That is why, in spite of the encouraging results of this research, the conclusion is that «the most effective method of preventing lung cancer is still the reduction of
tobacco consumption among the population».
A polymorphism (rs1051730) in proximity to the cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 3 (CHRNA3) gene is associated with higher
tobacco consumption among smokers and can therefore be used as a genetic proxy for high tobacco consumption.
Not exact matches
The primary reasons these teens admitted to using e-cigarettes were expeditious
consumption and easy concealment, high social approval
among peers, beliefs that e-cigarettes are healthier as well as more aesthetically pleasing compared to
tobacco cigarettes, and a safe high.
Although coffee
consumption was inversely associated with diabetes, it was also positively associated with a number of behaviors that are considered unhealthy and are associated with an increased risk of death, such as
tobacco smoking, 35
consumption of red meat, 36 and heavy alcohol use.37
Tobacco smoking was the strongest confounder in the multivariate analysis, and the inverse association between coffee
consumption and mortality tended to be stronger
among persons who had never smoked or were former smokers than
among those who were current smokers, suggesting that residual confounding by smoking status, if present, attenuated the inverse associations between coffee drinking and mortality in our study.
Wikipedia: Prevalence of
tobacco consumption In Western countries, smoking is more prevalent
among populations with mental health problems, with alcohol and drug problems,
among criminals, and
among the homeless... Of the 1.22 billion smokers, 1 billion of them live in developing or transitional economies.