«A future challenge is to combine the proposed method with the simulation of tropical cyclones in order to predict the area of crop damages
under global warming conditions,» said Masutomi.
To try to gain insight on this question, we have first attempted to go beyond the ~ 50 year historical record of Atlantic hurricanes and SST to examine even longer records of Atlantic tropical storm activity and second to examine dynamical models of Atlantic hurricane activity
under global warming conditions.
The report warns that,
under global warming conditions, Irene - like storms of the future could put a third of New York City streets under water and flood many of the tunnels leading into Manhattan in less than an hour.
Summer temperature standard deviation, skewness and strong positive temperature anomalies in the present day climate and
under global warming conditions
Not exact matches
For example, contrary to their assertion, current
conditions in the eastern Pacific are almost the antithesis of projected
conditions for most reef systems
under global warming and ocean acidification.
Dr Li said the latest research findings give a better understanding of changes in human - perceived equivalent temperature, and indicate
global warming has stronger long - term impacts on human beings
under both extreme and non-extreme weather
conditions, suggesting that climate change adaptation can not just focus on heat wave events, but should be extended to the whole range of effects of temperature increases.
This is what happens right now
under the
conditions of
global warming.
Such justification would then most likely center on whether,
under the introductory phrase of GATT Article XX, a US carbon duty, emission credit requirement or other regulation on imports is applied on a variable scale that takes account of local
conditions in foreign countries, including their own efforts to fight
global warming and the level of economic development in developing countries.
Bird species around the globe are
under threat from
global warming and other man - made
conditions, researchers warn.
By keeping corals alive
under lethal
conditions and restoring coral reefs where they can not recover naturally, we aim to restore the reef and its fisheries, to keep ecosystems from going extinct from
global warming, and to protect the shoreline from vanishing
under the waves.
By keeping corals alive
under lethal
conditions and restoring coral reefs where they can not recover naturally, we aim to restore the reef and its fisheries, to keep ecosystems from going extinct from
global warming, and to protect the shoreline from vanishing
under the waves.The erosion in the Gili islands is getting worse.
ESTIMATING THE PERMAFROST - CARBON FEEDBACK ON
GLOBAL WARMING A key uncertainty is the fraction of carbon that might be decomposed
under anaerobic
conditions — resulting potentially in methane emissions to the atmosphere.
There are a variety of debates
under way over the merits or perils of focusing on particular climate (and sea level) findings, or a particular season's
conditions, in discussing human - driven
global warming.
Using a recently developed hurricane synthesizer driven by large - scale meteorological variables derived from
global climate models, 1000 artificial 100 - yr time series of Atlantic hurricanes that make landfall along the U.S. Gulf and East Coasts are generated for four climate models and for current climate
conditions as well as for the
warmer climate of 100 yr hence
under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emissions scenario A1b.
Including open - water phytoplankton biomarkers as well as micropaleontological data, we demonstrate (1) that a permanent sea ice cover existed during MIS 6 and (2) that during the LIG sea ice was still present in the central Arctic Ocean during the spring / summer season even
under (
global) boundary
conditions significantly
warmer than the present.
report that ocean sediment cores containing an «undisturbed history of the past» have been analyzed for variations in PP over timescales that include the Little Ice Age... they determined that during the LIA the ocean off Peru had «low PP, diatoms and fish,» but that «at the end of the LIA, this
condition changed abruptly to the low subsurface oxygen, eutrophic upwelling ecosystem that today produces more fish than any region of the world's oceans... write that «in coastal environments, PP, diatoms and fish and their associated predators are predicted to decrease and the microbial food web to increase
under global warming scenarios,» citing Ito et al..
In other words,
under solar or anthropogenic influence the changes in mean climate values, such as the
global temperature, are less important than increased duration of certain climate patterns associated say with cold
conditions in some regions and
warm conditions in the other regions
«Climate science» as it is used by warmists implies adherence to a set of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will
warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate of rise of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates of change of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5)
global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued use of fossil fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The
global average temperature
under this
condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The negative impact on humanity of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2 emissions (reducing emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2 emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.
A number of studies have highlighted relationships between low - cloud amount changes
under global warming and modeled variations of low clouds with changes in specific meteorological
conditions (such as surface temperature, inversion strength, subsidence)(Qu et.
Under those
conditions, the spread of fires in the boreal forests of Eurasia would greatly increase once such a fire is started.23 If
global warming continues at its current pace, the annual fire season in these boreal forests are likely to start earlier and end later, and become more severe.5, 7,6,15
Although we can not say at present whether more or fewer hurricanes will occur in the future with
global warming, the hurricanes that do occur near the end of the 21st century are expected to be stronger and have significantly more intense rainfall than
under present day climate
conditions.
Understandably, given the magnitude of the looming
global problem, Cox feels we all ought to get accustomed to living and working
under somewhat
warmer summertime
conditions.
However in the case of Randi one need only demonstrate one phenomenon that defies rational explanation, but with the
global warming and evolution challenges one has to prove a theory holds in all cases and
under all
conditions — a bar which can be placed arbitrarily high.
Scientists expect rainfall extremes to change in Europe
under future climate
conditions responding to changes in large - scale atmospheric circulation driven by
global warming.