Sentences with phrase «tumor cell receptors»

The development of diagnostic and therapeutic nanodevices based on engineered recombinant proteins capable of recognizing specific tumor cell receptors is currently actively pursued.

For some years now, a new class of drugs called antibody - drug conjugates (ADCs) have been used, which work in two ways: they consist of an antibody that binds selectively to the tumor cell receptor and interrupts the signal to propagate; they also act as a transport vehicle for a chemical substance that enters the cancer cells with the antibody and triggers their death.

Not exact matches

At the end of September, the European Commission approved a marketing application for Lutathera, a radioactive molecule that targets specific receptors found on the surface of neuroendocrine tumor cells.

«Once this novel tumor - homing agent binds to the EphA2 receptor, the oncogene functions as a cancer - specific molecular Trojan horse for paclitaxel, carrying the drug inside the cancel cell, killing the cell, and thwarting metastasis,» said Maurizio Pellecchia, a professor of biomedical sciences at UCR's School of Medicine who led the research.

Some tumor cells use this receptor to hide from the immune system (SN: 4/1/17, p. 24).

The immune system depends on molecules called T cell receptors on the surface of T cells to recognize and respond to foreign antigens from virus - infected cells, tumors and other threats.

The overabundance of receptors causes the cancer cells to divide rapidly and the tumor grows faster than average.

We designed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that specifically target podoplanin (PDPN), a key protein for the progression of solid tumors, including GBM.»

Inflammatory breast cancer cells display a triple - negative breast cancer phenotype that lacks the receptors needed to promote tumor growth.

The system, says Brahmer, provides a kind of «handshake» or connection between receptors on immune cells, called PD - 1, and their sister - proteins on tumor cells, called PD - L1.

To acquire new insights into the biology and possible therapy of these tumors, Feigin et al. looked for aberrant expression of G protein — coupled receptors, cell signaling proteins that have been successfully targeted for treatment of other disorders such as depression.

By masking checkpoint receptors, Yervoy and Opdivo expand the number of circulating, tumor - recognizing T cells.

The scientists demonstrated that chemokine CCL7 is diffused through the PPAT to the area around the prostate and that it attracts tumor cells that express the CCR3 receptor towards the periprostatic adipose tissue, the gateway to the rest of the body.

T cells genetically engineered to make the chimeric antigen receptor can recognize and target tumor cells.

Dr. Jochen Maurer and his research group were able to cultivate several cancer stem cell lines from triple receptor - negative breast cancer that are excellent representations of the original tumors they isolated from the patients.

Most cancer vaccines developed to date have been designed to recognize and attack a specific known molecule — such as a cell - surface receptor — that is likely to be found on cancerous cells in any patient with that type of tumor.

An early - stage clinical study by another institution, published in the Lancet Oncology in May 2016, combined chemotherapy with an experimental drug that blocks CCR2, a receptor on monocytes and macrophages whose activation stimulates these cells to infiltrate tumors.

Liang Xu, Ph.D. member of the KU Cancer Center's Drug Discovery, Delivery and Experimental Therapeutics program and associate professor of molecular biosciences at KU, has discovered that targeting a cell - surface receptor called «CD44s» can block pancreatic tumor formation and recurrence after radiotherapy.

The study, «The nuclear transport receptor Importin - 11 is a tumor suppressor that maintains PTEN protein,» which will be published online February 13 in The Journal of Cell Biology, suggests that the loss of Importin - 11 may destabilize PTEN, leading to the development of lung, prostate, and other cancers.

Because of this lack of receptors, common cancer drugs can't «find» the cells, and doctors must treat the cancer with extremely aggressive and highly toxic treatment strategies,» said Salman Hyder, the Zalk Endowed Professor in Tumor Angiogenesis and professor of biomedical sciences in the College of Veterinary Medicine and the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center.

For the CRISPR trial, a UPenn - led team wants to remove T cells from patients and use a harmless virus to give the cells a receptor for NY - ESO - 1, a protein that is often present on certain tumors but not on most healthy cells.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations found in the circulating free tumor DNA (ctDNA) from the plasma of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients correlates well with the EGFR mutations from patient - matched tumor tissue DNA.

The cells also might react by making fewer receptors, which may make the prostate tumor cells vulnerable once more to androgen deprivation therapy.

«Beta blockers may lead to new novel triple negative breast cancer treatments: New research suggests that adrenaline can act on tumor cells via a cell surface receptor called the beta2 - adrenoceptor and that changes in signaling within the cell make it highly invasive.»

