Sentences with phrase «times lower variability»
The output of this model is perfectly correlated with the output of Model 4, with the forecast having exactly two times lower variability.
https://www.researchaffiliates.com/ Not exact matches
While this leads to an elevation in the level of scientific understanding from very low in the TAR to low in this assessment, uncertainties remain large because of the lack of direct observations and incomplete understanding of solar variability mechanisms over long time scales.»
The very very last thing that I add in and sometimes it can be a good 12 - 15 weeks before I add in this component is chronic competitive motion where it's okay, we're actually going out to go on a bike ride or swim or run or something that is metabolic conditioning roadwork because that's the stuff in someone that is overtrained who often times has their parasympathetic nervous system really really beat up you know, if you test their heart rate variability, the number called there high frequency is really really consistently low you know usually because there are triathletes or marathoners that's more often I'm dealing with those people with adrenal fatigue than I am with like a cross fitter who's kind of an opposite sympathetic nervous system fatigue issue but with those parasympathetic nervous fatigue, the last thing we add back in is the swimming and the biking and the running because it's important to realize that when you're trying to recover from adrenal fatigue or overtraining, even if you're doing like an easy swim or an easy bike ride or an easy run, if you're a triathlete or a marathoner or a swimmer or a cyclist, those easy sessions send a message to your body that you're training, that you're running from a lion and you still get that hormonal depletion and it's so easy for you to just turn into a depletion session and so that's the very very last thing that I'll add back in so that's kinda like the crow's eye view of you know, the type of things that I'll implement in a program for overtraining recovery, you know and you know, this is something that people hire me to walk them through.
Bull markets that run to 19 or 20 times earnings, or above, most often coincide with low or declining levels of economic variability.
It shows that the longer the time span, the lower the variability - even for common stocks.
Earnings Variability (this is a proprietary CPMS metric that essentially measures how volatile a company's earnings are over time, lower scores preferred).
If one invokes low frequency natural variability to argue against a near term projection, one has to get the low frequency variation to operate at high frequency in order to act in time to counter the short term projection.
If we have some time to prepare, the combination of lowering all the discussed emissions, utilizing current technology to implement alternative energy sources, and engineering new twists on said technology to both continue lowering emissions and adapting to global climate changes as well, we may be able to guide our response sets to outside, artificial selective pressures in conjunction with natural ones; natural, internal variability and external forcings / feedbacks.
Finally, the amplitude of internal variability isn't independent of climate sensitivity, so it seems that by positing a mysterious source of high - amplitude, low - frequency variability and a low climate sensitivity, Judith wants to have her cake and eat it at the same time.
While this leads to an elevation in the level of scientific understanding from very low in the TAR to low in this assessment, uncertainties remain large because of the lack of direct observations and incomplete understanding of solar variability mechanisms over long time scales.»
We can walk and chew gum at the same time, so it seems possible to recognize simultaneously that (a) stabilizing carbon dioxide at a low level makes sense, (b) that regardless what we do on CO2 we need to pay careful attention to our vulnerabilities in the context of possible variability beyond our experience, and (c) we have to do both (a) and (b) at the same time while resisting the urge to view everything climate in terms of CO2.
But the evidence shows this can't be true; temperature changes before CO2 in every record of any duration for any time period; CO2 variability does not correlate with temperature at any point in the last 600 million years; atmospheric CO2 levels are currently at the lowest level in that period; in the 20th century most warming occurred before 1940 when human production of CO2 was very small; human production of CO2 increased the most after 1940 but global temperatures declined to 1985; from 2000 global temperatures declined while CO2 levels increased; and any reduction in CO2 threatens plant life, oxygen production, and therefore all life on the planet.
This criterion may not be satisfied if observations are available only over a short time period (as is the case for the vertical structure of clouds), or if the predictor is defined through low - frequency variability (trends, decadal variability), or if there is a lack of consistency among available datasets (as in the case for global - mean precipitation and surface fluxes).
Although substantial interdecadal variability is present in the time series, long - term decreases in upper - level cloud cover occur over land and ocean at low and middle latitudes in both hemispheres.
''... worked with two sediment cores they extracted from the seabed of the eastern Norwegian Sea, developing a 1000 - year proxy temperature record «based on measurements of δ18O in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, a planktonic foraminifer that calcifies at relatively shallow depths within the Atlantic waters of the eastern Norwegian Sea during late summer,» which they compared with the temporal histories of various proxies of concomitant solar activity... This work revealed, as the seven scientists describe it, that «the lowest isotope values (highest temperatures) of the last millennium are seen ~ 1100 - 1300 A.D., during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, and again after ~ 1950 A.D.» In between these two warm intervals, of course, were the colder temperatures of the Little Ice Age, when oscillatory thermal minima occurred at the times of the Dalton, Maunder, Sporer and Wolf solar minima, such that the δ18O proxy record of near - surface water temperature was found to be «robustly and near - synchronously correlated with various proxies of solar variability spanning the last millennium,» with decade - to century - scale temperature variability of 1 to 2 °C magnitude.»
