Sentences with phrase «under projected warming»

Simulations suggest that rising CO2 may favour C3 forms at the expense of African C4 grasses (Thuiller et al., 2006b), even under projected warming.

Not exact matches

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«Under climate change, the Pacific Islands region is projected to become warmer, less oxygenated, more acidic, and have lower production of plankton that form the base of oceanic food webs,» said lead author Rebecca Asch, Nereus Program alumnus and Assistant Professor at East Carolina University.

According to Cheng Guodong, one of the project's master scientists, the permafrost directly under the rail bed may be thinning, but it is holding firm, and that bodes well for its ability to withstand further warming.

Modelling flood risk in Europe — global warming the biggest influence In the framework of the HELIX FP7 Project, scientists analysed the differences in projected changes in flood risk at country scale under global warming scenarios of 1.5, 2 and 3 degrees from pre-industrial levels, and discussed reasons for the observed outcomes.

Damage from floods across Europe is projected to more than double, from a 113 % average increase if warming is kept to 1.5 °C, to 145 % under the 3 °C scenario.

Although average summer storm activity decreases, the most intense winter storms are projected to increase in frequency under continued global warming.

According to the study, the models project that ocean warming will be even more pronounced than suggested by coarser models under increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2.

For example, contrary to their assertion, current conditions in the eastern Pacific are almost the antithesis of projected conditions for most reef systems under global warming and ocean acidification.

He looked at both average seasonal snowfall and extreme snowfall events under current climate conditions, and also following projected future warming.

«With the hydrological cycle projected to change under global warming, impacting upper - ocean stratification and mixing, the results from this study have potentially important implications for understanding future tropical cyclone activity.»

And the researchers say: «The projected ocean surface warming pattern under increasing greenhouse gas forcing suggests that typhoons striking eastern mainland China, Taiwan, Korea and Japan will intensify further.

Thus under the same assumptions as Micheals, Hansen would project a much larger warming.

Fyfe, J.C., G.J. Boer, and G.M. Flato, 1999: The Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations and their projected changes under global warming.

The team also have a separate project, called Climate feedbacks from wetlands and permafrost thaw in a warming world (CLIFFTOP), which aims to quantity the amount of methane likely to be released from thawing permafrost methane emissions under 1.5 C and 2C scenarios.

In some cases he added a brush drawing of a mask - like face and thereby, in conjunction with the warm under - color, hinting — almost imperceptibly — at the painter's larger project: employing a rigorously systematic approach (geometry and monochromatic color) to generate images of remarkable emotional force.

On a related front, a new paper in the journal Nature Communications (available in full online) projects deep reductions in litter size in the polar bear population along the western shores of Hudson Bay, should the open - water season continue to lengthen as foreseen under the warming influence of accumulating greenhouse gases.

However, Helbig et al. [2017], using a set of nested paired eddy covariance flux towers in a boreal forest - wetland landscape, point to the increasing importance of warming temperatures on ecosystem respiration potentially overwhelming enhanced productivity occurring from land cover change under projected anthropogenic trends.

The region has warmed substantially — nearly 2 °F since 1900 — and Oregon's climate is projected to warm on average 3 — 7 °F by the 2050s and 5 — 11 °F by the 2080s under continued increasing greenhouse gas emissions.

«[1] Projections of 21st century warming may be derived by using regression - based methods to scale a model's projected warming up or down according to whether it under - or over-predicts the response to anthropogenic forcings over the historical period.

Gillett et al. derive the TCR by using a regression - based method to scale the model's projected warming up or down according to whether it under - or over-predicts the response to anthropogenic forcings over the historical period.

They use a regression - based method to scale the model - projected warming up or down according to whether it under - or over-predicts the response to anthropogenic forcings over the historical period.

These models project a large, 8.3 °C warming by the end of the century under a business as usual scenario, further highlighting the need for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Under future warming, further shifts in streamflow timing are projected for the rivers draining the western Sierra Nevada, including the four considered in this study.

The nonprofit Climate Interactive projected that if all countries» existing carbon reduction pledges are «fully implemented, with no further action,» global temperatures will rise 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by 2100, which is 1 degree less than the 4.5 degrees Celsius of projected warming that would occur under «business as usual.»

