Sentences with phrase «thin sheet of ice»

Once a thin sheet of ice forms on a lake in Antarctica, a «race» begins between (1) ice growing downward, and (2) snow building upward.

This is probably nilas — thin sheets of ice with an oily or greasy appearance.

Not exact matches

1) Mix flour, butter and icing sugar in a bowl using two knives to cut the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 2) Add in the egg yolks and vanilla extracts and mix well, then add iced water until the dough starts to come together 3) Shape the dough into a ball on a cool, flat, floured surface 4) Flatten dough into a disc and then wrap in plastic wrap, and chill in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes 5) Meanwhile, peel, core and slice the apples into as thin slices as possible 6) Mix sugar and ground cinnamon powder with sliced apples and let it rest for a while 7) Pre-heat oven to 180 deg cel 8) Once dough has chilled, roll pastry dough on a sheet of parchment paper until it has expanded to the size of the tart mold (I used a rough mold the size of a large pizza) 9) Leaving at least an inch of dough free, arrange apple slices by overlapping them slightly in the shape of a circle, starting from the outermost part of the circle, until you reach the inside 10) Fold the edges of dough over the filling and then sprinkle the dough with a bit of sugar 11) Bake for about 40 - 45 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the apples are soft 12) Serve warm, with a side of whipped cream or ice cream (optional)

Pipe icing in very thin, very straight lines across a parchment - lined baking sheet, spacing close together (if icing does not squeeze out of bag easily, snip a slightly larger opening).

Of all the cakes that Tastykake makes, Butterscotch Krimpets — sponge - y cakes with a thin sheet of just enough butterscotch icing — are the clear winnerOf all the cakes that Tastykake makes, Butterscotch Krimpets — sponge - y cakes with a thin sheet of just enough butterscotch icing — are the clear winnerof just enough butterscotch icing — are the clear winners.

But microscopic phytoplankton, which rely on the sun for their nutrients and form the base of Arctic food webs, have managed to thrive under ice sheets that are thinning as the poles become warmer.

Many of the glaciers that jut out into the ocean are thinning, but whether the ice sheet itself has remained stable and intact, even during warm interglacial periods, is a matter of considerable debate.

Employing gravimeters, laser altimeters, even radar, the plane will attempt to get a handle on the rapid thinning of the Antarctic ice sheet — as well as fill in for the aging ICESat 1 satellite that is soon to be defunct.

While some may see evidence of rapid glacier thinning in the past and again today as evidence that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is nearing a collapse driven by human - caused climate change, Steig said at this point, scientists just don't know whether that is the case.

That is because the enormous glacier, which constitutes 10 percent of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, is thinning rapidly, allowing more and more of its land - based ice to reach the sIce Sheet, is thinning rapidly, allowing more and more of its land - based ice to reach the sice to reach the sea.

He compares the task to pulling newly formed sheets of thin ice off a pond in winter.

Water that collects in valleys underneath the ice sheet, in the Gamburtsev Mountains, refreezes when it passes under thinner parts of the ice sheet that are less insulated from cool surface temperatures.

Mountains of new ice underneath the ice sheet Researchers have also observed water in lakes underneath glaciers that refreezes into thin layers of ice.

The weight of the upper layers of the ice sheet causes the deep ice to spread, causing the annual ice layers to become thinner and thinner with depth.

Nature's stained - glass windows are buried in Antarctic ice: Polarizing filters reveal the orientation of crystal grains in thin sections of ice pulled up at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Diviice: Polarizing filters reveal the orientation of crystal grains in thin sections of ice pulled up at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Diviice pulled up at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet DiviIce Sheet Divide.

Dr Ian Joughin at the University of Washington, author of a recent study simulating future Antarctic ice sheet losses added: «This study does a nice job of revealing the strong thinning along the Amundsen Coast, which is consistent with theory and models indicating this region is in the early stages of collapse.»

Around 14,000 years ago the Earth started warming, and the effects were significant — ice completely left the tops of the mountains in western Canada, and where there were ice sheets, they probably thinned a lot.

