Sentences with phrase «upper ocean heat»

We also find that H is predicted with significantly more skill by DePreSys than by NoAssim (Fig. 1B), and we conclude that the improvement of DePreSys over NoAssim in predicting Ts on interannual - to - decadal time scales results mainly from initializing upper ocean heat content.

Based upon a number of climate model experiments for the twenty - first century where there are stases in global surface temperature and upper ocean heat content in spite of an identifiable global energy imbalance, we infer that the main sink of the missing energy is likely the deep ocean below 275 m depth.

so, the upper ocean heat content is increasing and the polar front is getting more turbulent.

Looking at the last decade, it is clear that the observed rate of change of upper ocean heat content is a little slower than previously (and below linear extrapolations of the pre-2003 model output), and it remains unclear to what extent that is related to a reduction in net radiative forcing growth (due to the solar cycle, or perhaps larger than expected aerosol forcing growth), or internal variability, model errors, or data processing — arguments have been made for all four, singly and together.

This modulates the flow of heat from below and hence controls upper ocean heat content.

http://www.skepticalscience.com/Mystery-of-the-vanishing-ocean-heat.html «However, upper ocean heat, like surface temperature, doesn't follow a monotonically warming trend during global warming.

These trends are also accompanied by rising sea levels and upper ocean heat content over similar multi-decadal time scales in the tropical Atlantic.

The upper ocean heat content (top 2 km) has clearly increased as several independent estimates show.

Johnson et al. (2007) estimated that the deep ocean could add an additional 2 - 10 % to the upper ocean heat content trend, which is likely to grow in importance as the anthropogenic warming signal propagates to increasing depth with time.

What Lyman 2010 shows very clearly is that although upper ocean heat increases are irregular, the trend is very clear:

This is significantly deeper than other recent papers that focus on upper ocean heat, only going down to 700 metres.

Eli, Pielke Snr says: «There does not need to be years of record to obtain statistically significant measures of upper ocean heat content.

The latter continues a fairly steady upward trend while the surface temperatures and upper ocean heat content undergo a hiatus in warming after about 2004.

Domingues et al (2008) and Levitus et al (2009) have recently estimated the multi-decadal upper ocean heat content using best - known corrections to systematic errors in the fall rate of expendable bathythermographs (Wijffels et al, 2008).

Slow variations in upper ocean heat content that have been observed in the subpolar and marginal ice zone regions of the Atlantic since the mid-twentieth century are thought to be related to changes in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC).

Matt: You wrote, «We've found that the upper ocean heat content is an even better leading indicator than trade winds.

We've found that the upper ocean heat content is an even better leading indicator than trade winds.

In the present study, satellite altimetric height and historically available in situ temperature data were combined using the method developed by Willis et al. [2003], to produce global estimates of upper ocean heat content, thermosteric expansion, and temperature variability over the 10.5 - year period from the beginning of 1993 through mid-2003...

Time series of annual average global integrals of upper ocean heat content anomaly (1021 J, or ZJ) for (a) 0 — 100 m, (b) 0 — 300 m, (c) 0 — 700 m, and (d) 0 — 1800 m. Thin vertical lines denote when the coverage (Fig. 3) reaches 50 % for (a) 0 — 100 m, (b) 100 — 300 m, (c) 300 — 700 m, and (d) 900 — 1800 m. From Lyman & Johnson (2013)

• It is very likely that anthropogenic forcings have made a substantial contribution to increases in global upper ocean heat content (0 — 700 m) observed since the 1970s (see Figure SPM.6).

I also tried to find an estimate of the net effect of hurricane activity on upper ocean heat content; there are some reports on individual hurricanes (http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/cyclone/data/pubs/Opal.pdf) but I couldn't find any global estimates.

This seems sloppy to me, since the SST dataset is far more reliable than the upper ocean heat content dataset, and as far as I can tell the Arctic is underrepresented in the data.

The upper ocean heat content in mid 2005 was about equal to that in mid 2001.

I think it's not a good idea to try to link the global upper ocean heat content result to hurricanes.

One thing I would have liked to see in the paper is a quantitative side - by - side comparison of sea - surface temperatures and upper ocean heat content; all the paper says is that only «a small amount of cooling is observed at the surface, although much less than the cooling at depth» though they do report that it is consistent with 2 - yr cooling SST trend — but again, no actual data analysis of the SST trend is reported.

