Not exact matches
For this particular study, the research team
created a small library consisting
of different fly lines; in each line, a different set
of specific
neurons was genetically labeled and could be artificially activated, with each
neuron type secreting a different neuropeptide.
Action potentials can be
created by many
types of cells, but are used most extensively by the nervous system for communication between
neurons and to transmit information from
neurons to other body tissues such as muscles and glands.
To
create different cell
types in the lab, stem cells must be coaxed down the road
of determination — the branching paths that fetal cells normally travel to become
neurons, skin cells, muscle cells, or any number
of other cell
types.
Accurately labelling
neurons with markers such as fluorescence, he says, will probably be the key challenge in the eventual goal
of creating a «census»
of different cell
types in the brain.
Sundberg also plans to
create other
types of neurons for modeling ASD.
To
create the repository, the researchers are taking blood cells from Gulf War veterans and «reprogramming» them into their «pluripotent» state, which can then be transformed into any
type of cell, from a kidney to a
neuron.
Labeled antibodies, which bind to specific cell
types, allowed the researchers to determine which
types of neuron were being
created at which times.
SAN FRANCISCO, CA — Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes
created a special
type of neuron from human stem cells that could potentially repair spinal cord injuries.
Some cells differentiated themselves into various
types of the nerve cells (
neurons) found in several brain regions, while others remained «neural progenitors,»
creating a reservoir
of potential
neurons to be used later.
Among these achievements are the development
of new techniques for classifying different
types of neurons; automated methods for
creating wiring diagrams
of the connections between cells in the mammalian brain; new ways
of recording and manipulating the electrical activity
of hundreds, even thousands,
of cells simultaneously; and, advanced microscopes that allow researchers to visualize the activity
of all the cells in the brains
of small animals.