Although there is not yet proof the warming was
triggered by the methane release, Cossey said the timing fits.
Time was of the essence as California governor Jerry Brown declared a state of emergency with the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC), California Energy Commission and California Independent System Operator (CAISO) clubbing together to address the energy shortages
triggered by the methane leak.
Not exact matches
It is entirely possible that a random
triggering event or series of events (lightning or some form of electricity charging a primordial soup of
methane, ammonia, etc.; bombardment
by cosmic radiation and other hypothetically random occurrences) was the occasion through which a whole new dimension, that of the biosphere, flooded onto the terrestrial scene.
Changes in ocean currents, Kennett says,
triggered the
methane bursts
by channeling warmer water over continental slopes, as at Storegga.
Since
methane is a greenhouse gas 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide, such a scenario would
trigger a «climate catastrophe», they say, increasing the
methane content of the planet's atmosphere twelve-fold, and raising temperatures
by 1.3 ˚C.
Once formed
by either serpentinization or microbes,
methane could be stored as a stable clathrate hydrate — a chemical structure that traps
methane molecules like animals in a cage — for later release to the atmosphere, perhaps
by gradual outgassing through cracks and fissures or
by episodic bursts
triggered by volcanism.
Once produced,
methane could have been stored as a stable clathrate hydrate and released to the atmosphere either gradually, through volcanism, or in bursts,
triggered by impacts.
Might future exploding
methane domes,
triggered by melting ice, release extra
methane into the atmosphere?
Simple biogeochemical flux modeling suggests that, if the Archean Earth was kept warm
by a
methane greenhouse, then the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis could have
triggered a Snowball Earth event on a time scale as short as about a million years (Kopp et al., 2005).
Even CO2 which is a better greenhouse gas than
methane (when comparing them side -
by - side in equal concentrations) does not
trigger a runaway greenhouse, even in studies where it becomes the substantial part of the atmosphere.
One should also pay attention to other greenhouse gases, particularly
methane (from rice paddies, ruminant animal digestive processes, industrial processes, and distributed natural sources, some of which could be
triggered to large releases
by warming) and nitrous oxide (from the nitrogen cycle linking the atmosphere, plants, and bacteria, now exacerbated
by extremely heavy use of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture; note, as does Vaclav Smil from the University of Manitoba, that fertilizer use is required to feed half the world's current population.
«Earthquakes
trigger methane release, and consequent warming of the planet triggers earthquakes, as reported by Sam Carana at the Arctic Methane Emergency Group (October 2013)
methane release, and consequent warming of the planet
triggers earthquakes, as reported
by Sam Carana at the Arctic
Methane Emergency Group (October 2013)
Methane Emergency Group (October 2013)»
Sediment samples gathered in south Australia led Kennedy's team to theorize that a catastrophic era of global warming was
triggered some 635 million years ago
by a gradual — and then abrupt — release of
methane from frozen soils, bringing an end to «Snowball Earth,» when the entire planet was encrusted in ice.
Bangs, N.L., Hornbach, M.J., Park, J - O, and G.F. Moore, «Massive
methane release
triggered by seafloor erosion offshore southwestern Japan,» Geology, 38, no. 11, 2010
Tackling
methane and soot could reduce the scientists» projections of average warming in 2050
by 40 percent, which could mean the difference between
triggering serious feedbacks in the global climate systems or not.
Given the dire consequences of a major
methane gas release
triggered by ongoing warming the latest science now says that such a release of
methane will not happen for several hundred years.
More recently, scientists also have begun to think that a stress reaction
triggered by ultra violet light can also cause trees to produce
methane.
The mass outpourings of
methane, 200 million years ago, could have been
triggered by volcanoes pumping out CO2, the scientists think - a situation that may be repeated if man's CO2 emissions
trigger a tipping point for today's frozen deep - sea
methane.
The most notorious was 252 million years ago; it began when carbon warmed the planet
by five degrees, accelerated when that warming
triggered the release of
methane in the Arctic, and ended with 97 percent of all life on Earth dead.
The slowness of the
methane feedback is open to question, given the unprecedentedly rapid and systematic
triggering event provided
by fossil fuels.
In fact,
methane release from the oceanic hydrates perhaps
triggered by flood basalt eruptions, could be a general explanation for most mass extinction events.
The threat of global warming amplifying itself
by triggering massive
methane releases is real and may already be under way, providing plenty of fodder for scary headlines.
During the glacial cycles of the past 800,000 years both CO2 and
methane have acted as important amplifiers of the climate changes
triggered by variations in Earth's orbit around the Sun.
My understanding is that the atmosphere warmed
by about 6 degrees C from our current level, and that
triggered increasing releases of
methane from clathrates in a positive feedback fashion over thousands of years (or was it millions of years??).
The Report identified 19 major environmental tipping points that are at risk of being
triggered by processes linked to climate change, including higher releases of
methane, and collapse of key Arctic fisheries.