But Claymore employs a market maker, or designated broker, to make sure the bid and ask spreads don't get too wide and still reflect
the underlying value of the fund.
However, the sale price might not always reflect
the underlying value of the fund's assets.
Not exact matches
Adaptive Portfolio accounts will be charged annual fees
of 0.3 %
of account
value, plus the expense ratios
of the
underlying funds, for a peak
of around 0.55 % for ETF - only
funds and 0.8 % for hybrids.
The
fund and the VelocityShares Daily Inverse VIX Short - Term ETN (XIV) lost roughly 95 %
of their combined
value last week when the
underlying VIX more than doubled in a single day.
A bond
fund with a longer average maturity will see its net asset
value (NAV) react more dramatically to changes in interest rates as the prices
of the
underlying bonds in the portfolio increase or decline.
The GBTC trades like a closed - end -
fund usually at a price that is substantially different than the
value of the
underlying asset, and does not possess the ability to create or redeem shares in the open market.
No matter which index you choose, the one thing all indexes have in common is that the
value of the index
fund will change proportionally to the
underlying stocks contained in the index.
Oakmark International
Fund: The percentages
of hedge exposure for each foreign currency are calculated by dividing the market
value of all same - currency forward contracts by the market
value of the
underlying equity exposure to that currency.
While many
of our peers have launched private investment
funds to capitalize on the start - up trend, we will be sticking to our knitting — investing in companies that we understand and can reasonably predict and that are trading at a meaningful discount to their
underlying business
value.
Oakmark Global
Fund: The percentages
of hedge exposure for each foreign currency are calculated by dividing the market
value of all same - currency forward contracts by the market
value of the
underlying equity exposure to that currency.
If a lot
of people invest in vanguard life strategy is there not a danger that the
underlying share /
funds will be over
valued.
But it's important to note that it's difficult to compare venture capital and ICOs by dollars raised, as ICO dollar amounts vary widely by market conditions as well as the
value of the
underlying currency it accepted as
funds.
This is in contrast to other mutual
funds that tend to trade based on the net asset
value of the
underlying certificate.
Furthermore, closed - end
funds can (and often do) trade at prices that are disconnected from the
underlying value of their investments.
However, they are generally equally or more secure when compared to stable
value funds as their
underlying investments are in large part made up
of U.S. government securities.
However, the
Fund may experience a loss even when the entire
value of its stock portfolio is hedged if the returns
of the stocks held by the
Fund do not exceed the returns
of the securities and financial instruments used to hedge, or if the exercise prices
of the
Fund's call and put options differ, so that the combined loss on these options during a market advance exceeds the gain on the
underlying stock index.
This means that the
value of the
underlying positions represented by options is not expected to exceed 50 %
of the
value of the
Fund's net assets at the time
of investment.
Authorized participants receive the same
value of the
underlying security in the
fund after selling shares.
An inverse ETF is an exchange - traded
fund (ETF) constructed by using various derivatives for the purpose
of profiting from a decline in the
value of an
underlying benchmark.
Most
of the large tracking error in the Vanguard MSCI U.S. Broad Market (VUS) was likely the result
of currency hedging, but its annual report also cites «differences between the market price and net asset
value of the
underlying US domiciled Vanguard
funds in which the ETF invests.»
Mutual
fund share
value, known as net asset
value NAV, is calculated and announced once at the end
of the trading day based on share prices
of a portfolio's
underlying securities.
Using the previous example, the
Fund's actual average trading impact
of 0.18 % versus mid-market prices would be about 3 cents on an option
valued at 14.50, and would represent about 0.005 % based on the notional
value of that
underlying index.
By contrast, ETF investors typically can not measure their trading costs because they don't have access to a reliable measure
of underlying fund value at the time
of trade execution.
Share prices can deviate from the
fund's net asset
value of the
underlying securities it holds, as market forces
of supply and demand can lead to a trading discount or premium.
The shares
of the Spain
Fund, Inc., a closed - end mutual fund investing in publicly traded Spanish securities, were bid up in price from approximately net asset value (NAV)-- the combined market value of the underlying investments divided by the number of shares outstanding — to more than twice that le
Fund, Inc., a closed - end mutual
fund investing in publicly traded Spanish securities, were bid up in price from approximately net asset value (NAV)-- the combined market value of the underlying investments divided by the number of shares outstanding — to more than twice that le
fund investing in publicly traded Spanish securities, were bid up in price from approximately net asset
value (NAV)-- the combined market
value of the
underlying investments divided by the number
of shares outstanding — to more than twice that level.
