Sentences with phrase «upper airway patency»

There was a significant absolute reduction in binding in regions that receive projections from medullary 5 - HT neurons but do not contain 5 - HT neurons, ie, the hypoglossal nucleus (upper airway patency)(38 % reduction), the nucleus of the solitary tract (visceral sensory input)(29 % reduction), and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (preganglionic parasympathetic outflow)(55 % reduction).

• Novel approaches to maintaining upper airway patency and promoting weight reduction in obstructive sleep apnoea.

The most recent study report described in these same regions decreased tissue levels of 5 - HT and tryptophan hydroxylase, the synthesizing enzyme for serotonin, and no evidence of excessive serotonin degradation as assessed by levels of 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid (the main metabolite of serotonin) or ratios of 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid to serotonin.30 A recent article described a significant association between a decrease in medullary 5 - HT1A receptor immunoreactivity and specific SIDS risk factors, including tobacco smoking.40 These data confirm results from earlier studies in humans39, 41 and are also consistent with studies in piglets that revealed that postnatal exposure to nicotine decreases medullary 5 - HT1A receptor immunoreactivity.42 Animal studies have revealed that serotonergic neurons located in the medullary raphe and adjacent paragigantocellularis lateralis play important roles in many autonomic functions including the control of respiration, blood pressure, heart rate, thermoregulation, sleep and arousal, and upper airway patency.