John E Pearson @ 484 — Well, for the d18O proxy the tests have been performed and the proxy is deficient in that it also depends
upon sea level.
From there could you possibly make the giant leap of calculating the total volume of the world's glaciers vs. the total surface of the earth's ocean and seas and realize how small an impact of their melting would have
upon the sea level?
Unlike similar cases filed in New York and California, Colorado is not alleging damages based
upon sea level change.
Not exact matches
In last year's Defense Department security blueprint, DOD pointed out that climate change may directly affect its mission, since it will have to prepare for operations in a more navigable Arctic, adapt to rising
sea levels and be called
upon for more humanitarian disaster assistance.
Because of their dependency on coastal environments, the changes in the
sea level which occurred at the end of the Jurassic period — around 145 million years ago — had a drastic impact
upon the environments they lived in.
These global projections are consistent with an independent set of global projections based
upon the relationship between temperature and rate of
sea -
level change over the last two millennia.
Set across three
level upon the hillside, the newest rooms at Kamalaya, built in 2015 the Superior Suites offer spacious accommodation with large balconies overlooking the
sea.
With a population of just over 3,000, it is situated 50m above
sea level upon undulating land on a point that juts out into Twofold Bay.
From the romanticism of some of the earliest work exhibited such as George Morland and Walter Langley depicting the human cost of shipwrecks and their aftermath to the effects of climate change
upon the
sea, coastal erosion and rising
sea levels, that is portrayed in work by artists such as Jethro Brice, Simon Read and Michael Porter.
This depends
upon both the thickness of the ice, as well as the depression below
sea level.
And based
upon late Quaternary stratigraphic data from peninsular Florida's shelf and coastal zone, historic wetland accumulation rates, and residence time of coastal construction projects (i.e. beach «nourishment», dune «restoration»), by mid-century the rate of predicted
sea level rise will result in erosional shoreface retreat and ultimately overstep of both the natural and built environment.
These wildfires release soot into the atmosphere, which accelerates the rate of melting of glaciers, snow and ice it lands
upon, which can lead to less reflectivity, meaning more of the sun's heat is absorbed, leading to more global warming, which leads to even more wildfires, not to mention greater
sea level rise, which is already threatening coastal areas around the world.
During the previous interglacial, the Eemian, temperatures were about 2 K warmer than now and the
sea highstand was 4 — 6 meters higher than the current
level, depending
upon location measured.
The Washington Post, yesterday, fanned the flames of a dispute over how much
sea level rise the residents of the North Carolina Outer Banks should plan
upon for this century.
I recently stumbled
upon a paper which states, in the abstract, that global mean
sea level «rises with the rate of 3.2 ± 0.4 mm / yr during 1993 — 2003 and started decelerating since 2004 to a rate of 1.8 ± 0.9 mm / yr in 2012.»
This prediction was seized
upon by global warming advocates as «proof» that the South Pole's unprecedented warming would melt
sea ice and cause melting ice sheets to collapse, raising ocean
levels and thus submerging worldwide coastal areas.
The legislation, HB 819, actually represented a compromise over a previous draft of the law, which mandated consideration of a possible 8 - inch
sea level rise, based solely
upon historical patterns rather than climate change models.
This recent post via Real Climate Science on NASA tampering of
Sea -
level rise highlights the blatant malfeasance that these government funded institutions will undertake in order to push the man - made global warming climate change agenda, and keep the «Greatest and most successful pseudoscientific fraud in history» rolling and the billions
upon billions of taxpayer funds flowing...
Source: press release for Myers et al., 2015
Sea Levels 2 - 4 m Higher Until ~ 5,000 Years Ago Imply Surface Temps Were At Least 5 °C Warmer According to the accepted (IPCC) formula for calculating the contribution of ocean warming (thermal expansion) to sea level rise upon reaching equilibrium, every additional degrees Celsius of surface warmth yields -LSB-.
Sea Levels 2 - 4 m Higher Until ~ 5,000 Years Ago Imply Surface Temps Were At Least 5 °C Warmer According to the accepted (IPCC) formula for calculating the contribution of ocean warming (thermal expansion) to
sea level rise upon reaching equilibrium, every additional degrees Celsius of surface warmth yields -LSB-.
sea level rise
upon reaching equilibrium, every additional degrees Celsius of surface warmth yields -LSB-...]
However, in order to precisely determine any apparent
sea level change, it is important to know whether or not the land
upon which the tide gauge is located is actually moving.»
This would seem to be evidence to draw any reasonable person to the conclusion that a rise in
sea level of 1 meter by 2100 to be unlikely based
upon available evidence today.
