In a secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized study of fetal pulse oximetry, of 4,126 nulliparous women who reached the second stage of labor, none of the following neonatal outcomes was found to be related to the duration of the second stage, which in some cases was 5 hours or more: 5 - minute Apgar score of less than 4,
umbilical artery pH less than 7.0, intubation in the delivery room, need for admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, or neonatal sepsis (27).
The tests used to monitor fetal health include fetal movement counts, the nonstress test, biophysical profile, modified biophysical profile, contraction stress test, and Doppler ultrasound of
the umbilical artery.
(Some babies have a single
umbilical artery known as a two vessel cord.)
About one percent of all babies will have a two vessel umbilical cord, which is a single artery (Single
Umbilical Artery) rather than two.
They did whatever they needed to do to keep him stable (ventilator, cpap, abx, tpn,
umbilical artery lines, iv, bililights, etc etc) and also whatever tests were needed during the 5 weeks he was there (brain ultrasounds, chest x-rays, bloodwork, etc).
The fetus extracts the nutrients and oxygen it needs from your blood and then sends the deoxygenated blood back to your placenta through the two
umbilical arteries in the umbilical cord.
Not exact matches
Oxygenated blood enters your placenta from your
arteries and is sent via the
umbilical cord vein to your baby.
A later study carried out in London5 randomised 2475 women to receive routine Doppler ultrasound examination of the
umbilical and uterine
arteries at 19 - 22 weeks and at 32 weeks of pregnancy compared with women who received standard care without Doppler ultrasound.
«But the two
arteries and vein in the
umbilical cord are protected by a thick substance called Wharton's jelly, which cushions the vessels from serious damage.»
By contrast, environments that imitate the inside of a uterus continue delivering oxygen to the fetus via the
umbilical cord, or directly into the
arteries, which could avoid the lung damage.
Breed health concerns may include cataracts, glaucoma, distichia, retinal dysplasia, hyaloid
artery remnant disorder, hydrocephalus, open fontanelles,
umbilical hernias, ear infections, mitral valve disease, congestive heart failure, patellar luxation, patent ductus arteriosus, vertebral disc disease and «hanging tongue.»