Sentences with phrase «tumor cells response»

Short and long - term tumor cell responses to Aurora kinase inhibitors.

Epigallocatechin -3-gallate (EGCG) found in green tea even acts as an antiangiogenic and antitumor agent, and helps modulate tumor cell response to chemotherapy.30

Not exact matches

The institute, which includes over 40 laboratories and more than 300 researchers, said the research would focus on modifying a patient's own immune system T - cells to target a tumor, studying ways to boost patient response to current immunotherapy drugs.

The introduction of infant formula to babies» diets changes the infants» gut microbiome, thus affecting the response of the infant immune system to pathogens.47 - 51 A greater amount of natural - killer cells, suggesting a more mature immune system, have been found in breastfed infants than in formula - fed infants.52 In addition, pH level in the stomach of breastfed children is better for the promotion of the protein - lipid α - lactalbumin (termed HAMLET), which induces apoptosislike death in tumor cells.51, 53

Each factor involved in the tumor response — whether it is the speed with which chemotherapeutic drugs reach the tissue or the degree to which cells signal each other to grow — is characterized by a mathematical equation that captures its essence.

An immune response, triggered by foreign neural stem cells, could actually help attack tumors, says Evan Snyder, a stem cell biologist at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute in San Diego, California, and one of the early pioneers of the idea of using stem cells to attack tumors.

By comparing the results to cells from paired normal tissue, researchers get a detailed molecular picture of the tumor environment, including the types and activity levels of T cells that are critical to the immunotherapy response.

«We're interrogating the tumor microenvironment,» she says, «by looking at suppressive cues as well as cells and secreted proteins that protect tumors from the immune response.»

On its own, this immune response had no immediate effect in the fight against the utilized breast tumors, but in combination with the ADC it proved itself effective in attacking cancer cells in mice, resulting in the complete cure of the majority of mice receiving the combination therapy.

Lo's team set out to find ways to further weaken the tumors, since the drug addiction response (which can range from a mere slow down of the cancer's growth rate to cancer cell death), can be used to improve clinical outcomes.

«This model was trained on genetic data from human tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and was able to predict response to certain inhibitors that affect cancers with overactive Ras signaling in an encyclopedia of cancer cell lines,» Greene said.

Led by researchers at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center — Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC — James), the retrospective study suggested that a pattern of molecules called microRNA (miRNA) in tumor cells might predict patients» response to radiation therapy.

According to the head of the research group of chemoresistance and Predictors of tumor response and stromal environment ICO - IDIBELL, Alberto Villanueva, «tumor exosomes contain certain proteins (Dicer, TRBP and Ago2) able to process microRNAs that can alter the around the tumor cells transforming them into tumoral cells.»

The personalized vaccine is made from patients» own immune cells, which are exposed in the laboratory to the contents of the patients» tumor cells, and then injected into the patients to initiate a wider immune response.

The team also compared the animals» responses to the therapy's effects in laboratory cell samples and found that in vitro studies did not predict how well the viral therapy and immune response would fight tumor cells in vivo.

Half of the patients that could be evaluated showed big increases in the numbers of T - cells specifically reactive to tumor material, indicating a good response to vaccination.

«This is a treatment that, rather than targeting cancer cells themselves, targets the immune response, reactivating the T cells in the neighborhood of the tumor cells,» Shipp remarked.

Scientists now know that what matters most in determining the behavior of a particular cancer (and its response to specific therapy) are the molecular pathways that drive malignant cell growth instead of where the tumor begins in the body.

«But cancer cells in the lab don't necessarily indicate the response of human tumors,» Håkansson reminds the group.

This blood vessel normalization results in an increased barrier function on the one hand — thereby blocking cancer cell dissemination and metastasis - and in enhanced tumor perfusion on the other hand, which increases the response of the tumor to chemotherapy.

Treatment with an investigational CAR T - cell therapy induced complete remission of a brain metastasis of the difficult - to - treat tumor diffuse large - B - cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which had become resistant to chemotherapy — the first report of a response to CAR T - cells in a central nervous system lymphoma.

They found that NF - κB, a protein complex known to promote tumor growth, may also have the ability to boost the immune system to eliminate cancerous cells before they harm, as well as promote antitumor responses.

However, tolerance - inducing mechanisms and the presence of suppressive cell types in the tumor microenvironment can dampen the response to immunotherapy.

The protein sits on the surface of T cells and helps dampen the activity of the cells after an immune response, but tumors have found ways to hide from T cell attack by flipping on the PD - 1 switch themselves.

They are designed to get around one of the ways that cancer protects itself from the immune system: tumors can activate the body's natural protective response from autoimmunity, called a checkpoint, and thereby thwart cytotoxic T cells.

Drugs like pembrolizumab boost the response in tumors where immune cells are present but don't work in tumors where there is no immune response to boost.

