Sentences with phrase «trabecular bone»

Some (8 per cent) of the treated women even experienced a significant increase in trabecular bone density.

Example of longitudinal changes in trabecular bone volume fraction (BV / TV) and trabecular number (Tb.N) for Sham and OVX groups.

Comparison of the differentiation potential of cell populations isolated from human lipoaspirate, trabecular bone tissue and periosteal tissue.

Figure 8A shows the concave surface of a vascular canal in trabecular bone.

Branching, transparent tube - like structures that match the porosity of the trabecular bone.

The effect of glucocorticoid treatment is most prominent on trabecular bone and is therefore likely to be larger on vertebral bone than on hip bone.3 Glucocorticoids are associated with an increased rate of fracture, and higher doses and longer use of glucocorticoids are associated with higher risks of fracture.4 Compared with patients not taking glucocorticoids, the risk of hip and vertebral fracture among patients taking glucocorticoids is increased by 60 % and 160 %, respectively.4 Among 80 - year - old patients, the hip fracture risk is increased by a magnitude of 2.1 and is independent of BMD.5 Most studies indicate that fracture risk is increased following at least 3 months of treatment with daily doses of 5 mg of prednisolone or more in older men and women.4

Cortical and trabecular bone distributions correlate with habitual joint positions adopted by each species, and thus have potential for interpreting joint position in fossil hominoids.

Trabecular bone remodels quickly during life and can reflect the actual behaviour of individuals in their lifetime.

Differences in dorsiflexion at the talocrural joint and in degree of mobility at the talonavicular joint are reflected in the distribution of cortical and trabecular bone.

Using automated morphological filters, the cortical bone is defined and extracted from the underlying trabecular structure to create two 3D models, one of the cortex and one of the trabecular bone that can be analysed separately.

Here we show that Australopithecus africanus (~ 3 to 2 million years ago) and several Pleistocene hominins, traditionally considered not to have engaged in habitual tool manufacture, have a human - like trabecular bone pattern in the metacarpals consistent with forceful opposition of the thumb and fingers typically adopted during tool use.

The research, titled «Human - like hand use in Australopithecus africanus, shows that Australopithecus africanus,» a 3 - 2 million - year - old species from South Africa traditionally considered not to have engaged in habitual tool manufacture, has a human - like trabecular bone pattern in the bones of the thumb and palm (the metacarpals) consistent with forceful opposition of the thumb and fingers typically adopted during tool use.

Objectives: Internal bone structure, both cortical and trabecular bone, remodels in response to loading and may provide important information regarding behavior.

One innovative aspect of the study was the measurement of bone texture of the lumbar spine using trabecular bone score (TBS)- the first use of this technique in adolescent athletes.

When the team scanned hand bones from four members of A. africanus that lived in South Africa between 2 million and 3 million years ago, they found that the pattern of the trabecular bone was asymmetrical, as in modern humans and Neandertals that use tools frequently (as they also show in their study).

Natural materials, such as trabecular bone and the toes of geckoes, have evolved with multiple levels 3 - D architectures spanning from the nanoscale to the macroscale.

Based on the scan results, the women were assigned a Trabecular Bone Score assessing the quality of their underlying bone structure.

Researchers determined distal radius cortical and trabecular bone microstructure by HR - pQCT, together with areal BMD (aBMD) by DXA.

The small increase in the high - dose group did not translate into beneficial effects because authors found no difference between the three study groups for changes in spine, average total - hip, average femoral neck or total - body bone mineral density, trabecular bone score, muscle mass or sit - to - stand tests.

Additionally, the diabetic mice had considerably lower spongy bone mass, known as trabecular bone, making it easy to fracture.

Not exact matches

Discussion: Overall, quantified trabecular parameters represent overall differences in bone strength between the two species, however, DA may be directly related to joint loading.

Traditional analyses have quantified cortical or trabecular structure in only selected regions of a bone, such as single cross-sections of cortical bone or volumes of interest of trabecular structure in epiphyses.

Materials and methods: We apply a whole - bone / epiphysis approach to analyze trabecular and cortical bone in the distal tibia and talus of Pan troglodytes and Homo sapiens.

We quantify bone volume fraction (BV / TV), degree of anisotropy (DA), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone surface to volume ratio (BS / BV), and cortical thickness and investigate the distribution of BV / TV and cortical thickness throughout the bone / epiphysis.

Recently published findings suggest that WBV increases trabecular and cortical bone mass in db / db mice (44), but these effects differ from the modest skeletal responses observed after exercise and WBV in the current study.

We test the sensitivity of the morphological parameters used to create these 3D models, demonstrating that the parameters defined here are robust and can provide accurate measures of cortical thickness, relative bone density, trabecular orientation, trabecular thickness and degree of anisotropy.

ICS offers new capabilities for analysing bone dynamics including both in vivo and ex vivo analysis of trabecular and cortical bone structures by MicroCT.

Accelerated rates of bone growth and bone remodeling act in concert to produce a pattern of epiphyseal spongiosa that is composed of fine trabecular systems that are spaced relatively far apart and that are ultimately less strong per unit area than in small breeds of dogs.