Sentences with phrase «to acquire a mutation»

Because cancer cells acquire mutations in oncogenes — genes that can transform cells into cancer cells — to support their growth and survival, a great deal of research has focused on identifying oncogenes that could be targeted by cancer drugs.

Scientists have long thought that cancer is an evolutionary process that involves cells acquiring mutations that replicate and persist over time, gaining an advantage over normal cells.

Influenza viruses evolve by acquiring mutations in the viral genome or by a process called reassortment.

And then there was Shonnie, who must have acquired the mutation from her father.

In a separate study published on October 23 in PLOS Pathogens, a team of researchers — including Hensley — showed vaccine virus strains grown in chicken eggs also acquire a mutation that alters the structure of the same region important for human antibody binding.

Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria acquire mutations in particular genes that enable them to evade the action of antibiotics that would normally kill them.

The presence of the unusual set of mutations they found in their tissue samples, he says, suggests that while the origins of endometriosis are rooted in normal endometrial cells, acquired mutations changed their fate.

«Over time, the probability of these cells acquiring mutations rises.

«We began with stem cells taken from cord - blood, which have fewer acquired mutations and little, if any, epigenetic memory, which cells accumulate as time goes on,» says Zambidis, associate professor of oncology and pediatrics at the Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering and the Kimmel Cancer Center.

To find acquired mutations, the researchers performed genetic analyses on 140 stem cell lines — 26 of which were developed for therapeutic purposes using Good Manufacturing Practices, a quality control standard set by regulatory agencies in multiple countries.

However, a research team from the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Harvard Medical School (HMS), and the Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard has found that as stem cell lines grow in a lab dish, they often acquire mutations in the TP53 (p53) gene, an important tumor suppressor responsible for controlling cell growth and division.

«Cells in the lab, like cells in the body, acquire mutations all the time,» said McCarroll, co-corresponding author.

The genetically modified A / H5N1 virus acquired mutations during passage in ferrets, ultimately becoming airborne transmissible in ferrets.

Notably parasites along the Thailand - Myanmar border appear to have acquired this mutation separately from those in Cambodia and Vietnam.

Interpretation: A single acquired mutation of JAK2 was noted in more than half of patients with a myeloproliferative disorder.

The Cancer Genome Project uses high - throughput genome sequencing to identify these somatically acquired mutations with the aim of characterising cancer genes, mutational processes and patterns of clonal evolution in human tumours.

Thompson believes that many pre-cancerous cells would never acquire the mutations that turn them into malignant tumors if they weren't being driven by insulin to take up more and more blood sugar and metabolize it.»

Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi can evade treatment by acquiring mutations in the genes targeted by antibiotics or antifungal drugs.

«It could be that the virus previously had little access to urban populations, but on the way to getting that access it also acquired mutations that increased its transmission.»

Rifampin resistant TB arises when TB bacteria acquire mutations that alter the binding site for rifampin on the enzyme it inhibits in TB bacteria, Mtb RNA polymerase (Mtb RNAP).

«This suggests that cancer cells that acquire mutations in genes that drive apoptosis will lose sensitivity to BET inhibitors and thus will be able to survive treatment, leading to disease relapse.»

Through a process called clonal evolution, tumor cells acquire mutations and undergo natural selection for growth advantages.

As these cells change, they can acquire mutations that can result in further progression to pancreatic cancer, says senior author Peter Storz, Ph.D., a biochemist and molecular biologist at Mayo Clinic.

In addition, sometimes the receptor itself has an inherited or acquired mutation that triggers production of too many or too few hormones.

«With these viruses, you will never know if and when they mutate and if it will acquire mutations that will be a cause of concern,» he says.

Since December, an outbreak of swine flu in India has killed more than 1,200 people, and a new MIT study suggests that the strain has acquired mutations that make it more dangerous than previously circulating strains of H1N1 influenza.

Prostate cancer researchers have mapped the impact of an acquired mutation that alters epigenetic identity, the make - up of DNA, in about 50 % of patient tumour samples.

The research shows how an acquired mutation involving the fusion of two genes (TMPRSS2 and ERG) can change the epigenetic identity of tumours leading to some genes being turned on while others are turned off, says Dr. Mathieu Lupien, corresponding author and Senior Scientist at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and a member of its Cancer Epigenetics Program, a team focused on breaking the code of cancer.

«While we expected to find some mutations in stem cell lines, we were surprised to find that about five percent of the stem cell lines we analyzed had acquired mutations in a tumor - suppressing gene called p53,» said Merkle.

Mooi sequenced the genomes of today's B. pertussis strains and found they have acquired mutations in each of the proteins used to make the acellular vaccines.

Basically, «in acquiring that mutation, the vaccine looks like a triangle, but the viruses that are circulating look like a circle,» Hensley says.

Besides its potential for future disease prevention, the researchers think their mutation prevention system could more immediately be used to help the biotech industry protect large - scale cultures from acquiring mutations that render them unproductive or prone to contaminations, and to study microbial evolution.

As a result, these cells would be expected to be prone to acquiring mutations that lead to cancer if they managed to stay alive.

This type of deep sequencing lets researchers search for minor variants in a virus that can acquire mutations and ultimately take over.

To cross the species barrier and establish themselves in the human population, influenza strains must acquire mutations that allow them to evade components of the human immune system, including, perhaps, the innate immune protein MxA.

Since many plants have an FLS2 receptor, several bacterial species have acquired mutations in the flg22 portion of their flagellin, and these mutations alter the flagellin shape so that FLS2 can no longer recognize it.

«This is really important because it's known that stem cells are often the cells in the intestine that acquire the mutations that go on to give rise to tumors,» Yilmaz says.

«Not only do you have more of the traditional stem cells (on a high - fat diet), but now you have non-stem-cell populations that have the ability to acquire mutations that give rise to tumors.»

By conducting an RNA - sequencing experiment of 103 matched tumour and normal colon mucosa samples from Danish CRC patients, 90 of which were germline - genotyped, researchers from the collaborative European project SYSCOL show that both inherited and acquired mutations in non-coding regions of the genome also contribute to cancer development and progression (Linda Koch, Nature Reviews Genetics).

So are many strains of influenza, including the highly lethal bird flus that — should they acquire mutations that make them more infectious to humans — could kill millions.

Three leukemias that affect as many as 100,000 people in the United States are all caused by acquired mutations that alter a specific enzyme controlling blood cell proliferation, according to new...

However, we have found that loss of 53BP1 also results in DNA replication stress and this provides a new avenue for treating those cancers that have acquired these mutations.

In more than 75 % of cases of RARS, the bone marrow cells have acquired a mutation in one particular gene called SF3B1.