Given that the model's low - frequency NAO variability is almost entirely internally - generated, and if the same is true for observations, then the chronologies of the simulated and observed NAO time series need not match.
``... examination of records of fast ice thickness and ice extent from four Arctic marginal seas (Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi) indicates that long - term trends are small and generally statistically insignificant, while trends for shorter records are not indicative of the long - term tendencies due to strong low - frequency variability in these time series, which places a strong limitation on our ability to resolve long - term trends....
«However, Fig. 15 and the associated uncertainties discussed in Section 3.4 show that long term estimates of time variable sea level acceleration in 203 year global reconstruction are significantly positive, which supports our previous finding (Jevrejeva et al., 2008a), that despite strong low frequency variability (larger than 60 years) the rate of sea level rise is increasing with time.»
Because weather patterns vary, causing temperatures to be higher or lower than average from time to time due to factors like ocean processes, cloud variability, volcanic activity, and other natural cycles, scientists take a longer - term view in order to consider all of the year - to - year changes.
But we know that the mechanisms responsible for the variation of Ts are different in internal variability on these time scales and in forced climate change, then my questions is that: is it possible that the spread in ECS might not be so directly caused by low - cloud feedback, although the low cloud feedback is a very good indictor for the model uncertainty?
«long term estimates of time variable sea level acceleration in 203 year global reconstruction are significantly positive, which supports our previous finding (Jevrejeva et al., 2008a), that despite strong low frequency variability (larger than 60 years) the rate of sea level rise is increasing with time.»
the goal of regional curve standardization is to remove a common age - related growth trend while preserving low frequency climate variability — to have any hope of estimating this you need a large number of trees whose actual period of growth was well - distributed over time.
The PDO / IPO has been described as a long - lived El Niño - like pattern of Indo - Pacific climate variability (Knutson and Manabe, 1998; Evans et al., 2001; Deser et al., 2004; Linsley et al., 2004) or as a low - frequency residual of ENSO variability on multi-decadal time scales (Newman et al., 2003).
The remaining slow drift to lower GMT and pCO2 over glacial time, punctuated by higher - frequency variability and the dust − climate feedbacks, may reflect the consequences of the growth of continental ice sheets via albedo increases (also from vegetation changes) and increased CO2 dissolution in the ocean from cooling.
The data and the statistical analysis does not provide the evidence that the so called «pause», a time period with a lower trend estimate than the longer - term trend estimate, was more than just a short - term fluctuation around the median warming trend, mostly due to short - term unforced internal variability in the Earth system (and some contribution from decreasing solar activity and increased reflecting aerosols in the atmosphere, counteracting the increased greenhose gas forcing to some degree), like the «acceleration» over the 16 - year period from 1992 to 2007 (e.g., UAH trend: 0.296 + / - 0.213 (2 sigma) deg.
Then they go on to try to remedy the resolution shortfall statistically: «Because the relatively low resolution and time uncertainty of our data sets should generally suppress higher - frequency temperature variability, an important question is whether the Holocene stack adequately represents centennial - or millennialscale variability.»
Although the calculations of 18 - year rates of GMSL rise based on the different reconstruction methods disagree by as much as 2 mm mm yr - 1 before 1950 and on details of the variability (Figure 3.14), all do indicate 18 - year trends that were significantly higher than the 20th century average at certain times (1920 — 1950, 1990 — present) and lower at other periods (1910 — 1920, 1955 — 1980), likely related to multidecadal variability.The IPCC AR5 found that it is likely that a sea level rise rate comparable to that since 1993 occurred between 1920 and 1950.
The oceanic effect is always dominant but the fact is that on 500 year timescales (not necessarily on shorter time scales due to interference from lesser cycles and chaotic variability) the sun is less active as per the Maunder Minimum and at the same the oceans were independently releasing energy at a low rate.
But it would have exactly the consequence that I said: the natural, preanthropogenic variability at the relevant time scale (decades, centuries, millennia), which is precisely related to the amplitude of the FT at this frequency, should be much lower than the observed signal.
A Lanczos low - pass filter removes variability at time scales smaller than 5 days to emphasize mean and low - frequency variability.
However, the long time scale variability in this reconstruction is determined by low - resolution proxy records that can not be rigorously calibrated against recent instrumental temperature data (Mann et al., 2005b).
It has enhanced variability, because averaging the reconstructions results in a redder time series (there is less common variance between the reconstructions at the higher frequencies compared with the lower frequencies, so the former averages out to leave a smoother curve) and the re-calibration is then more of a case of fitting a trend (over my calibration period 1881 - 1960) to the observed trend.»
Furthermore, a study investigating parasympathetic and sympathetic activity through the use of RSA in 12 patients with BPD and 28 healthy controls had ECG recorded for three 5 min stages (at rest or stressed) found BPD was associated with lower values of RSA suggesting increased levels of sympathetic activity and decreased levels of parasympathetic activity.33 Meyer et al recorded 5 min ECG signals on 27 participants with BPD, 23 in remission from BPD, 18 suffering from PTSD and 23 healthy controls.34 Significant differences were only found between PTSD participants and controls; however, BPD participants had reduced variability across linear time and frequency domain measures compared with controls.