Different
types of immune cells use cytokine / chemokine as the language for communication.
Not exact matches
Gilead subsidiary Kite Pharma (which the biotech giant scooped up ahead
of the FDA's approval for Yescarta, a treatment that reengineers patients»
immune cells to fight cancer) will have access to Sangamo's platform technology, which could be
used to create various
types of cancer
cell therapies.
Breech Twins and higher order multiples Previous CS Pre-Eclampsia Placenta praevia Cervical incompetence Previous late stillbirth Previous premature birth Grand multiparty Age under 18 Age over 35 Smoking Drug
use Severe mental health issue Epilepsy
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Asthma GBS positive Abnormal antibodies Transplant recipient Congenital heart disease Known foetal abnormality Immunosuppressive medication MS Physical disability Intellectual disability Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Previous shoulder dystocia Previous 3rd or 4th degree tear Sickle
Cell anaemia BMI under 18 or over 35 at conception Previous massive PPH APH in current pregnancy HIV / AIDS Hepatitis B or C Active TB IUGR Oligohydramnios Polyhydramnios Child previously removed from custody because
of abuse Uterine abnormalities such as uterine septum or double uterus Previous uterine surgery for fibroids Chronic renal problems Hypertension Auto
immune condition Previous stroke or blod clot Cancer Domestic violence or abusive home Prisoners Homeless women
(borrowed from Dr Kitty) Breech Twins and higher order multiples Previous CS Pre-Eclampsia Placenta praevia Cervical incompetence Previous late stillbirth Previous premature birth Grand multiparty Age under 18 Age over 35 Smoking Drug
use Severe mental health issue Epilepsy
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Asthma GBS positive Abnormal antibodies Transplant recipient Congenital heart disease Known foetal abnormality Immunosuppressive medication MS Physical disability Intellectual disability Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Previous shoulder dystocia Previous 3rd or 4th degree tear Sickle
Cell anaemia BMI under 18 or over 35 at conception Previous massive PPH APH in current pregnancy HIV / AIDS Hepatitis B or C Active TB IUGR Oligohydramnios Polyhydramnios Child previously removed from custody because
of abuse Uterine abnormalities such as uterine septum or double uterus Previous uterine surgery for fibroids Chronic renal problems Hypertension Auto
immune condition Previous stroke or blod clot Cancer Domestic violence or abusive home Prisoners Homeless women
In the present study, the researchers have discovered a reason for reduced fertility in people with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
type 1 (APS1), which increases the risk
of developing autoimmune disease (caused by the
immune system attacking and damaging healthy
cells) and which is often
used as a model for autoimmune disease in general.
A
type of immune therapy known as PD - 1 blockade controlled cancer in 77 percent
of patients with defects in DNA mismatch repair — the system
cells use to spell - check and fix errors in DNA (SN Online: 10/7/15).
Patients with metastatic non-small
cell lung cancer will always progress after chemotherapy, so most patients go on to be treated with immunotherapy, a
type of therapy that
uses the body's
immune system to fight cancer.
«Other scientists will likely
use the technique to help them study
immune, heart and other
types of cells that
use calcium to perform their tasks,» Zhou said.
Using animal models
of precancerous polyps in the bowel, Chung and his team determined that certain
types of immune cells within a chronically inflamed intestine can become rewired, causing them — paradoxically — to contribute to disease development rather than protect against it.
Hoping to develop a more potent approach, medical oncologist Ron Levy
of Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, and colleagues
used mice to test the cancer - fighting capabilities
of some 20 molecules, including several
types of antibodies that activate
immune cells.
To better determine the role
of specific chemoattractants in
type III hypersensitivity, lead author Yoshishige Miyabe, MD, PhD, a research fellow in Luster's lab,
used multiphoton intravital microscopy — an imaging technology pioneered for studies
of immune cell movements in living animals by CIID investigator and co-author Thorsten Mempel, MD, PhD — to follow in real time the development
of IC - induced arthritis in a mouse model
of rheumatoid arthritis.
UC in May 2012 filed a patent for Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier (then
of Umeå University in Sweden), and their colleagues for their discovery that CRISPR, an
immune system
used by bacteria, could serve as a genome - editing tool in any
type of cell.
