In his laboratory mice, Dr. Ding has now used chemical reprogramming to
turn fibroblasts into neural «precursor» cells with the potential to become new oligodendrocytes.
Recently, Dr. Ding achieved entirely gene - free chemical reprogramming, using only drugs to
turn fibroblasts directly into brain cells.
They turned the fibroblasts into stem cells and noticed that in the process, some of the cells lost the extra sex chromosome.
Not exact matches
Marius Wernig and colleagues at Stanford University in California discovered that inserting a cocktail of three genes into
fibroblasts turns them directly into neurons in just days.
The team next
turned its attention to
fibroblasts, cells that generate extracellular factors that support and buffer other cells.
The orbital remodeling in TED is likely induced by infiltrating T lymphocytes and mast cells, which activate orbital
fibroblast effector cells to either proliferate and form scar - producing cells called myofibroblasts or
turn into pro-inflammatory fat cells.
The AHR ligands
turned on AHR - dependent genes and blocked the TGFβ - driven transformation of human orbital
fibroblasts to scar - forming myofibroblasts.
Researchers from the UNC School of Medicine have discovered that cells called
fibroblasts, which normally give rise to scar tissue after a heart attack, can be
turned into endothelial cells, which generate blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the injured regions of the heart, thus greatly reducing the damage done following heart attack.
Indeed, they were: According to the team's findings, adipose stem cells can be
turned into iPS cells twice as quickly as
fibroblast skin cells and with 20 times the efficiency.
Yangqing et al recently had success in pursuing this pathway —
turning chicken
fibroblasts into «germ - like» cells in the same way that induced pluripotent stem cells are made2.
When transplanted into mouse hearts 1 day after the three factors were introduced,
fibroblasts turned into cardiomyocyte - like cells within the beating heart.
Remarkably, a combination of just three of the factors (Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5) was enough to efficiently convert
fibroblasts into cells that could beat like cardiomyocytes and
turned on most of the same genes expressed in cardiomyocytes.
For the first time, scientists have
turned muscular dystrophy patients»
fibroblast cells (common cells found in connective tissue) into stem...
Now, two independent groups report having made the process even simpler, by soaking
fibroblasts in combinations of small molecules, thereby obviating the need to tinker with gene expression to
turn the cells into neurons.