Sentences with phrase «times atmospheric levels»
Commercial greenhouse operators raise CO2 levels to 1200 ppm, three times atmospheric levels.
http://drtimball.com/ Not exact matches
Pressure - One «bar» is our atmospheric pressure, and the best espresso is created by pushing hot water through compact ground coffee at several times this pressure level.
An international team examining the impact of ocean acidification on coral has found that a key reef - building coral can, over a relatively short period of time, acclimate to a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
Ice core records show atmospheric methane levels plunged from about 700 parts per billion to just 500 ppb at the time of their extinction.
At sea level on Earth, sunlight's «radiation pressure» is about 50 million times smaller than atmospheric pressure.
About 6000 years ago, levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide rose — and until now slash - and - burn by the 12 million humans on the planet at the time has been blamed.
For this reason, he and his colleague predict the Moon condensed in a pressure of more than 10 bar, or roughly 10 times the sea level atmospheric pressure on Earth.
«However, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels aren't changing because the Earth has had time to respond via increased silicate - weathering rates.
Although chlorine levels are falling, thanks to agreements that banned chlorofluorocarbons, levels of bromine — which is 45 times more effective at zapping ozone — are still rising, says atmospheric chemist Dale Hurst of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, Colorado.
Two new studies look far back in geologic time to determine how sensitive the global climate is to atmospheric CO2 levels
The last time the average atmospheric CO2 levels were around 400 ppm, as they are now, was 3 million years ago.
The mid-Pliocene was the last time atmospheric CO2 levels were similar to today's, trapping heat and raising global temperatures to above the levels Earth is experiencing now.
The pattern of chemical weathering preserved in the paleosol is compatible with elevated atmospheric O2 levels at that time.
«Wheat's photosynthetic pathway evolved 100 million years ago when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were up to 10 times higher than they are today,» he said.
For example, the model predicts that production of carbon dioxide must increase with time, a finding that goes against the conventional wisdom that carbon fluxes and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have steadily decreased over the last 4 billion years.
Simple sponges can live with 200 times less oxygen than present atmospheric levels, supporting the idea that animals evolved before oxygen - rich oceans
By analyzing boron in shells accumulated over more than 2 million years, Hönisch was able to reconstruct in unprecedented detail how atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have changed over time.
This dynamic time for East Antarctic glaciers occurred when atmospheric temperatures and atmospheric CO2 levels were similar to or higher than present day.
Cutting - edge techniques enabled the researchers to detect the presence of gases even at part - per - trillion levels, one million times less concentrated than atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
Two billion years ago, around the time atmospheric oxygen levels were rising, one cell engulfed another, and instead of becoming lunch, the ingestee became an Earth - changer and, eventually, a vital part of you: mitochondria.These microscopic cell inhabitants / engines allowed their host cell to suddenly begin to burn oxygen when digesting their food, an energy source that vastly expanded the amount of energy they could harvest from a given morsel of food.
But the IPCC report recently stated, «with atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rising almost twice as fast in the first decade of this century as they did in the last decades of the 20th century,» so I imagine usage rates are and will continue going up for some time yet.
April will be the first time in human history where levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide were higher than 400 parts per million for an entire month, one scientist who monitors the levels said.
Running simulations with an Earth System model, the researchers find that if atmospheric CO2 were still at pre-industrial levels, our current warm «interglacial» period would tip over into a new ice age in around 50,000 years» time.
The timing and severity of ice ages are determined by two major factors, namely the level of sunlight falling on northern land masses and the associated levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases.
«On May 9th, 2013 the atmospheric CO2 level reached 400 parts per million, the first time since 800,000 years ago.
Numerical computer modelling of the glacier for these different time periods will help us understand whether this part of the ice sheet is susceptible to rising sea level, warming oceans or increased atmospheric temperatures.
The inertia of energy system infrastructure, i.e., the time required to replace fossil fuel energy systems, will make it exceedingly difficult to avoid a level of atmospheric CO2 that would eventually have highly undesirable consequences.
Combined with horrid loading times on every death, as well as any time you need to visit your safe haven to level up - and then go back into the world - this atmospheric marvel, is indeed terrible as an actual game.
Throughout, BADLAND maintains an atmospheric edge with levels themed around the times of day and appearing distinctly eerie.
The thing is, starting with IV, the series had relatively complicated stories, decent dialogue, sophisticated world interaction and a great deal of atmospheric immersion for the time — all this in addition to developing an addictive (if initially slower - paced) level - based grind.
