Analysis of transcriptomes in
tumour tissues from wild - type mice and Slc6a14 - null mice indicated no compensatory changes in the expression of any other amino acid transporter mRNA.
In the mice, the neuron - like cells did not grow as quickly as the original cancer cells, and analyses of
the tumour tissue from patients show that those with a high level of the estrogen receptor have a better survival rate that those with a low.
The researchers studied
tumour tissue from patients, cultivated human tumour cells and tumours in mouse models for neuroblastoma.
(A) Demonstration of Slc6a14 mRNA up - regulation in PyMT - driven mammary tumours in mice; N, mammary tissue from wild - type mice; T, mammary
tumour tissue from PyMT - Tg mice.
Not exact matches
They found 60 per cent fewer blood vessels surrounding
tumour - like
tissue grown
from Down's stem cells than those
from other volunteers.
The real test will be to inject these cells into mice and see if they form teratomas —
tumours containing
tissue or structures derived
from all three germ layers.
The RTK profile of any
tumour can be compared with that of healthy
tissue from the same organ and treatment could be tailored accordingly.
«We therefore looked for patient characteristics that would account for this result; next generation sequencing (NGS) of the genes of interest was performed on the archival
tissue samples
from the patients» primary
tumours,» explained Ciardiello.
For the first time ever, we could make a really comprehensive comparison of individual normal and
tumour cells
from the exact same type of
tissue, taken at the same time,
from the same person, and see how the cancer had developed.»
The team worked on
tissue from three patients with colorectal cancer, taking normal bowel stem cells and cells
from four different areas of the
tumours.
When cancer cells
from eg breast or lung
tumours invade the bones through metastasis, the bone
tissue is degraded.
These samples are then transferred to a mass spectrometer, which compares the combination of biomolecules with reference data collected
from tumours and healthy
tissue.
This has always been a worry with
tissues produced
from embryonic stem cells, as these have the capability to form
tumours if any are left in their original state in the transplanted
tissue.
By comparing the epigenetic profiles of gastric
tumours to normal
tissues from the same patient, we were able to identify those promoters specifically altered in GC
tissues.»
He added that, aside
from the hope of creating replacement
tissues and organs for patients, the work could help scientists understand how to tackle unwanted blood vessel growth, such as that found in
tumours.
In the new study, scientists at King's College London, led by Dr Anita Grigoriadis
from the Breast Cancer Now Research Unit at King's College London, studied lymph node
tissue and primary
tumour samples
from 309 breast cancer patients, who were treated between 1984 and 2002 at Guy's Hospital London.
«It's fascinating that it's so complicated», says Gerard, «there is a code we don't yet understand that differs
from tissue to
tissue — the number of chemokines and cytokines is distinct in each
tissue type and the types of cells that enter and exit the
tumour also differ».
Some receptors display a broad pattern of expression across
tumour types, while others were expressed in cell lines
from a particular
tissue.
The smoke coming
from the iKnife during resection of the
tumour can analyse the lipid composition of
tissue using a mass spectrophotometer http://publishing.rcseng.ac.uk/doi/full/10.1308/rcsbull.2016.88.
This is often how neurosurgeons actually identify
tumour tissue for resection, as described
from the study below and
from use of the iKnife, which identifies malignant
tissue and can be combined with a form of photodynamic therapy.