As The NY Times noted in discussing Draper: «financially comfortable characters are hardly spared the mess of
unhappy marriages and the toll of heavy drinking.»
Marriage is the central relationship for the majority of adults, and morbidity and mortality are reliably lower for married individuals than unmarried individuals across such diverse health threats as cancer, heart attacks, and surgery.1 - 4 Although loss of a spouse through death or divorce can provoke adverse mental and physical health changes,1,5 - 7 the simple presence of a spouse is not necessarily protective; a troubled marriage is itself a prime source of stress, while simultaneously limiting the partner's ability to seek support in other relationships.8 The impact of a turbulent marriage is substantial; for example, epidemiological data demonstrated that
unhappy marriages were a potent risk factor for major depressive disorder, associated with a 25-fold increase relative to untroubled marriages.9 Similarly, other researchers found a 10-fold increase in risk for depressive symptoms associated with marital discord.10
These results are consistent with studies detecting gender differences in emotional responses to
unhappy marriages; women are more likely than men to acknowledge and respond to negative interactions (Carstensen et al., 1995).
«It is not a lack of love, but a lack of friendship that makes
unhappy marriages.»
Oprah has a much more acerbic response: «It's a myth, and one that has probably been solely responsible for thousands of
unhappy marriages.»
Friedrich Nietzsche said, «It is not a lack of love, but a lack of friendship that makes
unhappy marriages.»
But in fact
unhappy marriages do resemble each other in one overriding way: they followed the same, specific, downward spiral before coming to a sad end.
Researchers analyzed a data set of American families stretching from 1987 to 2003 to track how children of divorce and
unhappy marriages turned out.
So lack of intimacy among couples is one of the reasons for
unhappy marriages.
I get adults in
unhappy marriages that ask if anything will change if their spouse refuses to attend, teens who manifest symptoms so that they can enter therapy only to tell me that it is their relationship with family that is causing them distress.
Like the maze of the Medina, where you have to hire a guide to get you in and out, our court system is so complicated, with forms that are hard to understand and complete, some people just give up and stay in
unhappy marriages rather than deal with it.
Your unhappy marriages are not all your spouses» faults.
Despite the headline, I'm not suggesting that people live unhappy lives or in
unhappy marriages.
The Chicago Tribune asked its readers, «Should couples stay in
unhappy marriages for the sake of the kids?»
While couples counsellors might prescribe some «work» to resurrect the passion in
unhappy marriages, those who continue to make each other a priority from the get - go would ideally see spending time together and caring about each other's experiences and opinions as enjoyable.
There is a basic fact that holds a lot of people back from leaving
unhappy marriages — when you are divorced, you will have to share time with your children.
«Put an end to the clashes that typify
unhappy marriages.
This creates in
unhappy marriages and unhappy lives.
Some parents are so worried that they remain in
unhappy marriages, believing it will protect their offspring from the trauma of divorce.
The bottom line: fewer couples are willing to put up with
unhappy marriages than in the past.
Indeed it seems reasonable to surmise that the bond we observe to persist in
unhappy marriages is an adult development of childhood attachment» (p. 138).
It used to be the other way around - «Sticking together» for the sake of the children was what many believed in before divorce was liberalized in the 70's, which was the reason for many
unhappy marriages.
I found a study from the University of Chicago which surveyed couples who claim to have turned around previously
unhappy marriages.
Psychologist Darby Saxbe reports that women in chronically
unhappy marriages can often be on a «roller coaster ride» of stress levels that rise and fall so frequently that eventually the body stops being able to relax easily.
Researchers Elizabeth Robinson and Gail Price found that couples in
unhappy marriages tend to underestimate the number of positive interactions in their marriage by 50 %.
So while I do feel strongly that
unhappy marriages can be saved, I still don't feel convinced that counseling plays a significant role in saving most marriages.
In reality, deal making and contracts, quid pro quo, mostly operate in
unhappy marriages.
One difference between happy and
unhappy marriages is the tendency among happy couples to stand together during hard times, rather than against or away from each other.
But Dr. Gottman's research indicates that a majority of wives — even in
unhappy marriages — already do this.
In
unhappy marriages, even amazing repair attempts fall on deaf ears.
For the millions caught in
unhappy marriages, consumed by sadness, anger, and fear, the question haunts: «Should I divorce?»
The Unhappy marriages, in their research, came up short in at least one of the seven principles.
Until the liberalization of divorce that began in the 1970s, many middle class parents in
unhappy marriages stayed married «for the sake of the children.»
That's the choice of many who were exposed to
unhappy marriages or divorce while growing up or whose own first marriage ended up in divorce.
Children from these «good» divorces had less successful marriages than those from happy marriages, those from divorces that protected them from harm as children, and even those from
unhappy marriages.
Some unhappy marriages can be saved with work and dedication from both partners.
Because
unhappy marriages tank productivity and breakups cost employers money.
Perhaps those who had remarried were happier than those who stayed in
unhappy marriages?
In addition, the most
unhappy marriages reported the most dramatic turnarounds: Among those who rated their marriages as very unhappy, [27] almost eight out of 10 who avoided divorce were happily married five years later.
At the same time, these personal interviews provide important clues for family scholars, policy makers, journalists, counselors, and clergy about how and why
unhappy marriages that do improve first avoid divorce and eventually get happier.
She works with clients who are looking for advice and support to repair
their unhappy marriages before considering divorce.
«People in
unhappy marriages do not look to divorce as a way to restructure the relationship with their partners.
In addition, the most
unhappy marriages reported the most dramatic turnarounds.
The researchers also found that even for nonviolent men, jealousy was linked to
unhappy marriages.
Some stayed in
unhappy marriages because they could not afford to leave, having spent many years as homemakers and mothers and having no job skills or experience.
The most
unhappy marriages experienced the most dramatic turnarounds: Seventy - eight percent of adults who said their marriages were very unhappy [24] and who avoided divorce ended up happily married five years later.
However, marital violence occurred in only a minority of
unhappy marriages: Twenty - one percent of unhappily married adults who divorced reported husband - to - wife violence compared to nine percent of unhappy spouses who stayed married.
Increasingly though, a fourth category has emerged over the years — those over 55 who no longer want or feel the need to stay in
unhappy marriages.
They're all in
unhappy marriages to women who exist in the movie solely to give jealous looks (that are, as it turns out, more than earned), make suspicious accusations (that, again, are correct), turn vindictive, and otherwise — in the movie's mind — justify why these men would want to seek out other female companionship.
Where Hardy went, misery followed, and while this bucolic yarn feels like The Wizard of Oz next to such angst fests as Tess of the d'Urbervilles or Jude the Obscure, it's full of
the unhappy marriages, tragic deaths, thwarted lovers and frustrated ambitions that crowd the margins of his other work.