Not exact matches
In one sentence: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory researchers explained the complex
fluxes in
turbulent storm clouds
using statistical distributions of the vertical velocity and various kinds of precipitating particles within the clouds.
By
using measurements collected from the U.S. DOE ARM's SGP sites and other available sources, this study shows that all participating models simulate excessive net shortwave and longwave
fluxes at the surface, but with no consistent mean bias sign in
turbulent fluxes over the Central U.S. and SGP.
The methods
used to derive the satellite
turbulent fluxes are described in Bentamy et al. (2003).
Although it is a reasonable simplification to think of the transfer of thermal energy in a conduction - like model - where
flux is related to the temperature gradient
using a
turbulent transfer coefficient - it is quite possible to have time - averaged
flux moving in the opposite direction to time - averaged temperature gradient.
Almost three quarters of the energy of all radiative forcings was
used to increase the
turbulent fluxes and hence water vapour in the atmosphere.
determine the perturbed surface temperatures by calculating the
turbulent sensible and latent heat
fluxes using the perturbed surface temperatures