That would be 0.9 degrees Celsius below the amount of warming that Climate Action Tracker projects to occur under current policies, and 1.4 to 2.1 degrees Celsius below the amount of warming the group predicts would occur in the absence of any global warming policies.

The RCP8.5 2090 Prediction ratio using the OLR seasonal cycle predictor is under half that using all predictors — it implies a 6 % uplift in projected warming, not «about 15 %».

In those regions, cereal grain yields are projected to decline under climate change scenarios, across the full range of expected warming... Thus, countries with the lowest incomes may be the hardest hit.»

«Projected changes in drought occurrence under future global warming from multi-model, multi-scenario, IPCC AR4 simulations.»

«Climate science» as it is used by warmists implies adherence to a set of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate of rise of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates of change of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5) global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued use of fossil fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The global average temperature under this condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The negative impact on humanity of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2 emissions (reducing emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2 emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.

We estimate that anthropogenic influence has caused a more than 60-fold increase in the likelihood of the extreme warm 2013 summer since the early 1950s, and project that similarly hot summers will become even more frequent in the future, with fully 50 % of summers being hotter than the 2013 summer in two decades even under the moderate RCP4.5 emissions scenario.

The models never under - projected the rate of warming.

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Elevated sea temperatures drive impacts such as mass coral bleaching and mortality (very high confidence), with an analysis of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) ensemble projecting the loss of coral reefs from most sites globally by 2050 under mid to high rates of ocean warming (very likely).

Mediterranean - type ecosystems were not explicitly reviewed in the TAR, but threats from desertification were projected due to expansion of adjacent semi-arid and arid systems under relatively minor warming and drying scenarios.

One projected (and possibly already detected) result of global warming is an extension of the poleward arm of the Hadley cell that will cause an expansion of the area under the drying influence of subtropical high pressure (2, 20).

IPCC projected 0.2 C / decade warming under a range of emission scenarios.

In their study, Dim Coumou, from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, and Alexander Robinson, from Universidad Complutense de Madrid, used state - of - the - art climate models to project changes in the trend of heat extremes under two future warming scenarios — RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 — throughout the 21st century.

Born in 1941, he became a climatologist at the University of Iowa, developed the groundbreaking «Zero Model» for projecting climate change, and later became the head of climate research at NASA, only to leave under pressure when, while still a federal employee, he filed a lawsuit against the federal government charging inaction on warming (along the way he got arrested a few times for protesting, too).

MIS 11 also appears to have been possibly the warmest and longest interglacial of the past 5 million years and had an extended period with little or no continental ice, which is projected to occur under some future global warming scenarios.

Some models predict the 2 °C warming threshold of the 2015 Paris Agreement will be crossed in the 2030s, irrespective of emission scenarios; others project that the 2 °C threshold will not be reached before the 2060s, even under high - emission scenarios.

If we exceed the world carbon budget of one trillion tons burned (RCP 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5), the models project the planet will keep warming and it will be virtually impossible to bring global average temperature back under the two degrees Celsius threshold.

«It will therefore be prudent to further reduce the flow of anthropogenic [human - created] nutrients to Walden Pond under the warmer, wetter conditions that most climate models project for New England during the 21st century.»

Last week, the UK published a report that projected that in the 2080s temperatures could, under a business - as - usual approach, increase to «12 degrees C warmer on the hottest summer days and sea levels could rise by 36 cm.»

It also identifies regions where the largest climate changes are projected under high - end warming.

For DJF (figure 4a), the spatial extent of the maximum and minimum areas projected to experience the highest climate changes under a global warming of 4 °C is very different, highlighting the uncertainty that mostly originates from the different temperature changes projected by the models.

As expected, we found that at mid - and high latitudes, projected warming will reduce the number of days below freezing, resulting in more suitable growing days (the average global number of days above freezing will increase by 2 %, 5 %, and 7 % under RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5, respectively; Fig 2A, S5A — S5D Fig, S6A — S6C Fig)[35].

1.5 º C is the amount of warming projected with a doubling of CO2, but under current emissions trends, CO2 levels are on track to go well beyond doubling.

Arctic sea - ice cover will diminish rapidly under global warming, but its rate of retreat in boreal winter shows large intermodel differences across the models involved in Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project...