Different combinations
of overexpressed and underexpressed proteins known to be responsible for corneal
development in Drosophila may
alter the nipple pattern to another pattern
type and thus shed the light on chemical nature
of compounds, forming the Turing -
type structures upon insect eyes.
These toxic stress - induced changes in brain structure and function mediate, at least in part, the well - described relationship between adversity and
altered life - course trajectories (see Fig 1).4, 6 A hyper - responsive or chronically activated stress response contributes to the inflammation and changes in immune function that are seen in those chronic, noncommunicable diseases often associated with childhood adversity, like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cirrhosis,
type II diabetes, depression, and cardiovascular disease.4, 6 Impairments in critical SE, language, and cognitive skills contribute to the fractured social networks often associated with childhood adversity, like school failure, poverty, divorce, homelessness, violence, and limited access to healthcare.4, 19,58 — 60 Finally, behavioral allostasis, or the adoption
of potentially maladaptive behaviors to deal or cope with chronic stress, begins to explain the association between childhood adversity and unhealthy lifestyles, like alcohol, tobacco, and substance abuse, promiscuity, gambling, and obesity.4, 6,61 Taken together, these 3 general classes
of altered developmental outcomes (unhealthy lifestyles, fractured social networks, and changes in immune function) contribute to the
development of noncommunicable diseases and encompass many
of the morbidities associated epidemiologically with childhood adversity.4, 6