The points of this paper are not really specific to CO2, but rather a more general way to
think about greenhouse gases (GHG).
When
you think about greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide usually comes to mind.
Your next science challenge, is to start
thinking about greenhouse gasses, and their absorption spectra.
Not exact matches
«If you know carbon dioxide is a «
greenhouse gas» but
think it kills the things that live in
greenhouses,» Kahan said, «then it's safe to say you don't know much
about climate science.»
In 1998, as the United States was considering signing the international Kyoto Protocol treaty to limit global
greenhouse gas emissions, Southern was part of an initiative called the Global Science Communications Team that brought together industry, public relations and
think tank leaders to devise a plan to confuse the public
about the state of climate science.
The cooling effect from this aerosol forcing is
thought to be
about half that of
greenhouse gases, but in the opposing (cooling) direction.
I
think that if we are serious
about the need to cut
greenhouse gas emissions we'd show it by drastically cutting air and highway travel beginning with a freeze on all non-essential travel by air.
I'm not sure this bodes well for the global
thinking, and interaction, that'd have to take place if the world were to get serious
about curbing the growth of
greenhouse gas emissions.
By the way, I'd just like to mention that I am far happier to be arguing
about the comparative benefits of nuclear power, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, conservation, efficiency, reforestation, organic agriculture, etc. for quickly reducing CO2 emissions and concentrations, than to be engaged in yet another argument with someone who doesn't believe that CO2 is a
greenhouse gas, or that human activities are not causing warming, or that the Earth is cooling, or
thinks that AGW is a «liberal» conspiracy to destroy capitalism, etc..
So if you
thought, for example,
about a very revved up, intensive effort to work on the electrification of the vehicle fleet and the production of electric cars in the United States, it could be a very good thing for our auto business, for creating jobs, for manufacturing in Ohio and Michigan, for example — all things that could be quite appealing in many ways and could also have a big impact on
greenhouse gases, even though it's not kind of presented as that — as the — that's not — it's not framed in that sense.
They only
think about their own business, they do not care that US's
greenhouse gas emission is affecting world poor areas.
I honestly
think she's too young to be listening to me going on and on
about such confusing stuff as oil,
gas, coal,
greenhouse effect, global warming, manmade climate change, population explosion (she knows
about it), deforestation, desertification, rapid extinction of other species, pollution, problems, overconsumption, overindustrialization, problems, politics, economics, consumerism, and problems, religion, war, etc., etc., etc..
I used to
think massive investment in basic science might be our only way out, but when I read
about the real cost for producing electric cars (ex.,
greenhouse gases used to make batteries), subsidized solar companies going under because they can not compete with China (which doesn't care
about labor needs or pollution), etc., then I wonder
about that too.
What simply amazes me (TonyB seems to agree) is that U.K. and other jurisdictions have enacted laws to mandate
greenhouse gas reductions with HUGE impact on the taxpayers» lives without any evidence that they have even
thought about the effectiveness of their programs in actually reducing global warming.
«ExxonMobil invests significant amounts in letting
think - tanks, seemingly respectable sources, sow doubts
about the need for EU governments to take action to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions,» said Olivier Hoedeman, of the Corporate Europe Observatory.
But in
thinking about those policies, we must always remember one thing: geoengineering is not now and never will be an alternative to dramatic reductions in our
greenhouse gas emissions.
In the scorching summer of 1988, when global warming first hit headlines in a significant way, presidential candidate George H.W. Bush used a Michigan speech to pledge meaningful action curbing heat - trapping
greenhouse gases, saying, «Those who
think we are powerless to do anything
about the
greenhouse effect forget
about the White House effect.»
If you're actually
thinking about what I've just said, you'll realise that the real world's
greenhouse gases are predominantly nitrogen and oxygen, they are the bulk of our atmosphere and act like a blanket delaying the escape of heat from the surface..
Even a decade ago, we didn't know much
about the climate flips; we simply
thought that climate creep was starting to occur and that we needed to prevent
greenhouse gases from slowly ramping up the heat.
«It's not just
greenhouse gasses that we need to be
thinking about.»
If you read the first Hub in this series, you may recall that climate sensitivity is
thought to be
about 3 degrees Celsius per «doubling» of
greenhouse gases.
Like the ideological
think tanks and Astroturf groups discussed later in this report, these front groups are not interested in educating the public
about the large body of science that supports concern that
greenhouse gases are threatening people around the world and the ecological systems on which they depend.
