Surface air that has been rapidly transported upwards
through deep convection becomes trapped within the strong anticyclonic circulation.
Not exact matches
This heavy element upwells from a star's core (where it is produced) to the surface (near where it is observed) in a phase called the third dredge - up, when material in
deep helium - burning layers is brought to the surface
through convection.
Changes in
convection and cloud formations
through altered air moisture (CAPE) could have implications for the coupled mode mechanisms, as would a
deeper thermocline (usually situated near the bottom of the warm surface layer).
For a rough estimate, downwelling water to the
deep ocean in
convection zones is about 40 Sv (10 ^ 6 m3 / s), assuming that comes in with say 2 deg C, and leaves (
through upwelling, isopycnal and diapycnal diffusion), that is a heat flux of 320 TW, thus at least an order of magnitude larger than the geothermal fluxes.
If radiative escape is blocked then that only leaves
convection and conduction to get the
deeper water to the surface where it can escape
through radiation, conduction to the atmosphere, and evaporation.