It is nowadays widely accepted that the water in complex
biological processes plays a
key role, however it is still not fully
understood, due to the technical challenges associated with probing real - time changes in water dynamics during reaction.
«Better knowledge of the magnitude and time scale of the evolutionary changes is the
key to properly
understanding the
biological processes and for correct development of efficient conservation measures,» concludes Orizaola.
Moreover, given that point mutations are acquired through DNA copy - errors (and / or failure of DNA damage repair mechanisms) during replication, preferentially within the paternal germline, a detailed knowledge of these basic
biological processes is
key to
understanding the patterns of nucleotide substitutions.
Thus, the ability to measure DNAme in single cells has the potential to make important contributions to the
understanding of several
key biological processes, such as embryonic development, disease progression and aging.
Less well
understood by the scientific communities interested in hurricanes — from their basic physics to improved forecasts — and the
processes controlling
key physical and
biological variables in the upper ocean, are the details of coupled interactions between tropical cyclones and the ocean.
Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial
biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy
processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on
key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to
understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in
understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.