Our pooled analysis did not provide evidence of a higher risk of mortality for
total meat intake and provided evidence of an inverse association with red meat, poultry, and fish / seafood.
Here's the title of the accompanying editorial in the American Medical Association's Archives of Internal Medicine: «Reducing Meat Consumption Has Multiple Benefits for the World's Health,» calling for «a major reduction in
total meat intake.»
I eat about 80 % primal (i allow a bit of sway for protein supplements and cheeses / creams), but I was wanting to go over my diet and figure out how much I need to supplement given the amount of red meat I eat, if i could eat salmon for half my meals I most certainly would but in my current situation I'm stuck with beef compromising at least 70 % of
my total meat intake followed by chicken and what fish I can get in there.
Not exact matches
It's the
intake of these
meats that are more related to cancer risk than
total red
meat intake alone.
While findings for U.S. and European populations differed somewhat, the data found the steepest rise in mortality at the smallest increases of
intake of
total red
meat.
«When comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of white
meat intake, there was an inverse association for
total mortality, and cancer mortality, as well as all other deaths for both men (Table 2) and women (Table 3).
Meat intake means increases in
total mortality, cancer mortality, and cardiovascular mortality.
In the illustrations that accompany this Harvard study it says that the study was «adjusted for age; race; body - mass index; level of physical activity; status with regard to smoking, whether a physical examination was performed for screening purposes, current multivitamin use, and current aspirin use; status with regard to a family history of diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, or cancer; status with regard to a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia;
intake of
total energy, alcohol, RED OR PROCESSED
MEAT, fruits, and vegetables; and, for women, menopausal status and hormone use.»
Meat intake may increase
total mortality according to the massive NIH - AARP study (the largest forward looking study of diet and health in history).
With regard to the dietary factors, alcohol
intake was positively associated with
intake of red
meats, poultry, and high - fat dairy products; inversely associated with
intake of whole grains, refined grains, low - fat dairy products,
total and subgroup fats, carbohydrates, and fiber; and unassociated with fruit, vegetable, and protein
intake.
Model adjusted for age, race, baseline BMI, randomized treatment, nonalcohol energy
intake, physical activity level, smoking status, postmenopausal status, postmenopausal hormone use, multivitamin use, history of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, and
intake of fruit and vegetables, whole grains, refined grains, red
meats and poultry, low - fat dairy products, high - fat dairy products, energy - adjusted
total fat, carbohydrates, and fiber.
The largest study ever indicated that
meat intake may increase
total mortality, the risk of developing diabetes and prediabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, heart disease, cataracts, fibromyalgia, lymphoma, metabolic syndrome, and many other common diseases.
Also, why did traditional Eskimo populations, consuming up to 75 % of their
total caloric
intake from fat (mostly from whale blubber, seal fat, organ
meats, and cold water fish), display superior health and longevity without heart disease or obesity?
Interestingly, those who ate mostly
meat and fried foods and drank alcohol did not have a higher risk of death than those who ate healthy food after the researchers took into account other factors that could affect the results, such as age, gender, race, education, physical activity and
total calorie
intake.
In the following the scientist gives his explanation how to reverse it: «These new insights into Western diet - mediated mTORC1 - hyperactivity provide a rational basis for dietary intervention in acne by attenuating mTORC1 signaling by reducing (1)
total energy
intake, (2) hyperglycemic carbohydrates, (3) insulinotropic dairy proteins and (4) leucine - rich
meat and dairy proteins.
He finds the best diet strategy is not to lower
total fat, but to severely restrict saturated fats (animal fats from
meat and dairy) and to get near zero
intake of trans fats.
Replacing
meat and dairy with soy would also lower
total cholesterol
intake by about 125 milligrams per day and saturated fat by about 2.4 grams per day.
In relation to CVD, elevated blood pressure has been shown to be positively associated with higher
intakes of red and processed
meat, even though the mechanism is unclear, except that possibly
meat may substitute for other beneficial foods such as grains, fruits, or vegetables.32 Mean plasma
total cholesterol, low - density lipoprotein cholesterol, very - low - density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were found to be decreased in subjects who substituted red
meat with fish.33, 34 Vegetarians have lower arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acid levels and higher linoleate and antioxidant levels in platelet phospholipids; such a biochemical profile may be related to decreased atherogenesis and thrombogenesis.34 - 36
The variety bean consumers had lower
intakes of
meat and added sugars, whereas the baked bean consumers had lower
intakes of
total grains, whole grains, and vegetables and higher
intakes of added sugars.
Insufficient evidence (≤ 2 criteria) of association is present for
intake of supplementary vitamin E and ascorbic acid (vitamin C); saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids;
total fat; α - linolenic acid;
meat; eggs; and milk.
In addition, we found modest evidence to support a causal relationship for
intake of fish, marine ω - 3 fatty acids, folate, whole grains, dietary vitamins E and C and beta carotene, alcohol, fruits, and fiber, and weak evidence of causation for
intake of supplementary vitamin E and ascorbic acid, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and
total fat, α - linolenic acid,
meat, eggs, and milk.
When comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of white
meat intake, there was an inverse association for
total mortality and cancer mortality, as well as all other deaths for both men (Table 2) and women (Table 3).
Weak evidence (≤ 2 criteria) is present for protective factors, including
intake of supplementary vitamin E and ascorbic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids, α - linolenic acid, eggs, and milk, and for harmful factors, including
intake of
meat, saturated fatty acids, and
total fat.
Several studies show
meat intake to be a breast cancer risk factor, even when confounding factors, such as
total caloric
intake and
total fat
intake, are controlled.22, 23 Part of the reason may be that
meat becomes a source of carcinogens and / or mutagens, such as HCAs, that are formed while cooking
meat at high temperatures.