The biggest difference is a lack of real -
time weather observation.
Not exact matches
Contribute to a socially networked
weather Almanac for communities to collectively journal climate
observations, questions and decisions against near - real
time climate information
The researchers took those
observations from 2007 and 2008, nearly 12,700 of them, and essentially ran a
weather model in reverse to trace those measurements back in
time and space.
Throughout the night, the team may make long
observations of a few astronomical objects, or they may move from target to target, always trying to make the best possible use of the
time and
weather conditions.
In addition, when correlations were constrained to the
time period that satellite burned area
observations were available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)(2001 - 2012), and thus where estimates of land - use change carbon emissions were more certain2, correlations between fire
weather season length, long fire season affected area and net land carbon fluxes increased substantially to ρ = − 0.797 and ρ = − 0.825, respectively, n = 12, P < 0.01).
Some of the discontinuities (which can be of either sign) in
weather records can be detected using jump point analyses (for instance in the new version of the NOAA product), others can be adjusted using known information (such as biases introduced because changes in the
time of
observations or moving a station).
Clear seasonal patterns can be identified, concentrating around Christmas and New Year
time, as well as Valentine's Day, and the general
observation that cold
weather is conducive to online dating.
There are a lot of technical
observations — pointing out real penguins vs. CGI, different types of fake snow, discussing the digital video cameras used, recalling filming
weather conditions and
times — that most viewers won't care to hear about, at least not for 94 minutes.
The back of each painting is documented with its location, date,
time of day,
weather conditions, and brief
observations about the day.
These are
weather models which have the real world
observations assimilated into the solution to provide a «best guess» of the evolution of
weather over
time (although pre-satellite era estimates (before 1979) are less accurate).
Some of the discontinuities (which can be of either sign) in
weather records can be detected using jump point analyses (for instance in the new version of the NOAA product), others can be adjusted using known information (such as biases introduced because changes in the
time of
observations or moving a station).
In the end, climate
observations have requirements that are typically ten
times more accurate than
weather, and require 10
times as many variables to be observed.
While others have pointed out already that
weather & climate (
weather trends over very long spans of
time) are different, I can offer you my
observations on recent Alaskan
weather.
In the paper1, the authors used data from
weather stations around the world; those in China «were selected on the basis of station history: we chose those with few, if any, changes in instrumentation, location or
observation times», they wrote.
The Project focused on historical analyses of the hydrological cycle on a broad range of
weather and climate
time scales and placed the NASA EOS suite of
observations in a climate context.
Using NOAA database of
weather balloon
observations that goes back to 1948 he studied the absorption of infrared radiation by the atmosphere over
time.
There are some source of predictability that are still not fully resolved (including those dealing with improving climate models, but also related to unexplored initial conditions or driving conditions), and a great benefit of these predictability studies is that they mimic the practice of
weather prediction by confronting models with
observations at the relevant
time and spatial scales, leading to the necessary inspiration for this model improvement.
Confirmation with out - of - sample
observations is possible for forecasts have a short
time horizon that can be compared to out - of - sample
observations (e.g.
weather forecasts).
Ultimately Watts et al. fail to account for changing
time of
observations, that instruments change, or that
weather stations are sometimes relocated, causing them to wrongly conclude that uncorrected data are much better than data that takes all this into account.
This is particularly exciting because lately I've been doing some very fine grained analysis of a model with a 30 minute timestep, so this allows a very direct comparison between the «real -
time»
weather in
observations and a model.
In addition to treating cloud transmission based only on the measurements at the local
time of the TOMS
observations, the results from other satellites and
weather assimilation models can be used to estimate atmospheric UV irradiance transmission throughout the day.
FOR some
time,
weather enthusiasts across Australia have been noticing rapid temperature fluctuations at the «latest
observations» page at the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's website.
My conclusion is that a careful
observation of
weather patterns over the entire globe and, in particular, ascertaining whether there is a net average surface movement of air towards the poles or towards the equator should reveal whether there is an overall global warming or cooling trend at any particular
time.
See, the first thing to do is do determine what the temperature trend during the recent thermometer period (1850 — 2011) actually is, and what patterns or trends represent «data» in those trends (what the earth's temperature / climate really was during this period), and what represents random «noise» (day - to - day, year - to - random changes in the «
weather» that do NOT represent «climate change»), and what represents experimental error in the plots (UHI increases in the temperatures, thermometer loss and loss of USSR data, «metadata» «M» (minus) records getting skipped that inflate winter temperatures, differences in sea records from different measuring techniques, sea records vice land records, extrapolated land records over hundreds of km, surface temperature errors from lousy stations and lousy maintenance of surface records and stations, false and malicious
time - of -
observation bias changes in the information.)
Instead of just performing a statistical analysis of the
weather station and sea surface
observations, the reanalysis attempts to construct a complete model of the state of the Earth's atmosphere at any point in
time.
Ed commented, «The fastest way to collect new
weather observations is by looking back in
time.
Just an
observation for you Global Warming kooks: How can we accept as true these theoretical
weather scientists about something that has purportedly caused a lot of studying over millions of man hours, if these same scientists can't even agree on where a storm is going in real
time?
Using NOAA database of
weather balloon
observations that goes back to 1948 he studied the infrared absorption of the atmosphere over
time.
Astute observers will be aware that
weather stations don't take a single temperature measurement at the
observation time.
We appear to have a perfect storm: Detailed
observations of more extreme
weather in North America in recent years are now coming at the same
time as new scientific analyses that can explain why manmade climate change is boosting extreme
weather in our continent.
The boundary conditions, the variance and variables get more easily modeled as more
time is utilized and of course various scenarios from empirical
observations are inputed; the sites I pasted and the book I recommended explain a lot about the
weather and climate models, similarities and differences.
This task has become easier over the last decade with the development of advanced methods of Data Assimilation commonly used in atmospheric sciences to optimally combine a short forecast with the latest meteorological
observations in order to create accurate initial conditions for
weather forecasts generated several
times a day by the National
Weather Services (e.g., [194,195,196,197,198]-RRB-.
Climate is individual
weather observations / predictions integrated over
time and area, taking longer - scale trends into account and allowing us to identify such trends.
Peter Whale says: August 14, 2010 at 11:25 am Could someone on either side of the debate give me what
weather conditions over an agreed period of
time, that would then turn the
observations so that they could be called climate, which would then either confirm catastrophic warming or confirm natural cause and variation =======================================================
Could someone on either side of the debate give me what
weather conditions over an agreed period of
time, that would then turn the
observations so that they could be called climate, which would then either confirm catastrophic warming or confirm natural cause and variation.