Current alternatives to the Keystone XL for
transporting tar sands oil are on a much smaller scale, in much earlier stages of development, and in many cases face such significant opposition that they are unlikely to move ahead in the next five to 10 years if at all.»
All of these characteristics make
transporting tar sands crude by pipeline much more dangerous than conventional crude, and is something decision makers must carefully consider when they review permits for the growing network of new and repurposed tar sands pipelines that will run through or near hundreds of communities and thousands of streams, rivers, wetlands, lakes and aquifers in British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, New Hampshire, Vermont, Maine, Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas.
Tar sands oil not only exceeds conventional petroleum, but the energy used in mining, processing, and
transporting tar sands oil makes it slightly worse — in terms of CO2 produced per unit energy — than coal.
State made several flawed assumptions in its environmental review, including 1) an unrealistically low cost for
transporting tar sands by rail from Alberta to Texas, 2) an inaccurate estimate of tar sands production costs and 3) an unrealistic assumption that tar sands production costs will not increase with rising labor, material and energy prices.
TransCanada announced on Thursday a two - year delay in the completion of its proposed Energy East pipeline, which would
transport tar sands oil across Canada from Alberta to New Brunswick.
We still are studying the «best» ways to
transport tar sands and its inconclusive how long a pipeline will last with the corrosion and pressure caused from transporting bitumenous oil.
The issue at hand today is around the usage of a 62 - year - old pipeline, currently transporting regular crude from Portland to Montreal, to
transport tar sands from Montreal to Portland, reversing the flow.
According to a thirty - year - old law in the US, diluted bitumen coming from the Alberta tar sands is not classified as oil, meaning pipeline operators planning to
transport tar sands crude across the United States are exempt from paying into the federal Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund.
Enbridge wants to build a pipeline to
transport tar sands oil, also known as bitumen, from northern Alberta to Kitimat, B.C..
The proposed Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipeline, which would
transport the tar sands oil to Canada's west coast, would likely face opposition from environmentalists in Canada in addition to possible legal challenges from more than 100 First Nations in Western Canada.
It began operating in 2010 and
transports tar sands crude from Alberta to Cushing and Patoka, Ill..
TransCanada's proposed Energy East Pipeline would
transport tar sands crude from Alberta, through Ontario and Quebec, and as far as New Brunswick's Irving Oil Ltd. refinery and port of Saint John.
There is an escalating tension in Canada between the Albertan and British Columbian (B.C) Governments over the disputed Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Pipeline, which is due to
transport tar sands from Alberta to the B.C Coast.
Not exact matches
Such diluents are essential in helping to market and
transport Venezuela's
tar - like heavy crude, he added.
Kinder Morgan is an oil pipeline, meaning it serves customers who want to
transport their products from the
tar sands to international markets.
One pipe would carry
tar sands - produced petroleum from Edmonton to Kitimat, where it would then be
transported to tankers.
Energy giant TransCanada originally proposed the Keystone XL pipeline to
transport 800,000 barrels daily of
tar sands oil through five states from Alberta, Canada, 1,700 miles to Gulf of Mexico refineries in Texas.
This portion will carry
tar sands oil from Hardisty, Alberta, to Cushing, Oklahoma, where other pipelines will
transport it to Gulf of Mexico refineries and ports.
The break - even price of
tar sands oil is around $ 100 per barrel if
transported by rail, according to Anthony Swift, a staff attorney at NRDC (which publishes
Local environmental groups oppose the
transport of
tar sands crude, which is extremely difficult to clean up, and which they say poses a risk to the Hudson River, Lake Champlain and other areas where railroad tracks run along the shoreline.
Since it received permission to increase the amont of oil it
transports, Global has also sought to add a crude oil heater that would allow it to bring in thick
tar sands.
State Commissioner of Police, Fatai Owoseni, disclosed this when he paraded one Prince Masenenger
Tar as the suspected trafficker who was conveying the 23 people out of the state in an 18 - seater bus belonging to the Benue State
Transport Company known as Benue Links.
The Keystone XL pipeline would have
transported the dirtiest and most expensive type of petroleum from
tar sands in Alberta, Canada, to US refineries in the Gulf of Mexico.
In a surprise move, the president also weighed in on the controversial Keystone XL pipeline, planned to
transport oil from Canada's
tar sands to refineries on the Gulf of Mexico — suggesting that it will go ahead only if it causes no increase in carbon emissions.
ExxonMobil admitted that the pipeline had been used to
transport a molasses - like form of crude extracted from
tar sands in Canada.
It would
transport 830,000 barrels of crude oil per day from the Canadian
tar sands to refineries near Houston.
