Fat tissue is a previously unrecognized reservoir of
trypanosome parasites in mice with sleeping sickness, according to a new study by HHMI International Scholar Luísa Figueiredo at the Instituto...
The biochemists have unearthed a metabolic by - product
of trypanosome activity known as indolepyruvate, which may offer excellent possibilities for developing anti-trypanosome drugs and therapies because inhibiting its production may be key in fighting the parasite.
As I neared the end of the research phase of my training, I became increasingly interested in the immunologic aspects of tropical diseases, particularly in the possibility that infection with the
American trypanosome induces autoimmune myocarditis.
Early adaptations of the initial technology were used in functional genomics screens identifying host genes affecting HIV [2] and
Trypanosome infection.
The biochemists have unearthed a metabolic by - product of
trypanosome activity known as indole pyruvate, which may offer excellent possibilities for developing anti-trypanosome drugs and therapies because inhibiting its production may be key in fighting the parasite.
Like some other pathological gene mutations, the APOL1 variations may have persisted in the population, in this case in Africa, because they could protect people from infection with the parasites known
as trypanosome.
Sleeping sickness, or African trypanosomiasis, is caused
by trypanosome parasites transmitted by tsetse flies and threatens millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa.
Now at last researchers have not only discovered the secret of our natural defence against trypanosomes, they have also worked out how the most
deadly trypanosome manages to dodge it.
«
How trypanosome parasites communicate with each other: Findings could impact how sleeping sickness is treated.»
The research
into trypanosome nanotubes and extracellular vesicles started as a side project in Hajduk's lab about two years ago.
«Tsetse flies carry a potentially deadly disease and impose an enormous economic burden on countries that can least afford it by forcing farmers to rear less productive but
more trypanosome - resistant cattle.»
The data generated from the study were incorporated in an accessible online database as a resource
for trypanosome biologists.
It's carried by so - called «kissing bugs», which bite you round the mouth while you sleep and infects you with the Chagas disease creepy parasite: the
American trypanosome.
In this area, Sette's disease focus has shifted over the years from HIV, HBV and HCV to emerging diseases and diseases of potential biodefense concern to, most recently, diseases and pathogens relevant to worldwide global health, including dengue viruses, malaria, tuberculosis, and
trypanosome infections.
Identification of putative immunity genes and their preliminary characterization provides a resource for the experimental dissection of tsetse -
trypanosome interactions.
Alain Beschin, from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, and colleagues studied the immune response to
trypanosome parasites in mice, where they frequently cause liver inflammation and failure.
So, 2 months into his Ph.D., he switched his project and started analyzing the presence and functions of retrotransposons in
the trypanosome.
Because of its atypical gene regulation,
the trypanosome «didn't allow me to do much genetic manipulation,» he says.
(Much of
the trypanosome surface is highly variable, which is why the chances of developing an effective vaccine have been deemed low.)
Three of these drugs get into the interior of the parasite cells via
the trypanosome's transport proteins that normally supply the parasite with nutrients, and drug resistance is caused by mutations that cripple these transporters.
The trypanosome parasites that cause African sleeping sickness are awesome adversaries.
Preventing the disease by developing a vaccine seems difficult because of the ability of
the trypanosome to thwart mammalian immune systems.
Trypanosomes can cause devastating diseases in people: the sleeping sickness in Africa, Chagas disease in South America and recently also in Europe.
Trypanosomes are well suited as a model system in life sciences, as they have only one very large mitochondrion with only a single giant genome.
Trypanosomes are single - celled parasites that cause diseases such as human African sleeping sickness and Nagana in animals.
Trypanosomes are parasites of the mammalian bloodstream that rely on biting flies — like the tsetse fly — for transmission.