Not exact matches
Science questions the answers, e.g. hurricanes are caused by warm moist ocean air being drawn
up into the
cooler atmosphere and creating a wind pattern though we are still open to consider other factors that may have influence on this cycle.
Cool -
atmosphere moves
up uncovered lattice for expanded air dissemination and makes a head rest
«But our research suggests that the dynamics of the
atmosphere might stop this relative
cooling from showing
up in Europe in winter in the decades following an Atlantic
cooling.»
Moreover, that region often experiences what meteorologists call a temperature inversion, where temperatures in the lowest levels of the
atmosphere are
cooler than those higher
up.
«The biological processes that take
up carbon from the
atmosphere even take place in and under the ice — if that ice is not too thick — which is why the biological processes persisted for a lot longer during
cooler periods,» the authors said.
«It is true that they do warm climate by strong methane emissions when they first form, but on a longer - term scale, they switch to become climate
coolers because they ultimately soak
up more carbon from the
atmosphere than they ever release.»
Normally when you move away from a hot source the environment gets
cooler, but some mechanism is clearly at work in the solar
atmosphere, the corona, to bring the temperatures
up so high.
While CME material slamming into Earth's
atmosphere can cause temperature spikes of
up to 750 degrees Fahrenheit, the nitric oxide created by the energy infusion can subsequently
cool it by about 930 F, said Knipp.
While the shock waves from CMEs pour energy into Earth's upper
atmosphere, puffing it
up and heating it, they also cause the formation of the trace chemical nitric oxide, which then rapidly
cools and shrinks it, she said.
As the bloated star ages, this extended outer
atmosphere cools and contracts, then soaks
up more energy from the star and again puffs out: with each successive cycle of expansion and contraction the
atmosphere puffs out a little farther.
Various aerosols also rise
up in the
atmosphere, but their net effect on global warming or
cooling is still uncertain, as some aerosols reflect sunlight away from Earth, and others, in contrast, trap warmth in the
atmosphere.
Reportedly they can withstand high temperature
up to 150 degrees Celsius and cold temperature
cooled to absolute zero, and high pressure
up to 75,000
atmospheres in a state called «anhydrobiosis».
His team tested and rejected the idea that basaltic rocks thrown
up by the volcano interacted with carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere to cause the
cooling.
By studying carbon dioxide in planet's
atmosphere via spectroscopy and measuring its orbit and mass more precisely for the first time since its discovery some 15 years ago, the team found that the planet's
atmosphere appears to be
cooler higher
up, contrary to what was expected.
That is due to a thermal lag; it takes less time to heat
up the
atmosphere than it takes for it to
cool off.
Let's move to the present though... Today on a gloriously sunny
cool day, I had some free time and went to soak
up some
atmosphere in Notting Hill and Golborne Road.
If you want to make the most of the town's relaxing
atmosphere, then head
up to the roof terrace of Aguas de Ibiza hotel to enjoy a
cool cocktail and brilliant views of the Marina.
Just
up the coast from Puerto Vallarta, you'll find the village of Sayulita, which is fast becoming one of the
coolest spots in Mexico with a reputation for great surfing and a laid - back, boho
atmosphere.
Partly covered and partly al fresco, it catches
cool sea breezes as you soak
up the club's
atmosphere whilst also being able to enjoy a little privacy in a stylish environment where fine food and service reign supreme.
The notion that the
atmosphere cooled mid-century due to the emission of such aerosols and then drastically heated
up thanks to the clean air act is myopic.
There's also a number of interesting applications in the evolution of Earth's
atmosphere that branch off from the runaway greenhouse physics, for example how fast a magma - ocean covered early Earth ends
up cooling — you can't lose heat to space of more than about 310 W / m2 or so for an Earth - sized planet with an efficient water vapor feedback, so it takes much longer for an
atmosphere - cloaked Earth to
cool off from impact events than a body just radiating at sigmaT ^ 4.
«A rapid cutback in greenhouse gas emissions could speed
up global warming... because current global warming is offset by global dimming — the 2 - 3ºC of
cooling cause by industrial pollution, known to scientists as aerosol particles, in the
atmosphere.»
Primarily, they affect what's going on higher
up in the
atmosphere, which warms the whole troposphere (which is yoked together by convection so it tends to warm and
cool as a unit).
If you were in a situation where there was initially more precipitation than radiative
cooling could handle, then the
atmosphere could just warm
up until the radiative
cooling increased — though then you'd have to worry about how much the warming affects precipitation, etc..
Adding more optical thickness to the same band reduces OLR in that band,
cooling at least some portion of the upper
atmosphere up to the TOA level, and increases in OLR outside that band results in some portion of that
cooling remaining at full equilibrium (as expained by Andy Lacis).
For the upper -
atmosphere cooling, I simply remark that infrared coming
up from below is blocked more, as more greenhouse gases are added, so of course it's
cooler above the blocking.
Polar stratospheric injection of sulphur is probably the technique we'll end
up trying, but keeping your feet warm (tropics) and head
cool (poles) while adding thick blankets (GHGs) over your whole body is a difficult task when the pesky
atmosphere keeps scattering your AC units (sulphur)
The heat sink is the cold bottom water which the heat engine can pump
up to
cool the ocean surface and the overlying
atmosphere.
We can divide the
atmosphere into a lower part (LP), which includes the surface and is the source of IR, and an upper part (
UP), which we are asked to assume will
cool when CO2 increases, in conjunction with the expected warming of LP from the enhanced greenhouse effect.