Although short - term bond
funds can lose
value if interest rates rise, they're less risky than long - term bond
funds because
of the short duration
of their
underlying bonds.
The Spain
Fund priced at twice net asset
value was another example
of trading sardines; the only possible reason for buying the Spain
Fund rather than the
underlying securities was the belief that its shares would appreciate to an even more overpriced level.
Investors should understand that because
of the complex financial methods used by commodities
funds, they may have more risk than simply the
value of the
underlying assets.
This means the net asset
value of the
fund is going up at the same pace as the
value of the dividends plus the capital gains
of the
underlying stocks.
The last three trade close to the
value of their
underlying assets, but the PIMCO
fund regularly trades at a 50 % premium to net asset
value.
Variable Life Insurance (VUL) provides the flexibility
of Universal Life, but also the potential to increase your cash
value by allocating your money into various sub-accounts that invest directly in the
underlying asset class, similar to mutual
funds.
But while an ETF's NAV is the best estimate
of that
fund's
underlying value, it's still just an estimate — especially for bonds.
Although the mutual
fund might have a tame 10 % return for the year, one
of the
underlying stocks in the
fund might have doubled and two others lost 50 %
of their
value during the year.
Mutual
funds are typically purchased from and sold back to the investment company and priced at the end
of the trading day, with the price determined by the net asset
value (NAV)
of the
underlying securities.
The initial Margin is used to cover the purchase, the maintenance margin is used to ask additional
funds in case the
value of the
underlying equity changes drastically before settlement.
However, the 5 % bonus does not actually increase the
value of your
underlying fund; it just increases the amount you can withdraw after you retire.
«As
of that date, institutional prime money - market
funds will be required to float their net asset
value, based on the market
value of the
underlying investments,» he warns.
The
value of these holdings will evolve over time — given performance differences in the
underlying funds — and the investor or plan sponsor will eventually face the challenge
of finding an effective rebalancing methodology.
The performance and market
values of an account containing Vanguard or Dimensional
underlying funds include the deduction
of any
underlying fund expense ratios.)
A bond mutual
fund's share price is always exactly its net asset
value, or the
value of the
underlying securities in its portfolio.
Variable Life Insurance: A variation
of permanent life insurance that offers cash
values that fluctuate based on the performance
of the
underlying mutual
funds in the investment account.
On the other hand, thanks to the arbitrage mechanism that all ETFs have and similar to open - end mutual
fund valuation, the
value of an ETF as traded stays very close to the net asset
value of the
underlying securities in the ETF, with a spread
of around 1 % if any.
Another problem with ETFs is they can trade at a premium above the
underlying market
value of the securities contained in the
fund, and at other times they can trade at a discount.
Because all NextShares trading prices are based on end -
of - day NAV, it makes no difference to a NextShares market maker whether the
fund's
underlying value goes up or down over the course
of the day.
The
fund seeks investment results that generally correspond to the performance
of the
underlying index that aims to identify companies that have strong quality scores relative to their peers, while also looking at the
value scores
of the securities to avoid those quality companies that are potentially over-priced.
Intraday Indicative
Value (IIV): The IIV is an estimate of the real - time value of the Fund's underlying holdings based on current market prices and should not be viewed as a projection of NAV, which is determined at the end of the
Value (IIV): The IIV is an estimate
of the real - time
value of the Fund's underlying holdings based on current market prices and should not be viewed as a projection of NAV, which is determined at the end of the
value of the
Fund's
underlying holdings based on current market prices and should not be viewed as a projection
of NAV, which is determined at the end
of the day.
You receive shares based on the actual closing market price
of the
fund, and that is based on the actual
value of the
underlying securities, and it is the same whether you buy or sell shares.
If market makers can not arbitrage differences between an ETF's price and
underlying value and can not effectively hedge their intraday
fund positions, the ETF can not be expected to trade within a consistently narrow range
of underlying value.
Third, in the case
of either actively managed
funds or index
funds, it can be evidence that increases in common stock prices have outpaced increases in
underlying corporate
values.
Like a mutual
fund, ETFs are open - ended, meaning that new units
of the
fund can be created or redeemed at a price per unit that reflects the market
value of the
underlying securities the
fund holds.