Sentences with phrase «units of standard deviation»

Between - group effect sizes were determined by measuring the difference in magnitude of change between treatment and comparison groups in units of standard deviation.

The Darwin - based SOI, in normalized units of standard deviation, from 1866 to 2005 (Können et al., 1998; lower right) features monthly values with an 11 - point low - pass filter, which effectively removes fluctuations with periods of less than eight months (Trenberth, 1984).

These maps include Northern Hemisphere summer and Southern Hemisphere winter; later we separate data by hemisphere to focus on a specific season, but it is apparent that observed anomalies in units of standard deviation are of comparable magnitude in the opposite hemisphere / season.

We illustrate observed variability of seasonal mean surface air temperature emphasizing the distribution of anomalies in units of the standard deviation, including comparison of the observed distribution of anomalies with the normal distribution («bell curve») that the lay public may appreciate.

Winter trends in units of standard deviations are comparable to those in summer but tend to be smaller.

Not exact matches

With respect to the adequacy of weight gain in these infants, using > 2z score units (standard deviations) below a mean of 0 to define inadequate weight gain, 8 % and 6 % of infants in the fluoxetine and the no medication groups, respectively, fell into this classification at the time of the first postnatal measurement.

Figure 5 - June - August surface temperature anomalies in 2009 - 2011 in units of °C (a), and in units of the local standard deviation of local seasonal - mean temperature (b).

December - February surface temperature anomalies 2009 - 2011 in units of °C (a), and in units of the local standard deviation of local seasonal - mean temperature (b).

A two - unit improvement in the inspection rating, such as from Satisfactory to Outstanding, is associated with an even larger increase of 0.21 standard deviations.

A two - unit increase in the inspection rating is associated with an increase of 0.17 standard deviations in the parent satisfaction measure.

To put these units in context, the average middle school student gains about a quarter of a standard deviation per year; for elementary students, the average gain is between a third and a half of a standard deviation.

The vertical axis measures the effect of California Math relative to the composite alternative in student standard deviation units.

The impacts are presented as effect sizes (which represent the differences between groups in standard deviation units) for eight measured outcomes across the domains of literacy, language, and math.

Further, using CREDO's days of learning conversion, this standard deviation unit decrease is the equivalent of losing 68 days of learning — more than one - third of an entire school year.57 This conversion assumes that students learn, on average, the equivalent of one - quarter of a standard deviation unit — 0.25 — per year.

Sharpe Ratio uses a fund's standard deviation and its excess return (the difference between the fund's return and the risk ‐ free return of 90 ‐ day Treasury Bills) to determine reward per unit of risk.

In addition to your portfolio return, we also provide the Sharpe ratio, which represents the real return (return obtained, less the risk - free return) of each unit of risk (standard deviation).

The square root of variance, or standard deviation, has the same unit form as the data series being analyzed and is such more commonly used to measure risk.

Particularly damning is Hansen's climate dice analysis showing the spatial distribution of heat events around the globe in standard deviation units (slide 42); the enormous increase in heat events exceeding 2 sigma and 3 sigma within the last decade show an undeniable pattern of increasing extremes.

The mean and standard deviation are given in units of °C per year but they could be multiplied by ten to give them in °C per decade.

In (d — f) the temperature units are °C per standard deviation of the PC per 30 years; the sea ice units are percent / − 10 per standard deviation of the PC per 30 years; the Z850 contours are meters per standard deviation of the PC per 30 years, and the contour spacing is 10 m, with positive values solid lines and negative values dashed lines

The temperature units are °C per standard deviation of the PC; the sea ice units are percent / − 10 per standard deviation of the PC; the Z850 contours are meters per standard deviation of the PC, and the contour spacing is 10 m, with positive values solid lines and negative values dashed lines.

June — July — August surface temperature anomalies over Northern Hemisphere land in 1955, 1965, 1975, and 2006 — 2011 relative to 1951 — 1980 base period in units of the local 1951 — 1980 standard deviation.

June — July — August surface temperature anomalies in 1955, 1965, 1975, and in 2006 — 2011 relative to 1951 — 1980 mean temperature in units of the local detrended 1981 — 2010 standard deviation of temperature.

To explain the basic findings of these studies, we first need to get a bit technical and explain a unit called the standard deviation.

To detect a reduction of 0.3 standard deviation units in the mean score for the primary outcomes with 80 % power at the two sided significance level of 0.05, 175 children would be needed for each of the intervention and control groups.

The author gives initial examples of standard deviation using lifespan and IQ, objectively measurable units.