They were able to follow the activity
of the
immune cells using time - lapse 3 - D microscopy imaging
of fish retinas and found that neutrophils, the
type of immune cells that are typically the first responders to tissue injury, were largely unresponsive to photoreceptor death.
Researchers developed a new
type of cell transplantation to treat mice mimicking a rare lung disease that one day could be
used to treat this and other human lung diseases caused by dysfunctional
immune cells.
«Although right now we are focusing on developing a cancer vaccine, in the future we could be able to manipulate which
type of dendritic
cells or other
types of immune cells are recruited to the 3D scaffold by
using different kinds
of cytokines released from the MSRs,» said co-lead author Aileen Li, a graduate student pursuing her Ph.D. in bioengineering at Harvard SEAS.
Two
types of vaccines were
used for the study: one constructed with genetically engineered DNA molecules that teach
immune system
cells to recognize premalignant
cells expressing HPV16 E7 proteins, and one that is a non-infectious, engineered virus that targets and kills precancerous
cells marked by HPV16 and HPV18 E6 and E7 proteins.
A research team, led by Chao Cheng, Ph.D., Assistant Professor in the Department
of Genetics at The Geisel School
of Medicine at Dartmouth,
used gene expression data from breast cancer patients to computationally infer the presence
of different
types of immune cells.
Working in mice, Norbury's team
used several methods to deplete different
types of innate
immune cells — collectively known as myeloid
cells — at the three checkpoints before infecting the rodents with poxvirus.
Using her mouse model, Stromnes watched as pancreatic tumors developed and noticed that one
type of regulatory
immune cell stood out.
The current study involved monitoring the patients for one year after completed stem
cell transplantation and
used mass cytometry to study the different
cell types of the
immune system and the so called ProSeek method for simultaneous protein analysis.
«We showed that there are markers on these stomach tumour
cells that indicate they would be responsive to a
type of immunotherapy called
immune checkpoint inhibitors, in particular anti-PDL1 immunotherapy, which is already
used with great success in the treatment
of melanoma and certain other cancers.
If it does, then you might
use the approach
of making more beta
cells right at early onset
of the
type 1 disease to try and stop or reverse the
immune attack, making the
immune system think its made a mistake, inducing something called anergy by making more beta
cells.
We
use the Cre - loxP recombination system to generate mice with
cell type - specific inactivation
of the IL - 10 gene in order to identify cellular sources
of the cytokine that are relevant in various situations
of immune challenge.
IL - 15 is typically
used by the body to trigger the production
of Natural Killer (NK)
immune cells - a
type of white blood
cell used in fighting cancer and infection.
With bitters, digestive enzyme secretions are increased, helping to promote the complete breakdown
of nutrients into their absorbable units, preventing gas formation when large molecules are acted upon by bacteria further down the small intestine.2, 11 The complete breakdown
of proteins is particularly important, as the cross reactivity
of immune cells between undigested protein molecules and intestinal
cells plays an important role in the etiology
of conditions such as celiac disease.15 Insulin and glucagon secretions are stimulated, helping to stabilize blood sugar levels.3, 11 Many bitters formulations have been traditionally
used in the treatment
of type 2 diabetes, and it is interesting to point out that many naturally sweet substances are often paired with some bitterness in nature.4, 11 Herbalist Jim McDonald hypothesizes that our cravings for sweetness may mask cravings for bitterness for this reason.4
ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band
cell —
type of white blood
cell Baso basophil —
type of white blood
cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating
cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image
using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood
cell antibody test (
immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil —
type of white blood
cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake
of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver,
immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup
of white blood
cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood
cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red
cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed -
cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte —
type of white blood
cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red
cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed -
cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part
of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte —
type of white blood
cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood
cell — immature red blood
cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed -
cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet —
cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood
cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood
cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil —
type of white blood
cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood
cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)
To determine which, if any
of these factors might reflect a shift toward greater innate vs acquired
immune response, we
used a simultaneous regression to predict factor scores from
cell types using the original data set from Reinius et al. (2012).