FEATURES * Gorgeous 3D graphics * Beautiful and atmospheric levels with countless missions to complete * Amazing lighting and explosion effects * Battle heavily armed bosses * Upgrade your shields, guns, missiles, lasers... * Many player spaceships to unlock * Activate bullet time for tactical maneuvers * Accessible to casual gamers, as well as die - hard shooter addicts.
Gavin, am interested in your earlier reported brief comment in the context of the Pakistan floods (perhaps here on Real Climate) that a different way of looking at extreme events is asking the question thus: what is the likelihood of such events occurring had atmospheric CO2 levels remained what they were at the time of the Industrial Revolution (276 ppm) rather than what they are now (390 ppm).
Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measurements).
The timing and severity of ice ages are determined by two major factors, namely the level of sunlight falling on northern land masses and the associated levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases.
«If all farmland was a net sink rather than a net source for CO2, atmospheric CO2 levels would fall at the same time as farm productivity and watershed function improved.
Low atmospheric CO2 levels during the Permo - Carboniferous...... at a time when total atmospheric pressure was similar or slight higher than now.
But we are now entering a world with atmospheric CO2 levels that never existed any time in the entire history of our evolution as modern humans.
«This perspective article focuses on intervals in time in the fossil record when atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased up to 1200 ppmv, temperatures in mid - to high - latitudes increased by greater than 4 °C within 60 years, and sea levels rose by up to 3 m higher than present.
«The sea level time series correlates relatively well with the AO index and with the inverse of the sea level atmospheric pressure (SLP) at the North Pole.
On another subject, now that we know from Al Gore's researches, that our SUVs, which keep raising the CO2 levels at Mauna Loa, are the direct cause of the Mediaeval Warm Period (remember that was just 800 years before the present rising CO2 event); we can predict with near certainty, that when everybody who signed on to the Kyoto accords, meets their obligations, resulting in a coming dearth of atmospheric CO2, that is going to directly cause an event which will become known as the little ice age which happened in the 1600 to 1840 time range.
But the evidence shows this can't be true; temperature changes before CO2 in every record of any duration for any time period; CO2 variability does not correlate with temperature at any point in the last 600 million years; atmospheric CO2 levels are currently at the lowest level in that period; in the 20th century most warming occurred before 1940 when human production of CO2 was very small; human production of CO2 increased the most after 1940 but global temperatures declined to 1985; from 2000 global temperatures declined while CO2 levels increased; and any reduction in CO2 threatens plant life, oxygen production, and therefore all life on the planet.
During times of warmth, the ocean water levels rise as atmospheric moisture increases but at a rate decelerating when atmospheric temperatures over oceans approach say 33 C.
Their findings, published in Society's journal Weather, show for the first time that asperitas is a low level cloud made of water — not ice as previously suggested — which develops its characteristic form from atmospheric disturbances, such as weather fronts and storms.
Most corals evolved in the Ordovician when the atmospheric CO2 was at least 10 times the current levels.
And over that time period humans have emitted over 30 % of ALL the CO2 emissions they EVER emitted, and the atmospheric concentration has reached all - time record levels.
While the conditions in the geological past are useful indicators in suggesting climate and atmospheric conditions only vary within a a certain range (for example, that life has existed for over 3 billion years indicates that the oxygen level of the atmosphere has stayed between about 20 and 25 % throughout that time), I also think some skeptics are too quick to suggest the lack of correlation between temperature and CO2 during the last 550 million years falsifies the link between CO2 and warming (too many differences in conditions to allow any such a conclusion to be drawn — for example the Ordovician with high CO2 and an ice age didn't have any terrestrial life).
The first is climate inertia — on very many levels, from fossil lock - in emissions (decades), ocean - atmospheric temperature inertia (yet more decades), Earth system temperature inertia (centuries to millennia) to ecological climate impact inertia (impacts becoming worse over time under a constant stress)-- all this to illustrate anthropogenic climate change, although already manifesting itself, is still very much an escalating problem for the future.
Given evolution over the past 500 million years when virtually all modern emerged and radiated largely occurred while the planet had no polar ice caps and atmospheric CO2 up to ten times current level, and the planet was green from pole to pole, and life did so well it was able to sequester huge amounts of energy in fossil fuel beds.
This test was not only about CO2 over sixty times the current atmospheric concentration, but also cold and low O2 and other factors, so it's of limited use, one hopes, in a discussion of expected atmospheric levels of CO2.
Karlsson also refers to «natural variability during the Cambrian», but fails to inform his readers that at that time atmospheric carbon dioxide levels exceeded the pre-industrial level of 280 ppm by 15 - times (yes, fifteen times) without any known parallel dangerous global warming.