Clear evidence of climate change is based
upon «accumulating data from across the globe» that reveals «a wide array of effects: rapidly melting glaciers, increases in extreme weather, rising
sea levels, shifts in species ranges, and more,» the AAAS Board reported.
Upon hearing from James Hansen that the Greenland ice is melting and Bangladesh is threatened by a 25 - metre
sea -
level rise, Johann feels compelled to go on a series of long journeys involving planes, motorbikes and automobiles to find out more, including «a month - long road trip across a country that we — you, me and everyone we know — are killing.»
Coastal management must instead rest
upon accurate knowledge of local geological, meteorological and oceanographical conditions, including, amongst other things, changes in local relative
sea level.
The authors observe that wide variations in rates of tectonic uplift and subsidence in different locations around the world at particular times mean no effective coastal management plan can rest
upon speculative computer projections regarding an idealised future global
sea level, such as those provided by the United Nations» Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
When projecting future
sea levels, scientists have traditionally relied
upon physical models and expert assessments to project the polar ice sheets» response to various emission scenarios.
(1) there is established scientific concern over warming of the climate system based
upon evidence from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average
sea level;
Relative
sea level - Sea level measured by a tide gauge with respect to the land upon which it is situat
sea level -
Sea level measured by a tide gauge with respect to the land upon which it is situat
Sea level measured by a tide gauge with respect to the land
upon which it is situated.
And finally, and perhaps most importantly, the future projection of temperature rise made by climate models (
upon which the
sea level rise projections are based) have been shown by a growing body of scientific research to be overestimated by about 40 percent.
And now — based on
sea level behavior between 1930 and 2010, as derived from United States tide gauge data, plus extensions of previous global - gauge analyses — a new empirical study, which does not rely on a relationship between
sea level and temperature, casts doubt
upon both sets of projections.
Adapting to and mitigating the impacts of
sea level rise relies
upon accurate forecasts of its magnitude and rate.
Commentary
upon Climate sensitivity,
sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide by James Hansen
Empirical assessment depends
upon real - world
sea -
level data in periods warmer than the Holocene.
However, in terms of whether the graphics themselves are really «real - time», i.e. up to date, current data, etc. this is highly dependent
upon the source, e.g. the University of Boulder
Sea Level chart;
Steve Nerem, the director of the widely relied -
upon research center, told FoxNews.com that his group added the 0.3 millimeters per year to the actual
sea level measurements because land masses, still rebounding from the ice age, are rising and increasing the amount of water that oceans can hold.
These stations are scattered around Australia, all are at
sea level and are said to be isolated from Urban Heat Influence - although the satellite images below suggest that questions might be asked about heat from nearby industrial and urban development, dependent
upon prevailing winds.
Such solecisms throughout the IPCC's assessment reports (including the insertion, after the scientists had completed their final draft, of a table in which four decimal points had been right - shifted so as to multiply tenfold the observed contribution of ice - sheets and glaciers to
sea -
level rise), combined with a heavy reliance
upon computer models unskilled even in short - term projection, with initial values of key variables unmeasurable and unknown, with advancement of multiple, untestable, non-Popper-falsifiable theories, with a quantitative assignment of unduly high statistical confidence
levels to non-quantitative statements that are ineluctably subject to very large uncertainties, and, above all, with the now - prolonged failure of TS to rise as predicted (Figures 1, 2), raise questions about the reliability and hence policy - relevance of the IPCC's central projections.
It means an accumulation of things such as climate changes, animal extinction threats, rising
sea levels, ocean acidity, less saline density in the ocean, glacial melting, and less carbon sinks (deforestation) or reversal of sinks to sources, which according to the article below is based
upon aerosols.
«I think that the major implication of that will be that we hand young people a climate system where it's not possible to avoid a large
sea level rise,» said Hansen, who went on to slam the two - degree target agreed
upon at the 2009 Copenhagen talks as being «pulled out of a hat.»
Yes, the first Table (Recent short - term
sea level trends in the Project area based
upon SEAFRAME data through September 2006) lists trends of 2.7 to 17 mm / yr.
«The magnitude of
sea -
level rise by 2100 can vary depending
upon the model used,» Benjamin Horton of the Earth Observatory of Singapore and Rutgers University told indiaclimatedialogue.net.
We present the first, to our knowledge, estimate of global
sea -
level (GSL) change over the last ∼ 3,000 years that is based
upon statistical synthesis of a global database of regional
sea -
level reconstructions.
Small vertical increases in
sea level can translate into large increases in horizontal reach by storm surge depending
upon local topography.
As coastal and island communities confront rising
sea levels, and inland areas become hotter and drier, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples face the loss and degradation of the lands, waters and natural resources they have relied
upon for generations.