Here, they observed that while estrogen receptor was absent in cancer cells, it was prevalent and in many cases increased in the so - called tumor microenvironment — the area around the tumor that helps it grow.

Checkpoint inhibitors like ipilimumab — which has been on the market since 2011 — nivolumab, and pembrolizumab stop tumor cells from stimulating the receptors.

The new study revealed that pancreatic cancer cells not only send signals that make macrophages produce abnormal amounts of dectin - 1 surface receptors, but also that make tumor cells themselves express high levels of galectin - 9.

They found higher levels of JAK1 in resistant tumors, which caused increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-- a receptor tyrosine kinase that promotes cell proliferation.

But tumor cells can also stimulate these receptors, preventing the immune system from attacking them.

In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a vaccination targeting tumors that produced IL - 15 and its cell surface receptor called IL - 15R - alpha -LRB--RRB- and examined their ability to up - regulate (or increase) immune responses to tumor antigens,» Morris says.

Cincinnati Cancer Center (CCC) and UC Cancer Institute researchers have found that a vaccine, targeting tumors that produce a certain protein and receptor responsible for communication between cells and the body's immune system, could initiate the immune response to fight cancer.

«SynNotch receptors essentially allow us to confine the T cell response at the site of disease with the goal of enhancing the ability of the T cell to, for example, overcome the inhospitable microenvironment of a solid tumor.

About 20 percent of breast cancer patients have overexpressed growth receptors, known as Her2 + receptors, on the cancer cells, which cause uncontrolled tumor growth.

One approach is to give patients specific antibodies that target the homing devices (essentially chemical receptors) in white blood cells, rendering the tumor cells immunologically visible.

PDGFRα is a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor involved in organ development and tumor progression, it is present in multiple cell types such as mesenchymal cells, neurons, astrocytes, megakaryocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitor.

Over the past two years, investigators from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have reported results from a human trial in GBM using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, through which patients» own T cells were engineered to track down and kill cancer cells that express a tumor - specific protein known as EGFRvIII.

Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine report that dietary capsaicin — the active ingredient in chili peppers — produces chronic activation of a receptor on cells lining the intestines of mice, triggering a reaction that ultimately reduces the risk of colorectal tumors.

Tumor cells in primary bone cancer degrade bone tissue by means of specialised enzymes and receptor proteins.

Josef Singer and Judith Fazekas, both lead authors of the study, discovered that a receptor frequently found on human tumor cells (epidermal growth factor receptor or EGFR) is nearly 100 percent identical with the EGF receptor in dogs.

Because diseases such as cancer tend to evade detection by T - cells» receptors, allowing a tumor to grow unchecked, scientists have long sought «intel» on this process as a means of developing therapies that target malignant cells, but leave healthy cells alone.

Their analysis showed that the diversity of T - cell receptors decreased among samples of T - cells taken closer to the tumor, compared with farther away.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, which edits a cancer patient's T cells to recognize their tumors, has successfully helped patients with aggressive blood cancers but has yet to show the ability to treat solid tumors.

IL - 6 is a cytokine, a signal molecule that is produced and secreted both by immune cells and by tumor cells and binds specifically to a receptor (IL - 6R) that is found on the surfaces of many cell types.

The Johns Hopkins team tested ImmunoMap's ability to correlate immune responses on receptor sequencing data from T - cells in the tumors of 34 patients with cancer enrolled in a nationwide clinical trial of the immunotherapy drug nivolumab.

The resulting treatment consists of four parts: an antibody targeted to the tumor; a vaccine targeted to the tumor; IL - 2; and a molecule that blocks PD1, a receptor found on T cells.

In 2008, he joined the group of Caetano Reis e Sousa at the Cancer Research UK (CRUK) London Research Institute and later joined the Francis Crick Institute, where he was awarded Marie Curie and EMBO long - term postdoctoral fellowships to investigate innate immune receptors and signaling pathways that trigger dendritic cell activation and drive T - cell responses against viruses or tumors.

These antibody drugs block receptors on T cells that tumors use to hide from the immune system.

Once the T cells contained the new, tumor - specific receptors, the scientists infused the T cells back into the blood of each patient.

«For the T cell to recognize the tumor cell, it has to have a receptor for that tumor cell,» He says.

↵ 3 The abbreviations used are: HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; DiI - Ac - LDL, 1,1 ′ - dioctadecyl - 3,3,3 ′, 3 ′ - tetramethyl - indocarbocyanine acetylated low - density lipoprotein; FACS, fluorescence - activated cell sorting; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; Flk, fetal liver kinase; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; mAb, monoclonal antibody; PE, phycoerythrin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VCAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule.