Sentences with phrase «through sheets of ice»

From new mission types and weapons, new ship parts and functions (like a modified ram that cuts through sheets of ice), new towns and places to explore like New York and the Artic, and new collectables and mini-games, Rogue takes the best elements from Assassin's Creed III and Black Flag and adds a couple of new elements to the mix to make it a very solid and compelling experience.

Once I accidentally stepped through a sheet of ice into water while wearing them.

Not exact matches

While most duck shooters snuggle deeper under the blankets, the Maine seabirder gets up at 4 a.m., drives his boat through swells that wash over the decks and turn them into sheets of ice, sets his trawl line of decoys, anchors in the lee of a ledge and covers his boat with rockweed.

The howling winds outside seem to virtually cut right through the walls of the house, and the sheets are ice - cold.

Now the team is packing up their tools and mobile labs so that they can be shipped out to the ice sheet for the real deal: Boring through a half - mile of ice covering Lake Whillans.

Murali Haran, a professor in the department of statistics at Penn State University; Won Chang, an assistant professor in the department of mathematical sciences at the University of Cincinnati; Klaus Keller, a professor in the department of geosciences and director of sustainable climate risk management at Penn State University; Rob Nicholas, a research associate at Earth and Environmental Systems Institute at Penn State University; and David Pollard, a senior scientist at Earth and Environmental Systems Institute at Penn State University detail how parameters and initial values drive an ice sheet model, whose output describes the behavior of the ice sheet through time.

Computer model simulations have suggested that ice - sheet melting through warm water incursions could initiate a collapse of the WAIS within the next few centuries, raising global sea - level by up to 3.5 metres.»

One way to assess the health of ice sheets is to look at their balance: when an ice sheet is in balance, the ice gained through snowfall equals the ice lost through melting and iceberg calving.

Perhaps extra carbon dioxide from a period of heightened seafloor eruptions eventually percolates through the ocean and into the atmosphere, allowing warming that would deliver a coup de grâce to the massive ice sheets.

Before Parzinger opened his grave, the warrior had lain for more than 2,000 years on an ice lens, a sheet of ice created by water seeping through the grave and freezing against the permafrost below.

For instance, it was previously thought that it would take hundreds of years for the Greenland ice sheet to melt right the way through.

«Ice age bison fossils shed light on early human migrations in North America: Study dates the first movements of bison through an ice - free corridor that opened between the ice sheets after the last glacial maximum.&raqIce age bison fossils shed light on early human migrations in North America: Study dates the first movements of bison through an ice - free corridor that opened between the ice sheets after the last glacial maximum.&raqice - free corridor that opened between the ice sheets after the last glacial maximum.&raqice sheets after the last glacial maximum.»

At a global scale, the increased melting of the ice sheet contributes to rising sea level and may impact global ocean circulation patterns through the so - called «thermohaline circulation'that sustains among others, the Gulf Stream, which keeps Europe warm.

A new study has found that the massive Laurentide ice sheet that covered Canada during the last ice age initially began shrinking through calving of icebergs, and then abruptly shifted into a new regime where melting on the continent took precedence, ultimately leading to the sheet's demise.

David Ullman, a postdoctoral researcher at Oregon State University and lead author on the study, said there are two mechanisms through which ice sheets diminish — dynamically, from the jettisoning of icebergs at the fringes, or by a negative «surface mass balance,» which compares the amount of snow accumulation relative to melting.

Additional support provided by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Biological and Environmental Research programs within the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, along with the Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets at the University of Kansas through National Science Foundation grant ANT - 0424589.

The sediment cores used in this study cover a period when the planet went through many climate cycles driven by variations in Earth's orbit, from extreme glacial periods such as the Last Glacial Maximum about 20,000 years ago, when massive ice sheets covered the northern parts of Europe and North America, to relatively warm interglacial periods with climates more like today's.

To understand how an ice sheet changes through time, a continuous historical record of those changes is needed, according to Licht.

With two research icebreakers, over 100 geologists and geographers from Canada and the United States, three Inuit mammal spotters on the watch for vulnerable wildlife, and two underwater autonomous vehicles that can operate beneath sheet ice, a geological survey team set out last night to crush their way through the last untrammelled regions of the Arctic, mapping the sea floor as they go.

By the time bison were able to pass through the corridor, he says, humans were already living south of the ice sheets, presumably after traveling down the Pacific coast by boat.

The detailed mapping and sampling of the partially eroded Kima» Kho tuya in northern British Columbia, Canada shows that the ancient regional ice sheet through which the volcano erupted was twice as thick as previously estimated.

Gerhard Kuhn, co-author of the study, said, «Our results provide evidence that in the past, [West Antarctic Ice Sheet -RCB- retreat was also predominantly caused by melting through warm ocean water.»

Ash was part of Expedition 374, which spent 46 days at sea this year to study the evolution of the Ross Sea ice sheet off West Antarctica and the relationship between climatic and oceanic change through the Neogene and Quaternary periods, from 23 million years ago to the present day.

Massive icebergs calving off of Antarctic ice sheets and floating through the Southern Ocean deposit iron, which fertilizes the seawater and nurtures massive phytoplankton blooms.

There are 379 subglacial lakes beneath the Antarctic ice sheet that have been inferred through the use of various remote sensing technologies.

And through detailed studies of the local physics of ice - sheet changes and more refined reconstructions of ice - sheet changes during warm periods of the geological past, scientists may become able to distinguish between the two roads sooner.

Ice shelf collapse and glacier recession here, in front of the large ice streams such as Pine Island Glacier and Thwaites Glacier, would have potential to raise sea levels by tens of centimetres to a metre, through the process of marine ice sheet instabilityIce shelf collapse and glacier recession here, in front of the large ice streams such as Pine Island Glacier and Thwaites Glacier, would have potential to raise sea levels by tens of centimetres to a metre, through the process of marine ice sheet instabilityice streams such as Pine Island Glacier and Thwaites Glacier, would have potential to raise sea levels by tens of centimetres to a metre, through the process of marine ice sheet instabilityice sheet instability23.

The notch of water in the black and white cross-section of the ice might not look like much, but the small pools of water that persist through the winter have the potential to have large impacts on the sheet's durability.

Unlike the great ice sheet of Antarctica, the Greenland ice sheet is melting both on its surface and also at outlet glaciers that drain the ice sheet's mass through deep fjords, where these glaciers extend out into the ocean and often terminate in dynamic calving fronts, giving up gigaton - sized icebergs at times.

Meltwater reaches the base of ice sheets through basal melting from geothermal heating and by ice melting under pressure from the weight of the ice mass above.

reconstructing sea - level and ice - sheet changes on timescales ranging from the 20th century, to the late Holocene, to the last 150 thousand years, through statistical and geophysical modeling of geological and observational records;

Winter's shorter days and colder temperatures make fitting in a run no easy taskâ $» not to mention how arduous it is to stomp through snow or tiptoe over a sheet of ice.

That afternoon I walked cautiously toward Dr. Burt's truck, through streams of tears and across a solid sheet of ice on the ground.

Leakage of the Greenland Ice Sheet through accelerated ice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheIce Sheet through accelerated ice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sSheet through accelerated ice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice ssheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheice discharge from the ice sheice sheetsheet.

The problem with the paleoclimate ice sheet models is that they do not generally contain the physics of ice streams, effects of surface melt descending through crevasses and lubricating basal flow, or realistic interactions with the ocean.

Now one could argue that an impact of that sort, onto either the open waters of the St. Lawrence or the Laurentide ice sheet, could have vaporized a good deal of water and ice, thus creating a large tsunami that funneled up the St. Lawrence and then broke through to glacial Lake Vermont, and then set off a chain of events that lead to the draining of Lake Vermont and Lake Agassiz, and that could very well satisfy the proxy evidence in the Younger Dryas boundary layer.

Several large international projects have succeeded in drilling ice - cores from the top of the Greenland inland ice through the more than 3 km thick ice sheet.

Lakes on the surface of Greenland's ice sheet are draining through the kilometre - thick ice and roaring to the bedrock with a flow rate exceeding that of Niagara Falls.

The layers in multi-year ice (mainly formed when sheets of thin first - year ice pancake) do help baby seals, but polar bears happily walk on first - year ice thin enough to see through (don't take my word for it; watch the film Arctic Tale).

We have fairly high confidence that we observe the history of Heinrich events (huge discharges of ice - rafted debris from the Laurentide ice sheet through Hudson Bay that are roughly coincident with large southern warming, southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone, extensive sea ice in the north Atlantic, reduced monsoonal rainfall in at least some parts of Asia, and other changes), and also cold phases of the Dansgaard / Oeschger oscillations that lack Heinrich layers and are characterized by muted versions of the other climate anomalies I just mentioned.

If that acceleration trend continues unabated, through any significant portion of the planet's ice sheets, then we could lose all seaports (like NYC, Boston, Seattle) and coastal communities, natural and man - made.

While glaciologists are modeling the long - term fate of ice sheets (and sea levels), he's modeling the fate of human populations through 2300.

Numerous processes contribute to this, including the removal of buttressing ice shelves (i.e., ice tongues floating on water but in places anchored on islands or underwater rocks) or the lubrication of the ice sheet base by meltwater trickling down from the surface through cracks.

On decadal and longer time scales, global mean sea level change results from two major processes, mostly related to recent climate change, that alter the volume of water in the global ocean: i) thermal expansion (Section 5.5.3), and ii) the exchange of water between oceans and other reservoirs (glaciers and ice caps, ice sheets, other land water reservoirs - including through anthropogenic change in land hydrology, and the atmosphere; Section 5.5.5).

With a much - needed GRACE follow - on mission being planned and expected to launch around 2017, observation and modelling of Antarctic GIA will continue to give us insights into the ice sheet history — from the LGM through to the present — and hence provide the context for any future changes.

Actually if you look at ice velocity you will see that outflow through glaciers dominates the outflow of ice sheets.

Through a combination of sediment cores analyses and ice - sheet modelling, the study shows that this area has probably been steadily leaking methane from hydrates for 8000 years.

«At the end of the last ice age around 11,000 years ago, the ice sheet went through a period of rapid, sustained ice loss when changes in global weather patterns and rising sea levels pushed warm water closer to the ice sheet — just as is happening today,» NASA said.

Like a glacier, an ice sheet forms through the accumulation of snowfall, when annual snowfall exceeds annual snowmelt.

A study using Earth Remote Sensing satellite radar interferometry (EERS - 1 and -2) observations from 1992 through 2011 finds «a continuous and rapid retreat of the grounding lines of Pine Island, Thwaites, Haynes, Smith, and Kohler» Glaciers, and the authors conclude that «this sector of West Antarctica is undergoing a marine ice sheet instability that will significantly contribute to sea level rise in decades to centuries to come» (Rignot et al. 2014).