The drug Rituxan, a monoclonal antibody that represses B cells in rheumatoid arthritis and B cell lymphoma, might prevent the inflammatory response that fuels formation of solid tumors.

Tumor cells use the unfolded protein response to alter circadian rhythm, which contributes to more tumor growth, Hollings Cancer Center researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) Tumor cells use the unfolded protein response to alter circadian rhythm, which contributes to more tumor growth, Hollings Cancer Center researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) tumor growth, Hollings Cancer Center researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) find.

The central idea is to encode an antigen as RNA and inject that into the skin of the patient, whose own cells then produce the protein that triggers an immune response, either to kill tumor cells or to prevent an infection.

T - VEC, also called talimogene laherparepvec, is a human herpes simplex virus that is genetically engineered to bring T cells into a tumor and induce an antitumor response.

In addition to monitoring the response of injected melanoma tumors, we are also measuring the boost in the anti-tumor immune cells of patients after injection,» explained Amod A. Sarnaik, M.D., assistant member of Moffitt's Cutaneous Oncology Program.

«Additionally, this provides evidence needed to begin investigating a vaccine in human cancer clinical trials to determine whether genetically modified tumor cells producing IL - 15 and IL - 15Rα may induce anti-cancer responses.»

Now, scientists have modified Salmonella bacteria to trigger a particularly powerful immune response against human cancer cells implanted in mice, shrinking the tumors and — for the first time — preventing them from metastasizing.

They found that ONC201 alters the gene expression of cancer stem cell markers and signaling pathways prior to killing the tumor cells, providing pharmacodynamic biomarkers of response.

In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a vaccination targeting tumors that produced IL - 15 and its cell surface receptor called IL - 15R - alpha -LRB--RRB- and examined their ability to up - regulate (or increase) immune responses to tumor antigens,» Morris says.

Allison pioneered immune checkpoint blockade, an approach that treats the immune system, rather than the tumor directly, by blocking molecules on T cells that shut those attack cells down, protecting tumors from immune response.

Cincinnati Cancer Center (CCC) and UC Cancer Institute researchers have found that a vaccine, targeting tumors that produce a certain protein and receptor responsible for communication between cells and the body's immune system, could initiate the immune response to fight cancer.

Their results demonstrate that specific rhoptry and dense granule effector proteins that T. gondii secretes before and after host cell invasion, respectively, control the development of an effective host antitumor response, and increase the survival of mice with ovarian tumors.

The resulting «map» of gene - drug interactions allowed the researchers to accurately predict the responses of multiple human cancer cell lines to different chemotherapy agents based on the cell lines» genetic profiles and also revealed new genetic factors that appear to determine the response of breast and ovarian tumor cells to common classes of chemotherapy treatment.

Partnering with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration allowed Doebele and colleagues to access clinical trial data describing initial tumor response, PFS and OS for 305 patients with stage IIIb or IV non-small cell lung cancer on trials of ALK inhibitors and 355 similar patients on trials of immunotherapies directed at PD - 1.

He also studies the mechanisms of antigen presentation to T cells, the impact of immunoregulation on tumor antigen - specific responses, and characterization of the tumor - immune microenvironment.

We describe an experimental model system that definitively links surgery and the subsequent wound - healing response to the outgrowth of tumor cells at distant anatomical sites.

«SynNotch receptors essentially allow us to confine the T cell response at the site of disease with the goal of enhancing the ability of the T cell to, for example, overcome the inhospitable microenvironment of a solid tumor.

The light - sensitive cells and nanoparticles, called opto - CRAC, were then delivered with the tumor antigen surrogate ovalbumin to mice with melanoma tumors in their lymph nodes to see if an immune response could be activated to target cancer cells.

«Understanding the molecular mechanism that leads to CD8 T cell exhaustion brings us a step closer to developing strategies to induce optimal T cell responses that can successfully clear infections and kill tumor cells,» explains postdoctoral researcher and co-lead author Renata M. Pereira, Ph.D. «Conversely, it may allow us to interfere with autoimmune responses that paradoxically depend on the same protein.»

For most available T cell immunotherapies, T cells (which play a central role in defending the body against illness) are engineered to recognize and eliminate tumors, but their activity is not specifically controlled, leading to toxicity and unwanted side effects in patients as a result of inflammation or in some cases suboptimal response to treatment.

Mechanistic studies showed that IFN increases antitumor immune responses by enhancing antigen presentation to T cells by dendritic cells present in the tumor microenvironment.

Mathew Garnett, a cancer biologist at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute near Cambridge, UK, says that HeLa cells could prove useful for studying aspects of the biology of cervical tumors, such as their response to cancer drugs.

«The antibody - driven innate response creates an environment such that when the T cells come in, they can kill the tumor.

A new class of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors block molecules on T cells that shut down immune response, freeing the immune system to attack tumors.