This is supported by historic observations (Figure 1), which shows roughly decade - long hiatus periods in upper ocean heat content during the 1960s to 1970s, and the 1980s to 1990s.

Dr. Pielke ends his comment with a call for «independent assessments of the skill at these models at predicting climate metrics including upper ocean heat content», which of course I have no problem with at all.

I don't need an assessment of the models at predicting climate metrics including upper ocean heat content.

It is easy to make claims that the model internal variability is way off and can simultaneously lead to observed patterns (e.g., upper ocean heat content anomalies, tropospheric warming, etc) but this is not a serious criticism until there's something more that has been demonstrated.

The other incorrect premise in your question is that the THC is a zero - sum game as far as tropical and extratropical North Atlantic upper ocean heat content (and SST) is concerned.

In 2008, climate change sceptic Roger Pielke Sr said this: «Global warming, as diagnosed by upper ocean heat content has not been occurring since 2004».

They found increases in sea surface temperature and upper ocean heat content made the ocean more conducive to tropical cyclone intensification, while enhanced convective instability made the atmosphere more favorable for the growth of these storms.

Observations of upper ocean heat show some short term cooling but measurements to greater depths (down to 2000 metres) show a steady warming trend: However, the ocean cooling myth does seem to be widespread so I'll shortly update this page to clarify the issue.

(5) modulation of the upper ocean heating via phytoplankton and their associated optical properties.

«We can not draw any conclusions about «missing energy» in the system on the basis of differences between interannual variations in satellite net radiation and upper ocean heating rates from the current record.

Not exact matches

This argues that that the fairly rapid early September ice loss was due to extra heat in the upper ocean.

The team, which includes Professor Baldwin, will lead innovative new research, which aims to advance current understanding of three key conditions that influence seasonal weather across the continent — the North Atlantic upper - ocean heat content, Arctic sea - ice, and the stratosphere.

The average amount of heat absorbed and trapped in the upper ocean last year was also higher than ever seen before

The average amount of heat absorbed and trapped in the upper ocean over the past year was also higher than ever seen before, according to Deke Arndt, chief of the global monitoring branch of NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information.

And the warming of the upper 2 kilometers of the world ocean — a huge heat sink relative to the atmosphere — continued apace through the 2000s.

Researchers looking to solve this mystery found that ocean heat content had remained high, so a sudden chill in ocean waters (which would have caused upper layers of the seas to shrink in volume) wasn't the answer.

Linsley said the new results were «exciting,» suggesting that the «poorly understood, rapid rise» in surface temperature from 1910 to 1940 was, in part, «related to changes in trade wind strength and heat release from the upper water column» of the Pacific Ocean.

«The mounting evidence is coalescing around the idea that decades of stronger trade winds coincide with decades of stalls or even slight cooling of global surface temperatures, as heat is apparently transferred from the atmosphere into the upper ocean,» Linsley said.

Oceanographers may have solved one of the biggest sea mysteries in years: why the upper ocean didn't warm between 2003 and 2010, even as heat - trapping greenhouse gases accumulated in the air above.

However, radiation changes at the top of the atmosphere from the 1980s to 1990s, possibly related in part to the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, appear to be associated with reductions in tropical upper - level cloud cover, and are linked to changes in the energy budget at the surface and changes in observed ocean heat content.

If we think of hurricanes as Stirling heat engines, then we realize that the two reservoirs are the mixed layer of the surface ocean (1) and the upper atmosphere (2); note that there is a general trend of stratospheric cooling as well.

«More heat is trapped in the upper layers of the ocean, where it can be easily released back into the atmosphere,» Park said.

The oceans are heating up: Not only was Earth's temperature record warm in 2014, but so were the global oceans, as sea surface temperatures and the heat of the upper oceans also hit record highs.

Aside from the fact that there's no physical support from such a picture, this state of affairs is highly unlikely because you'd still have to account for things like the way the system responds to CO2 at the LGM, the observed radiative imbalance of the planet at present, the observed penetration of heat into the upper ocean, and so forth.

Figure 4 - Comparison of net TOA flux and upper - ocean heating rates.