They claim that aerosols will significantly
affect temperatures in the future and models will be inaccurate if this is not considered (seems obvious enough to me).
It is unclear whether this issue of incorrect calibration — essentially what this blog post is all about — has significantly
affected temperature trends.
It would have to have an effect that prevents any other known causal factors from also
affecting temperatures over the period in question.
It is very important for the climate because this gas can form particles that can become clouds and then
later affect temperature and precipitation.
Which molecules are found in the atmosphere on aerosols will determine whether they absorb or reflect sunlight,
affecting the temperature of the planet.
Moreover, CDR techniques can
affect temperatures via SRM mechanisms too: afforestation — at least in higher latitudes — reduces albedo, producing offsetting warming, while OIF releases dimethyl sulphides which could have a significant impact on temperatures by reflecting incoming sunlight (analogous to, if more short - lived, than the effect of sulphates in the stratosphere).
This shouldn't
affect the temperature enough that you'll need to reheat it, but if it does, just pop it back onto the hob on a low heat for a minute or two.