The team chose to compare breast tissue from healthy individuals with
tumor samples taken from breast cancer patients — including both primary tumors that had not spread from the breast to other body sites, and highly aggressive, metastatic tumors.
31: The percentage of genetic mutations shared by all
the tumor samples taken from a patient with kidney cancer.
The team looked at
tumor samples taken from 314 patients diagnosed with DCIS.
The most famous, oldest, and most commonly used immortal cell line, dubbed HeLa, originated in
a tumor sample taken from an African - American woman, Henrietta Lacks, who is the subject of the recent book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks.9 The tumor cells, harvested at Johns Hopkins Hospital, gave rise to the eponymous HeLa cell line which researchers have used continuously since her death in 1951 for numerous experiments, including Jonas Salk's development of the polio vaccine.
Not exact matches
To determine how the cells switch from one type to another, they
took three human uterine carcinosarcoma
samples and sequenced the genomes of cells in two parts of each
tumor: the carcinoma and sarcoma components.
For example, TCGA, with genomic data on 33
tumor types
taken from
samples from 11,000 patients, is finishing 2018 by publishing a series of papers and holding a symposium.
While more sensitive assays have enabled doctors to
take smaller
samples of some types of solid
tumors, oncologists have long dreamed of avoiding traditional biopsies altogether.
Now researchers have
taken a small step in that direction: They've deciphered a genetic «signature» that, in several
tumor samples, appears to predict whether a cancer will spread.
Samples were
taken from the original, or primary,
tumor in the pancreas and from any detectable nearby and distant metastatic
tumors.
«Being able to safely
take tissue
samples will also allow us to test for specific
tumor sub-types and better decide the most appropriate treatment for each individual patient,» added Dr Booton.
To make the vaccine, researchers
took a
sample of a patient's
tumors, which in this trial were made up of B cells (white blood cells that help the body battle disease and infection).
The researchers were able to replicate this finding by comparing the healthy thyroid tissues in GTEx to 500
samples taken from thyroid
tumors, compiled by The Cancer Genome Atlas, and giving support to the extensive impact of FOXE1 on cellular state.
The total environmental DNA of grape crown gall
tumor disease is revealed in the genetic profile based on 52 tissue
samples of crown gall
tumor taken from 16 grapevine species.
Their analysis showed that the diversity of T - cell receptors decreased among
samples of T - cells
taken closer to the
tumor, compared with farther away.
To confirm that the missing mutations were important for generating an immune response, the researchers cultured a subset of the neoantigen protein fragments containing the
tumor mutations with immune cells
taken from three patients» blood
samples.
The researchers
took multiple
samples from primary
tumors, regional lymph nodes and distant metastases.
In this study,
samples were
taken from patients»
tumors during surgery and transplanted into mice to grow new pancreatic cancer
tumors.
The chip would allow the filtering of cancer cells from a blood
sample, which would be an easier way to harvest cancer cells, rather than the current method of
taking them from
tumor sites in the body.
The researchers
took healthy tissue and
tumor samples from mice, and trained the nanoparticle - GFP sensors to recognize the bad cells, and for the GFP to fluoresce in the presence of metastatic tissues.
Blood and
tumor samples were also
taken for immune cell response analyses.
Tissue specimens were obtained from 30 cases having IDC and from 10 cases were diagnosed with benign breast lesions in addition to 10 normal breast
samples were
taken from tissue adjacent to the
tumors.
«The end game is to
take the guesswork out of chemotherapy, with a clinical test that will assess dozens of drugs and drug combinations against
tumor samples from each patient.»
The researchers looked exclusively at small segments of DNA called promoters in
samples of
tumors taken from 308 pancreatic cancer patients.
From a single
sample taken from a patient's
tumor, SEngine scientists can discover which drugs or combinations of drugs are most effective in killing or disabling that individual's cancer.
Closely monitoring several markers of cell damage (including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, prostaglandin - E and
tumor necrosis factor - alpha) in their
sample of 18 male athletes (who used 20 grams of creatine monohydrate per day for five days, mixed with 60 grams of maltodextrine), the researchers found levels of these markers were reduced after the race, compared to 16 control subjects who
took only the maltodextrine.
After a
sample was
taken from the patient on the left (or top for those on their mobile devices) and sent out to a laboratory for analysis, the mass was indeed diagnosed as a lipoma (benign fat cell
tumor).
To diagnose, your a veterinarian either removes the
tumor or
takes a
sample, sending the biopsy to a lab for analysis.
To make a diagnosis for the canine eye
tumors mentioned, your veterinarian will want to
take a small
sample of the
tumor for testing in a lab.
If the
tumor is behind the eye, there is a special tool (fine - needle aspirate) that will allow your veterinarian to
take a
sample (biopsy).
This may involve
taking samples of
tumor tissue, it may mean removing the whole
tumor, or it may be an attempt to remove as much of the
tumor as possible.
Next, a biopsy or tissue
sample of the
tumors, or any excessive fluids that have collected in body cavities, may be
taken and analyzed.
A tissue
sample would be
taken at
tumor removal surgery (if that's done) or when the dog is euthanized.
Your vet can't tell if a
tumor is carcinoma or a benign growth until he
takes a
sample and examines further.
A specific
tumor type can be suspected from its appearance on a CT or MRI, but can only be definitively identified by
taking a
sample of the
tumor, either at surgery or by biopsy.
Additionally, veterinarians usually want to
take a fluid
sample from the lymph nodes to look for cancerous cells and will perform a biopsy of any oral mass to determine exactly what kind of
tumor is present.
A
sample is
taken for examination to determine if oral
tumors are cancerous.
Mast cell
tumors of the skin can be diagnosed by
taking a small
sample of the area with a fine needle.