This week, two dozen puppies and dogs made the 900 mile trek from North Carolina to Massachusetts, as the Animal Rescue League of Boston (ARL) expanded its network of
transport partners to the
Tar Heel state.
12 % of US Daily Crude Imports Done by Enbridge Enbridge Energy is intimately connected with expanding production of oil from the Alberta
tar sands and delivering it to the United States — their 2009 annual report states that they
transport 71 % of western Canadian crude exports, satisfying 12 % of US daily crude oil imports.
While options remain open (the possibility of doing more upgrading in Alberta and the use of existing pipelines and rail
transport to the US) nixing KXL will be a significant impediment to accelerated development of the
tar sands in the medium term and an increase in the chance that the Athabasca bitumen will stay in the ground for ever.
Tar sands can corrode pipelines more quickly, making it more dangerous to
transport.
And pipeline experts suspect the makeup of the
tar sands oil or dilbit Exxon was
transporting played a role, as well:
The spill and its aftermath has not just shaken an Arkansas town, but has also sparked continued debate over the controversial
tar sands oil and how
transporting this oil via pipelines puts communities and the climate at risk.
According to a thirty - year - old law in the US, diluted bitumen coming from the Alberta
tar sands is not classified as oil, meaning pipeline operators planning to
transport the corrosive substance across the US — with proposed pipelines like the Keystone XL — are exempt from paying into the federal Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund.
«The
tar sands threat to Europe `: briefing from Friends of the Earth Europe,
Transport and Environment and Greenpeace, January 2014.
Tar sands, one of the dirtiest fossil fuels in commercial production, would undermine European climate policies on
transport fuels.
«Nearly three years after the Kalamazoo river spill,
tar sands pipeline companies are pushing ahead with major expansion plans without doing due diligence of the risks associated with
tar sands diluted bitumen
transport on pipelines....
He claimed that reliance on railroads to move
tar sands oil meant that less rail capacity was available to
transport coal and other things.
In its most recent environmental review, the State Department is repeating its argument that the Keystone XL
tar sands pipeline will have limited impact on greenhouse gas emissions because rail
transport is an economically feasible alternative.
In its analysis, State relies on statistics that pertain to rail
transport of shale oil from North Dakota but that do not apply to Alberta's
tar sands.
Climate simulations including atmospheric aerosols with chemical
transport have greatly improved since the
TAR.
This briefing finds that the
transport of
tar sands oil through pipelines in the United States is exempt from payments into the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund, which creates a free ride worth over $ 375 million to
tar sands oil producers between 2010 and 2017.
The reality is that even with cheap pipeline
transport and weak regulation,
tar sands production is economically marginal.
Obama also addressed what has been perhaps the biggest issue of contention between his administration and climate activists: The pending decision whether to permit construction of the Keystone XL pipeline to
transport larger volumes of oil from Canada's
tar sands to the refining centers of Texas.
European drivers will be forced to fill up their tanks with
tar sands that will raise emissions — not lower them — and push up the costs of decarbonisation by billions of euros,» added Laura Buffet of
Transport & Environment.
Transporting toxic crude oil — and
tar sands in particular — is inherently dangerous, more so because oil companies care about profit, not public safety.
The SEIS concluded that, with or without the KXL pipeline, the Canadian
tar sands will be extracted and
transported to market, whether by rail or via an alternative pipeline through Canada.
It is difficult to see how developing,
transporting, and refining the
tar sands would be anywhere near the most economical (let alone environmentally acceptable) option for burning a strictly limited quantity of fossil fuel while expediting a phase - out.
All of these characteristics (except for the ocean temperature) have been used in SAR and
TAR IPCC (Houghton et al. 1996; 2001) reports for model - data inter-comparison: we considered as tolerable the following intervals for the annual means of the following climate characteristics which encompass corresponding empirical estimates: global SAT 13.1 — 14.1 °C (Jones et al. 1999); area of sea ice in the Northern Hemisphere 6 — 14 mil km2 and in the Southern Hemisphere 6 — 18 mil km2 (Cavalieri et al. 2003); total precipitation rate 2.45 — 3.05 mm / day (Legates 1995); maximum Atlantic northward heat
transport 0.5 — 1.5 PW (Ganachaud and Wunsch 2003); maximum of North Atlantic meridional overturning stream function 15 — 25 Sv (Talley et al. 2003), volume averaged ocean temperature 3 — 5 °C (Levitus 1982).
The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would
transport 880,000 barrels of raw, toxic
tar sands oil right across the Oglala Aquifer and Lakota territory, and down through the American heartland — from Alberta, Canada to refineries in Texas per day.
This pipeline
transports bitumen - loaded
tar sands oil, which is more corrosive than oil extracted through other methods — which means much higher risk of leaks.