Sentences with phrase «tumor cells themselves express»

Tumor cells expressing p53 (left) have fewer focal adhesions (red) and lower levels of active p130Cas (green)-- rendering them noninvasive — compared with p53 - deficient tumor cells (right).

The new study revealed that pancreatic cancer cells not only send signals that make macrophages produce abnormal amounts of dectin - 1 surface receptors, but also that make tumor cells themselves express high levels of galectin - 9.

And IL - 22 helped tumor cells express stem - cell genes through epigenetic changes to these genes.

David Raulet and Lewis Lanier, separately, show that tumor cells expressing ligands for the natural killer cell activating receptor NKG2D are destroyed by natural killer cells in vivo, establishing a new mechanism for how natural killer cells recognize tumor cells.

Additionally, she is investigating the role of circulating tumor cells expressing these checkpoint molecules.

The specific antigen approach uses selected antigens that are also present in the patient's tumor so that the immune system will be educated to recognize the tumor antigen and kill tumor cells expressing the antigen.

Not exact matches

In a series of experiments, the researchers first identified a set of 19 transcription factors that were expressed at significantly greater levels in cultured human glioblastoma stem cells capable of tumor propagation than in differentiated tumor cells.

Published in the February 27 issue of Cell, the study found that tumor cells that reach the brain — and successfully grow into new tumors — hug capillaries and express specific proteins that overcome the brain's natural defense against metastatic invasion.

Then they linked the drug sensitivity of the tumor cells to the profile of genes expressed in those cells.

When tumor cells that no longer express CCR3 are implanted in the prostates of mice, tumor progression and dissemination are significantly reduced, especially in obese mice.

«Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that multiple myeloma cells express bone - related genes in a Runx2 - dependent fashion that mimics bone marrow resident cells and likely contributes to tumor survival and growth in the bone microenvironment,» Yang and colleagues wrote in the paper.

The scientists demonstrated that chemokine CCL7 is diffused through the PPAT to the area around the prostate and that it attracts tumor cells that express the CCR3 receptor towards the periprostatic adipose tissue, the gateway to the rest of the body.

The scientists have shown that, in all cancers, a sort of «identity crisis» is observed in cancerous cells: in the organs or tissues in which a tumor develops, genes specific to other tissues or to other stages of the development of the organism express themselves in an aberrant manner.

In a mouse model of triple - negative breast cancer, mice injected with cancer cells that over-express ZMYND11 had tumor volumes of less than 50 cubic millimeters while control mice and those injected with cells expressing ZMYND11 deficient for binding to the methyl group had tumor volumes ranging from 150 to 400 cubic millimeters at eight weeks.

The researchers then compared tumor cells isolated from multiple different breast cancer patients and found that cells expressing lower amounts of Numb - 1 and -2 were more resistant to the chemotherapy agent cisplatin.

Over the past two years, investigators from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have reported results from a human trial in GBM using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, through which patients» own T cells were engineered to track down and kill cancer cells that express a tumor - specific protein known as EGFRvIII.

At the Dana - Farber Cancer Institute and the Broad Institute, for instance, Todd Golub, a specialist in the genetics of cancer, had spent a decade learning how to identify malignant tumors by the pattern of protein - coding messenger RNAs expressed in their cells.

Epigenetic analysis determined that the enhancer driving MYC expression in the leukemic cells was not Notch - dependent, but rather BRD4 - dependent, suggesting another possible therapeutic option for MYC - expressing tumors.

Tumor cells often over express these checkpoint molecules, putting the brakes on the immune system's search and destroy work.

These inhibitors effectively targeted and blocked Msi expressing cells, resulting in halted tumor growth in animal models as well as in patient - derived cancer cells, which harbor more complex mutations and are uniformly drug - resistant.

The authors uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms, as well as the gene network regulated by Sox9 during the early steps of skin tumor initiation and demonstrates that Sox9 controls the long term maintenance and expansion of oncogene expressing cells by promoting self - renewing division and inhibiting differentiation.

Once activated, the circuit expresses proteins designed to direct the immune system to target the tumor cells, including surface T cell engagers, which direct T cells to kill the cells.

Tumor cells develop mechanisms to evade detection by the immune system by expressing a protein called PD - L1.

Glioblastoma cells do not naturally produce NY - ESO - 1, so the drug decitabine is given prior to injecting the NY - ESO - 1 targeting T cells in order to cause the tumor cells to express the NY - ESO - 1 target.

Injecting the TRAIL - expressing stem cells into the carotid artery, a likely strategy for clinical application, led to significantly slower tumor growth and increased survival, compared with animals receiving unaltered stem cells or control injections.

