This is because their digestive systems are not designed to break down
the tough cellulose of plants.
Fiber is the parts of plant foods that your digestive system isn't able to break down —
the tough cellulose and other polysaccharides that makes up the structures of plants.
Now, Brazil hopes to tap into a new biofuel source: second - generation ethanol, produced from
the tough cellulose in plant stalks.
Finding a cost - effective method for breaking down
the tough cellulose in plant matter to produce ethanol has been a tough challenge, involving both innovations in chemistry and in field operations like the baling feeder developed by Woodford.
This process wilts it's
tough cellulose structure, giving it a soft, silky texture and mellows it's bitter flavour to reveal a sweeter side that's normally only accessible through long cooking.
This improves the texture and flavour of the kale by breaking down it's
tough cellulose structure.
This process breakdowns the kale
tough cellulose structure.
Not exact matches
The problem is that the sugar is accessible only after it is chemically converted from the
tough molecules that make up the walls of plant cells: fibrous
cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.
Perhaps more importantly, the researchers have also imported genes that allow E. coli to secrete enzymes that break down the
tough material that makes up the bulk of plants —
cellulose, specifically hemicellulose — and produce the sugar needed to fuel this process.
From the gut's perspective, digesting chitin is as big a challenge as
cellulose, the
tough stuff that cows tackle with multiple stomachs and cud - chewing.
In May a team of researchers announced a new «nanopaper» — made of tightly woven nanosize
cellulose threads — proven in lab tests to be stronger and
tougher than cast iron.
While the hemicellulose material is easily dissolved by a process known as dilute acid - catalyzed hydrolysis, the
cellulose is
tougher and remains solid.
Iogen Corporation has furthered this technology by developing enzymes to convert
tough, sugar - bearing
cellulose in inexpensively produced agricultural waste into ethanol (opposite page, top).
To minimize any impacts on food supplies, the investigators then sought out genes from other bacterial species that can break down
cellulose, the
tough material that makes up the bulk of plants but is not fit for human consumption.
The
cellulose gene may eventually be useful in developing new, high - fiber products, but don't look for
tougher clothes or stronger two - by - fours anytime soon.
At his institute, agronomists will work on identifying or creating the fuel crop of the future, while bio-prospectors will hunt for enzymes that quickly convert
tough, indigestible
cellulose into sugar.
Endeavor to eat more
cellulose fibers, present in the
tough parts of veggies and fruit (think of broccoli stalks, the bottom of asparagus, kale stems, and orange pulp).
In the raw state grains are indigestible due to the
tough,
cellulose - containing cell walls that surround the nutrients and make them unavailable to human digestive enzymes.
I love corn for the digestive lesson it gives us — what goes in must come out — and those
tough little
cellulose casings can't be broken down by our digestive acids.
Cellulose is a
tough fiber made from glucose.
Researchers in Kyoto claim they've come up with a microfibrilliant
cellulose - based material that's as
tough as metal...