The full study, «Extensive dynamic thinning on the margins of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets,» was published in Nature (subs.

For example, there appears to be a greater rate of ice sheet thinning in parts of West Antarctica and Greenland than was known about in 2001.

However, it's quite a different matter melting a long - lived massive ice sheet up to 1.5 km thick that covers over 70 % of the land surface (as happened at the end of the last glacial period), from melting isolated and much thinner ice caps / sheets that only cover about 11 % of the land surface (i.e. present - day).»

Terrestrial glacial geologists (such as ourselves) can gain information of past glacial behaviour from mapping and dating former ice sheet extents, and determining the rates at which they receded and thinned, [e.g., 16, 17 - 19].

As glacial geologists, some of the biggest questions that we'd like to answer are not only how large former ice sheets were, but also how fast did the recede and how quickly did they thin?

When an icy impact occurred, the impactor's kinetic energy became heat energy, instantly melted some ice, gouged out a crater, and kicked up into Mars» thin atmosphere large amounts of debris mixed with water (liquid, ice crystals, and vapor)-- and complex organic molecules that obviously came recently from life.127 Then, the dirt and salt - water mixture settled back to the surface in vast layers of thin sheets — strata — especially around the crater.

It must be pointed out that the ice has been thinning more appreciatively in west Greenland of late and that ice sheet melting can only contribute a moderate amount of freshwater volume each year.

It is well known that ice shelves on the Antarctic Peninsula have collapsed on several occasions in the last couple of decades, that ice shelves in West Antarctica are thinning rapidly, and that the large outlet glaciers that drain the West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) are accelerating.

The layers in multi-year ice (mainly formed when sheets of thin first - year ice pancake) do help baby seals, but polar bears happily walk on first - year ice thin enough to see through (don't take my word for it; watch the film Arctic Tale).

The loss of ice shelves — Mercer proposed — would allow the ice sheet to thin, grounding lines to retreat and the ice sheet to disintegrate via calving.

So, as the leading edge melts, this deformation and filling would be first observed as a thinning of the sheet and, in particular, the trunk or main ice stream channel, as well as an acceleration of the stream.

«We were able to see for the first time that there is widespread thinning at the margin of the Greenland ice sheet throughout this region.

It is a thin layer of 2 - 3 meters thickness — unlike the 3,000 meter thick Greenland Ice Sheet.

Now add rapidly a rapidly thinning ice sheet, and the rate that contours of hydrostatic pressure would descend could easily exceed the rate of magma rise by severalfold.

But without the ice shelves to impede the flow of glacial ice, typically moving 400 — 900 meters a year, the flow of ice from the continent could accelerate, leading to a thinning of the ice sheet on the edges of the Antarctic continent.

Figure 1: One reconstruction of how the Antarctic Ice Sheet changed from the LGM (left) to present (right), showing up to hundreds of metres of ice thinniIce Sheet changed from the LGM (left) to present (right), showing up to hundreds of metres of ice thinniice thinning.

In the case of the East Antarctica Ice - Sheet (EAIS), the situation has been less clear: thinning of ice shelves and acceleration of glaciers have been described in some areas but it has to date given an impression of relative stabiliIce - Sheet (EAIS), the situation has been less clear: thinning of ice shelves and acceleration of glaciers have been described in some areas but it has to date given an impression of relative stabiliice shelves and acceleration of glaciers have been described in some areas but it has to date given an impression of relative stability.

Looking at the image above reveals an ailing Arctic ice sheet bearing the scars of multiple large holes and fringed by thin and dispersed sections of ice.

West Antarctica is one of the fastest warming regions on Earth and its ice sheet has been stage to dramatic thinning in recent years.

Accordingly Kahn (2014) reported between 2003 -2006 that 50 % of the total ice loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet occurred in southeast Greenland, and thinning and calving of just 2 glaciers (marked HG) and (KG) accounted half of that loice loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet occurred in southeast Greenland, and thinning and calving of just 2 glaciers (marked HG) and (KG) accounted half of that loIce Sheet occurred in southeast Greenland, and thinning and calving of just 2 glaciers (marked HG) and (KG) accounted half of that loss.