This will clear
up any confusion about non-greenhouse gases not being able to emit and absorb thermal radiation i.e. the mistaken notion that an
atmosphere without greenhouse gases would not be able to
cool itself by thermal radiation.
Some of these climate drivers result in warming and others lead to
cooling, but when all the natural and human - induced climate drivers are stacked
up and compared to one another, the accumulation of human - released heat - trapping gases in the
atmosphere is so large that it has very likely swamped other climate drivers over the past half century, leading to observed global warming.
Elsewhere, notably on the west coasts of continents, the winds blow away surface water; colder water from below wells
up to replace it and
cools the
atmosphere.
Just as Earth took a while to
cool down after the end of the Pliocene era, «one of the implications of the study is that Earth today is trying to catch
up to the level of warming that we've put into the
atmosphere.
P.s. Myrrh is correct on some things 100 %, on others he is wrong, for example: «water evaporation
cools the land and the sea, BUT, that doesn't
cool the planet — only takes heat high
up to be easier
cooled by the shuttling oxygen & nitrogen, plus: as sun umbrellas clouds intercept lots of heat, high
up — nevertheless, that heat is still in the earth's system — only O&N are»
COOLING THE PLANET» Petra, do you believe that; O&N exist in the
atmosphere?
However, arguing that the climate would
cool only be 2.5 degrees when you remove all the CO2 in the
atmosphere is really just a made
up number and ignored several articles on the subject that show otherwise.
The adiabatic lapse rate also acts as a negative feedback by moving heat higher
up into the
atmosphere where it can more easily escape, which also serves to
cool the surface.
Basically, as fast as heat loiters about on our planet's surface, it either radiates off to space or Water will pick it
up and carry it to the upper layers of our
atmosphere, where it will change form from gas to liquid or solid giving off heat to space while being super
cooled at the same time.
When net the heat release from ocean to
atmosphere and directly to space add
up to less than heating bu sun, the ocean warms, in the opposite case it
cools.
If we continue emitting large amounts of CO2 while we work towards converting to 3/4 solar power and survive the heating that we inadvertently speed
up by reflecting more heat into an
atmosphere already overburdened with reflective - heat - capturing CO2, some day in the future when the atmospheric CO2 returns to its natural percentage of 0.0300 % instead of today's extremely high 0.03811 % the world will
cool down to the levels that nature intended.
«once you remove a large heat flow, for example by letting all the water boil away, the surface heats
up» So, Eli is saying, if absorptive material is added (to the
atmosphere) the surface
cools; if absorptive material is removed, the surface warms.
CO2
cooling is as natural as CO2 warming, the
atmosphere being a highly dynamic and complex system: a natural
cooling system taking heat from the surface of the earth
up into space via convective currents.
AGW climate scientists seem to ignore that while the earth's surface may be warming, our
atmosphere above 10,000 ft. above MSL is a refrigerator that can take water vapor scavenged from the vast oceans on earth (which are also a formidable heat sink), lift it to cold zones in the
atmosphere by convective physical processes, chill it (removing vast amounts of heat from the
atmosphere) or freeze it, (removing even more vast amounts of heat from the
atmosphere) drop it on land and oceans as rain, sleet or snow, moisturizing and
cooling the soil,
cooling the oceans and building polar ice caps and even more importantly, increasing the albedo of the earth, with a critical negative feedback determining how much of the sun's energy is reflected back into space, changing the moment of inertia of the earth by removing water mass from equatorial latitudes and transporting this water vapor mass to the poles, reducing the earth's spin axis moment of inertia and speeding
up its spin rate, etc..
If example 3 was the complete system, then the
atmosphere would heat
up and the earth would
cool down until they were in thermal equilibrium.
At about 90 km
up, I note that the
atmosphere of Venus
cools down to very low temperatures in the vicinity of -112 deg C. I suspect this is the CO2 thermal radiation escape altitude there.
The higher the concentration of «greenhouse» gases, the more optically thick the
atmosphere, and therefore radiative
cooling to space takes place from higher
up in the
atmosphere.
I will keep bring this
up every month or two until 1) someone says they clearly see what I am talking about or 2) someone clearly explains how this radiation pressure created by these LW radiations,
up from the ground, 1/2 down from GHGs does not cause a pressure which will expand the
atmosphere and by thermodynamics fundamental equations will
cool the
atmosphere in exactly an equal amount.
Note that the temperature reached within the cavity is unaffected by the expansion of the
atmosphere, or the (~ 10 %) adiabatic
cooling temporarily caused thereby; it just takes a little longer to heat
up to its final value; the extra energy is stored in the greater gravitational potential energy of the expanded
atmosphere.
Then that lowest
atmosphere layer emit and a 50 - 50 split sends it half
up and half down; and the
up ward is again absorbed by a higher and now
cooler layer; which in turn emits but now at a lower temperature; until finally some much higher and much
cooler layer gets to emit radiation that actually escapes to space and that radiating temperature is the one that must balance with the incoming TSI insolation rate.
I have just definitively proven above that it is not a feature of static equilibrium, it is a dynamic phenomena caused by differential and irregular time dependent heating and
cooling, where the bulk of the heating is at the surface, but where heat loss occurs to some extent very high
up in the
atmosphere as well.
Otherwise you have the embarrassing possibility that a GHG - free
atmosphere would simple lower the tropopause to the surface, because there is no mechanism for the
atmosphere to
cool up there.