Dr. Theodore A. Scambos, a glaciologist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center at the University of Colorado, said the long life of Larsen B «makes you
think there's something particularly unusual
about this warming» — perhaps evidence that the warming has been brought on by artificial emissions of carbon dioxide and other
greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere.
Online resources and op - ed writers talking
about WV as the «most important
greenhouse gas» or «CO2 is only 0.033 % of the atmosphere» are misleading simplifications, and I don't
think the IPCC explanation is misleading at all.
I certainly believe in the physics of
greenhouse gases, etc., but
think there has been way too much hype and exaggeration
about global warming / climate change.
I
thought explaining how they have taken out the real heat from the Sun because they had to use its measurements for their «backradiation from
greenhouse gases» would be the easiest to explain..., the arguments
about the second law are interminable because few understand that physics well enough to counter the AGW tweaking of it by several sleights of hand.
You don't need to
think long to find a reason for the tobacco industry and big oil wanting to spread doubt
about the science behind the link between tobacco and cancer, and behind
greenhouse gases and global warming, respectively.
It can be most useful to
think about climate change through a risk management lens — the more
greenhouse gases that we emit, the greater the risks for dangerous impacts to occur.
I
think your somewhat confused
about the way CO2 and water acts as
greenhouse gases.
I
think it's worth noting that even running on pure coal - electricty, a plug - in hybrid electric today would have much lower emissions of
greenhouse gasses than the average new car today running on gasoline, and
about the same emissions as a regular hybrid.
I'm
thinking that a newswriter could start with, «While the basics of global warming are well established, and our
greenhouse gas emissions are causing the warming, with many dire consequences, there is still some scientific uncertainty
about (or debate on).....»
And I
think that Mike, if in fact he were truly concerned
about climate change and truly familiar with California, would recognize that 50 % of our
greenhouse gas emissions in California are attributable to the development in refining and use of petroleum, and focus attention there.
Just three days before the United States and China, the world's two biggest carbon polluters, signed what could be a ground - breaking agreement to accelerate the reduction of
greenhouse gas pollution, Oliver was telling the La Presse editorial board (in French) that, «I
think that people aren't as worried as they were before
about global warming of two degrees.
BH: Some of them are talking
about climate sensitivity at 1.2 C, at 1.5 C. I
think this is completely implausible because the basic energetics of the climate system responding to the additional
greenhouse gas emissions almost from simple physics, has to be at least 1.2 C and possibly more before you begin to take into account any of the feedbacks in the system from water vapour in clouds and so on.
... Drawdown is the point in time when
greenhouse gas concentrations peak in the atmosphere and begin to go down on a year - to - year basis... I hadn't
thought about solutions much until I saw the wedges, in 2001.
«The results show that we need to
think differently
about how the ocean responds to taking up heat and passive tracers or
greenhouse gases.
Just
think, if all pool pumps sold in the United States were ENERGY STAR certified, the energy cost savings would grow to
about $ 155 million each year and 2.5 billion pounds of annual
greenhouse gas emissions would be prevented, equivalent to the emissions from more than 260,000 vehicles.
If you
think about it and if they «are» right
about both the causes and the effects (melting ice caps, raising sea levels — e.g. increased ocean surface worldwide, increased surface temperatures on land and at sea and erratic excesses in weather) then the results may well be an eventual drastic swing the other day as we see increases in reflection, evaporation and conversion of «
greenhouse»
gases back into inert forms!
Simply
thinking about industrial emissions of
greenhouse gases is not all that useful.
The simple way to
think about this is that
greenhouse gases are trapping heat in the lower atmosphere.
«Those who want to reduce
greenhouse -
gas emissions, reduce deforestation or increase the ability of people to spend quality time with their friends, families and communities will need to spend as much time
thinking about the cultural drivers of the problems they seek to solve as developing policy solutions to them.»
I had other
thoughts about a null hypothesis in science, like for instance, if you want to understand the effect of «
greenhouse -
gasses» in the atmosphere, the null hypothesis would be, the effect of an atmosphere on a planet without
greenhouse gasses.
From a theoretical perspective, if one
thinks about carbon taxes or permit prices as «internalizing the externality» of the damage from
greenhouse gases, compensating those harmed by the externality is a logical use of any such funds, at whatever level they are applied.
Although most people
think of climate change as a fossil fuel problem, agriculture, forestry, land - use change, and other land uses, (the «land sector»), account for
about 24 % of global
greenhouse gas emission.