The Greenland ice sheet is shrinking.2, 3,4,5 Ice sheets grow through snowfall, and shrink through surface melting, water runoff, breakup into the ocean (calving), and direct
transformation into water vapor (sublimation).
Losses from surface melting,
water runoff, the breakup of glaciers
into the ocean (calving), and the
transformation of solid ice
into water vapor (sublimation) exceed any gains through snowfall.2, 3,4,5 The Greenland ice sheet loses most of its mass on the perimeter, through a dozen fast - moving glaciers, including Helheim.5, 6