The first in question is the world's first industrial scale facility to
produce biofuels from municipal solid waste.
Of course we are not going to
produce biofuels in quantities to provide one to one replacement for fossil fuels.
Such organisms are already churning out insulin and other drug ingredients,
helping produce biofuels, teaching scientists about human disease and improving fishing and agriculture.
Recently, new plant species have been tested that grow well on marginal lands and could
therefore produce biofuels without directly competing with valuable lands.
Some new techniques
for producing biofuels include the production of cellulosic ethanol made from inedible and wasted parts of feedstocks, such as plant stems, leaves and stalks, wood residues such as straw, sawdust and papermill scraps and other agricultural waste.
Another route to relatively guilt - free travel is the approach taken by Sir Richard Branson, who is trying to develop
sustainably produced biofuels suitable for jet engines.
Other ways
of producing biofuels in the tropics — on degraded lands, former agricultural areas and so on — are clearly possible, and could have tremendous environmental, economic and social benefits.»
In their focus
on producing biofuels from cellulosic biomass (i.e., wood, grasses and the inedible parts of plants), the BRCs are developing a portfolio of new bio-based products, methods and tools for use in the biofuels industry.
Venter's quest for synthetic life ultimately aims to create purpose - built organisms that can carry out specific roles, such
as producing biofuels or even making hydrogen.
«It's tempting to use corn stover because it's already there — farmers who grow corn don't have to plant another crop to
produce biofuel feedstock,» Khanna said.
To solve my conflict, I hope Sir Richard Branson hurry up to develop sustainably
produced biofuels suitable for jet engines let me and let many people fly to participate meaningful activitys.
Some new techniques for
producing biofuels include the production of cellulosic ethanol made from inedible and wasted parts of feedstocks, like plant stems, leaves and stalks; wood residues such as straw, sawdust and papermill scraps and other agricultural waste.
The companies say the center will
begin producing biofuels and bioenergy in 2012, and will create 175 jobs during the construction process and 50 jobs when the center is completed.
In addition the plants that are eventually used to
produce biofuel pull carbon from the atmosphere as they grow, contributing to greener overall production process.
Sewage, or more specifically sewage sludge, has long been viewed as a poor ingredient for
producing biofuel because it's too wet.
But scientists — who want to harness the potential of cells as living computers that can respond to disease,
efficiently produce biofuels or develop plant - based chemicals — don't want to wait for evolution to craft their desired cellular system.
Jonathan Trent, the lead researcher on the project at NASA's Ames Research Center in California, said the effort has three goals:
Produce biofuels with few resources in a confined area, help cleanse municipal wastewater, and sequester emissions of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide that are produced along the way.
When you account for these factors, corn ethanol — currently the most
widely produced biofuel in the United States — generates about 43 percent less carbon dioxide than gasoline.
Francis Arnold, another Caltech energy scientist, has a vision to artificially create enzymes by directed evolution synthesis using DNA technology to
produce biofuels much more efficiently.
And the idea itself has an elegance that is rare in the energy field, which is the creation of an essentially closed loop solar powered
plant producing biofuels that could be used for transportation or grid power production.
By adding irrigation water, some degraded or dry lands might
produce biofuels while avoiding this competition with food and carbon storage.
Topics include scenario planning, resource modeling, community and stakeholder input processes, and analysis of
locally produced biofuels, wind and solar energy opportunities (both distributed and large scale), battery storage, and other renewable energy options.
But the climate benefit is negligible: according to the International Institute for Sustainable Development, deforestation, fertiliser, and fossil fuels used in
producing biofuels offset about 90 per cent of the «saved» carbon dioxide.
Instead of feeding cereals to livestock, the report recommends «recycling food wastes and deploying new technologies, aimed
at producing biofuels, to produce sugars from discards such as straw and even nutshells could be a key environmentally - friendly alternative to increased use of cereals for livestock.»
There are a number of companies trying to
produce a biofuel alternative to petroleum - based aviation fuels, and a number of airlines have made biofuel test flights using various mixtures of biofuels, but none are yet available in commercial quantities.
With the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, he leads research on bio-designing yeast to improve the economics of
sustainably produced biofuels.
In practical terms, that means that the amount of time it takes to payback the carbon debt
of producing biofuel on that land to replace fossil fuels is even greater than we thought; and pretty much makes palm oil biodiesel produced in such conditions worse than petroleum - based diesel.
Companies that rely
on producing biofuels and / or synthetic hydrocarbon fuels as a pathway to carbon removal will face increasing economic challenges with low oil prices.
Synthetic biologists aim to redesign bacterial cells for useful ends, such
as producing biofuels or creating new types of medicines.
To put these numbers in perspective, USDA has estimated that in 2007, about 21 million acres were used worldwide to
produce biofuel feedstocks, an area that would occupy somewhere between 0.4 % and 4 % of the world's estimated idle cropland.
Letter challenges unrealistic promises from an unsustainable industry United States — A diverse alliance of organizations published an open letter today in the U.S. and internationally warning of the dangers of
industrially produced biofuels (called agrofuels by critics).
The components of algae are suitable not only
for producing biofuels but also pigments, cosmetics components or hydrogels.
Fulcrum's Macias told the New York Times that the company will be able to
produce its biofuel for «a lot less than» $ 1 a gallon.
A new collaboration between bio-bean and Shell is
producing biofuel from coffee waste to help power London's bus network.
He is collaborating with Exxon Mobil to
produce biofuels from algae and with Novartis to create vaccines.
Bolsen explained that it may not be ready to carry out the company's dream to
produce a biofuel.
Burning food crops for power is the worst use of scarce land imaginable, and has already led to a situation where there is a direct conflict between food and energy: a significant proportion of the food - price spike in 2008 (and a further spike in early 2011), which led to widespread hunger and bread riots in many poorer countries, was driven by crops being withdrawn from international markets to
produce biofuels for transport.
It's true that those of us who think like this are in a minority, caught between those who don't worry about the environmental costs of bioethanol and those who claim it is impossible to
produce biofuels sustainably.
Two studies in the latest issue of the journal Science say that
producing biofuels may actually produce more carbon dioxide than we would with conventional fuel.
By altering how plants turn sunlight into chemical energy, scientists hope to
produce biofuels that make economic sense
Along with discussing the potential benefits — such as making seed vaccines in a day and
producing biofuels — some debated whether Venter's part - artificial bacterium is a major advance or simply an extension of existing DNA technologies.