The Greenland Ice Sheet ice properties are not changing, it is the balance of forces that is changing due to thinniIce Sheet ice properties are not changing, it is the balance of forces that is changing due to thinniice properties are not changing, it is the balance of forces that is changing due to thinning.

Pritchard, H. D., Arthern, R. J., Vaughan, D. G. & Edwards, L. A. Extensive dynamic thinning on the margins of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets.

EXETER, UK, February 4, 2005 (ENS)- The rapid thinning of the Antarctic ice sheet is making global sea level rise a cause for concern, according to the Director of the British Antarctic Survey, Professor Chris Rapley.

The Jakobshavn Glacier on the island's southwest coast, which is one of the major drainage outlets from the interior ice sheet, is now thinning four times faster than during most of the twentieth century.

Scientists think mantle plumes are thin streams of heated rock that makes its way upward, melting ice and creating rivers and lakes of meltwater under Antarctica's western ice sheet.

Satellites detect a thinning of parts of the Greenland Ice Sheet at lower elevations, and glaciers are disgorging ice into the ocean more rapidly, adding 0.23 to 0.57 mm / yr to the sea within the last decaIce Sheet at lower elevations, and glaciers are disgorging ice into the ocean more rapidly, adding 0.23 to 0.57 mm / yr to the sea within the last decaice into the ocean more rapidly, adding 0.23 to 0.57 mm / yr to the sea within the last decade.

No tittering, it's so puerileâ $» every professor of climatology knows that the thickest ice ever is a clear sign of thin ice, because as the oceans warm, glaciers break off the Himalayas and are carried by the El Ninja down the Gore Stream past the Cape of Good Horn where they merge into the melting ice sheet, named after the awareness - raising rapper Ice Sheetice ever is a clear sign of thin ice, because as the oceans warm, glaciers break off the Himalayas and are carried by the El Ninja down the Gore Stream past the Cape of Good Horn where they merge into the melting ice sheet, named after the awareness - raising rapper Ice Sheetice, because as the oceans warm, glaciers break off the Himalayas and are carried by the El Ninja down the Gore Stream past the Cape of Good Horn where they merge into the melting ice sheet, named after the awareness - raising rapper Ice Sheetice sheet, named after the awareness - raising rapper Ice Shesheet, named after the awareness - raising rapper Ice SheetIce SheetSheet...

The West Antarctic Ice Sheet is also showing some signs of thinning.

Large - scale warming in the Arctic [Johannessen et al., 2004] has resulted in an extension of the length of the summer melt season over sea ice [Smith, 1998; Rigor et al., 2000], thawing permafrost [Osterkamp and Romanovsky, 1999], and near - coastal thinning and overall shrinkage of the Greenland ice sheet [Krabill et al., 1999; Lemke et al., 2007, and references therein].

(09/23/2009) Resaerchers examining 43 million satellite measurements of Antarctica's thinning ice sheets and 7 million of Greenland's, show that the ice is melting faster than expected.

Although the study did not find a significant change in the elevation of the interior East Antarctic Ice Sheet, it shows for the first time that the thinning of the Totten glacier in that region extends to the point where the ice meets the land surface below, known as the grounding liIce Sheet, it shows for the first time that the thinning of the Totten glacier in that region extends to the point where the ice meets the land surface below, known as the grounding liice meets the land surface below, known as the grounding line.

This thin ice cap is very different from the Greenland Ice Sheet where the enormous thickness gives it a very slow response time and the type of process you are suggesting can operaice cap is very different from the Greenland Ice Sheet where the enormous thickness gives it a very slow response time and the type of process you are suggesting can operaIce Sheet where the enormous thickness gives it a very slow response time and the type of process you are suggesting can operate.

(04/01/2013) Warming about twice as fast as the rest of the world, the Arctic is already undergoing massive upheavals from climate change: summer sea ice is thinning and vanishing, land based ice sheets are melting, and sea levels are rising.