Kaplan - Meier analysis demonstrated that most of the mice injected with cells expressing wild - type PREX2 or GFP exhibited tumor - free survival for more than ten weeks.

The tumors grew rapidly in the control experiments (the median time for tumor - free survival was one week) and any differences in tumor - free survival for the controls and the mice injected with cells expressing mutated PREX2 were not statistically significant (Horrigan et al., 2017).

They found that injecting into the carotid artery breast cancer cells that express markers allowing them to enter the brain — cells labelled with bioluminescent and fluorescent markers to enable tracking by imaging technologies — resulted in the formation of many metastatic tumors throughout the brain, mimicking what is seen in advanced breast cancer patients.

These genes are expressed in many tumors and are silent in normal tissues except male germline cells.

Using transplantable tumor models expressing antigen in an inducible manner or spontaneous tumor models expressing nominal antigens, we try to decipher whether the tumor is ignored or leads to deletion, anergy or class switch of the specific immune response or generate suppressor T cells.

Finally, his discussion covers the genetic manipulation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to derive NK cells engineered to express modified CD16A, and their potential for improving the efficacy of tumor - targeting therapeutic mAbs.

The FDA granted approval to pembrolizumab (Keytruda), a anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor, for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients whose tumors express PD - L1.

«Our data suggests that human tumors can be divided into two major subtypes, the let - 7hi and let - 7lo - expressing tumor cells,» the authors write.

Nectin - 4 is a cell adhesion molecule that is expressed on a number of solid tumor cells.

Retargeting of T cells to prostate stem cell antigen expressing tumor cells: comparison of different antibody formats.

In cytotoxicity assays employing PPAM, we found no significant differences of IC50 values between SCLC tumor cells, SCLC CTC lines which express the Wnt pathway and normal cells such as HEK293 (data not shown).

Injections of iPSC - EPCs did not however have significant effect on tumor growth or on overall survival, but transducing cells with a baculovirus expressing CD40L, a member of the TNF gene family which can induce apoptosis [6, 7], and injection into the breast cancer lung metastasis, increased levels of pro-apoptotic cytokines in lung tissues, indicating the induction of apoptosis by CD40L carried by the EPCs (See figure).

Coukos, who is currently leading an ovarian cancer clinical trial sponsored by CRI's Clinical Accelerator, sought to understand why PD - 1 / PD - L1 immunotherapies are often ineffective for these patients, even though ovarian tumors are often infiltrated by «killer» T cells that recognize tumor - specific neoantigens and express high levels of PD - 1.

Further, consistent with T cell phenotypes in nontumor - bearing mice (Fig. 2), we observed an increased percentage of spleen - derived CD8 + T cells expressing high levels of the activation marker CD44 in DGKζ − / − or DKO mice that had been inoculated with tumor when compared with Cbl - b − / − or WT mice (Fig. 4C).

This strongly suggests, the authors note, that «the major immunologic defect in the context of melanomas expressing tumor - intrinsic beta - catenin - signaling is defective recruitment of CD103 + dendritic cells.»

So, the researchers forced expression of a dominant - negative TGF - β receptor type 2 (DNRII) onto LMP - specific T cells (DNRII - LSTs) that were specially designed to seek out and destroy proteins derived from the Epstein - Barr virus expressed by the tumor cells.

The adenosine A2A receptor is the main adenosine receptor expressed on immune cells, which promotes immune suppression, leading to tumor evasion.

The researchers found that the injected DNA was taken up and expressed by tumor cells in four of the five patients.

Proto - oncogenes consist of a group of genes / proteins that, when expressed, normally encourage cell survival, growth and proliferation, while tumor suppressors perform the opposite task, keeping cells from dividing out of control.

After implanting the tumor, they gave the mice a drug to trigger the tumor cells to express the aquaporin reporter gene, which made the tumor look darker in MRI images.

The adenosine A2A receptor is the main adenosine receptor expressed on immune cells, which promote anti-tumor immune responses, leading to tumor regression when inhibited with an adenosine A2A antagonist.

The mutant allele was expressed in d42m1 tumor cells and regressor clones, but absent from all escape tumors and regressor clones.

«Cells expressing each of these characteristics were identified across all tumors, suggesting cells sensitive or resistant to chemotherapy are both presents in the same tumor,» confirmed SteCells expressing each of these characteristics were identified across all tumors, suggesting cells sensitive or resistant to chemotherapy are both presents in the same tumor,» confirmed Stecells sensitive or resistant to chemotherapy are both presents in the same tumor,» confirmed Stewart.

CFE was calculated by dividing the number of tumor spheres formed by the original number of single cells seeded and is expressed as a percentage.

They formed tiny spheres — often called tumor spheres — and expressed proteins typically found in immature neural progenitor cells.