These trends are also accompanied by rising sea levels and
upper ocean heat content over similar multi-decadal time scales in the tropical Atlantic.
Not exact matches
Last week there was a paper by Smith and colleagues in Science that tried to fill in those early years, using a model that initialises the
heat content from the
upper ocean — with the idea that the structure of those anomalies control the «weather» progression
over the next few years.
In the present study, satellite altimetric height and historically available in situ temperature data were combined using the method developed by Willis et al. [2003], to produce global estimates of
upper ocean heat content, thermosteric expansion, and temperature variability
over the 10.5 - year period from the beginning of 1993 through mid-2003...
The
upper figure shows changes in
ocean heat content since 1958, while the lower map shows
ocean heat content in 2017 relative to the average
ocean heat content between 1981 and 2010, with red areas showing warmer
ocean heat content than
over the past few decades and blue areas showing cooler.
At that point you try and measure changes in
heat content of the
upper ocean, more precisely, the flow of energy into and out of the
upper ocean by measuring the change in
heat content over time.
Scientific confidence of the occurrence of climate change include, for example, that
over at least the last 50 years there have been increases in the atmospheric concentration of CO2; increased nitrogen and soot (black carbon) deposition; changes in the surface
heat and moisture fluxes
over land; increases in lower tropospheric and
upper ocean temperatures and
ocean heat content; the elevation of sea level; and a large decrease in summer Arctic sea ice coverage and a modest increase in Antarctic sea ice coverage.
Over the last month or so warm sea - surface temperature [SST] and
upper -
ocean heat content anomalies have increased in the near - equatorial central Pacific, while the SST cool tongue in the near - equatorial far - eastern Pacific has weakened, with warm anomalies now evident there.
We also find that H is predicted with significantly more skill by DePreSys than by NoAssim (Fig. 1B), and we conclude that the improvement of DePreSys
over NoAssim in predicting Ts on interannual - to - decadal time scales results mainly from initializing
upper ocean heat content.