, my prejudice, my lack of compassion, my
theology, my hermeneutics, my personal vision, my terms of desire, surrounded
by goodies — all of which prevent me from helping others, from being free?
Indeed, according to writers and scientists such as Pierre Duhem, Stanley Jaki and Peter Hodgson, science in the modern sense of the word took root in the late Middle Ages, fuelled
by a heady mix ofChristian
theology and the newly rediscovered riches of Greek
philosophy and mathematics.
James describes the emerging confrontation between philosophical cosmology and historical
theology and the avenues for resolution offered
by process
philosophy for metaphysics, anthropology and evolution.
Philosophy and Christian
theology are, therefore, only relatively independent; «in the long run each can be completed only
by effecting a final settlement with the other.»
See the critical reviews
by John Cobb in Religion in Life, XXXII, 2 (Spring 1963), 294 - 304; Julian Hartt in The Review of Metaphysics, XVI, 4 (Jane 1963), 747 - 769; John Hick in
Theology Today, XX, 2 (July 1963), 295 - 298; and H. W. Johnstone in The Journal of
Philosophy, XL, 16 (August 1, 1963), 467 - 472.