Sentences with phrase «upper ocean processes»

Not exact matches

The centre's research focuses on the mid-ocean-ridges and plate tectonic processes, the deep ocean (emphasizing biological and geochemical processes), the upper ocean (emphasizing the chemical and biological processes), and the management of the coastal environment.

The study is the first to demonstrate this kind of teleconnection between the sea floor, subsea floor and microbial processes in the upper ocean, said Andy Juhl, an aquatic ecologist at Lamont and coauthor.

Instruments on the glider will provide scientists back on shore with a near - real - time view of fine - scale mixing processes in the upper ocean that play an important role in the movement of carbon, nutrients, and other chemicals through the marine system.

1) the atmosphere (which can also be subdivided into northern and southern hemispheres, and even into Hadley Cells) all with fairly short time constants 2) the upper ocean — time constant on the order of years to decades 2a) the biosphere — time scale from 1 year to decades and even centuries and millennia for some processes 3) abyssal ocean (timescale of many decades to ~ a century or more) 5) the geosphere — timescale of millennia to eons.

To reduce the amount of carbon in the upper ocean and the atmosphere, you need to «bury» it into the deep ocean, a process that takes hundreds of years.

Thus, some heat gets converted to kinetic energy, but that gets converted back to heat, either by viscosity or by thermally - indirect circulations that produce APE while pulling heat downward in the process (LHSO: Ferrel cell (driven by extratropical storm track activity), Planetary - scale overturning in the stratosphere and mesosphere (includes Brewer - Dobson circulation (I'm not sure if the whole thing is the Brewer - Dobson circulation or if only part of it is)-RRB-, some motions in the ocean; LVO: wind driven mixing of the boundary layer and of the upper ocean (though mixing itself tends to destroy the APE that the kinetic energy would create by forcing heat downward)-RRB-.

Less well understood by the scientific communities interested in hurricanes — from their basic physics to improved forecasts — and the processes controlling key physical and biological variables in the upper ocean, are the details of coupled interactions between tropical cyclones and the ocean.

Many of the processes governing the role of salinity in the modulation of upper - ocean mixing in both tropical and high - latitude regions are neither well understood nor adequately represented in climate models.

In many cases, the lack or insufficient quality of long - term observations, be it a specific variable, an important processes, or a particular region (e.g., polar areas, the upper troposphere / lower stratosphere (UTLS), and the deep ocean), remains an impediment.

The temperature difference of the land and upper 100 m of the ocean, between summer afternoons and winter nights is more than an order of magnitude than any proclaimed, creeping, heating process.

The process of evaporation also requires energy from heat, and the warmer the temperatures are in the upper ocean and at the ocean surface, the more energy is available.

More broadly, variations in the attenuation of visible radiation in the upper ocean, which directly relates to changes in ZSD, alter local heating and, consequently, have an effect on the thermal and fluid dynamical processes for the ocean - atmosphere system.

«In many cases, the lack of long term observations, observations suitable for the evaluation of important processes, or observations in particular regions (e.g., polar areas, the upper troposphere / lower stratosphere (UTLS), and the deep ocean) remains an impediment.»

Develop and validate retrieval algorithms for ocean and sea ice parameters from various satellite Earth observation data, which in are used in studies of upper layer mesoscale ocean processes, air - sea - ice interaction, climate change studies and in operational oceanography.

The rates of thermosteric sea level changes are closely correlated with those of reconstructed sea level changes with correlation coefficients larger than 0.8, but the former has smaller amplitudes than the latter, indicating contributions to total sea level change from processes other than upper ocean temperature changes examined here.

Looking at the last decade, it is clear that the observed rate of change of upper ocean heat content is a little slower than previously (and below linear extrapolations of the pre-2003 model output), and it remains unclear to what extent that is related to a reduction in net radiative forcing growth (due to the solar cycle, or perhaps larger than expected aerosol forcing growth), or internal variability, model errors, or data processing — arguments have been made for all four, singly and together.

This is a quite rapid process (for the upper oceans), but much slower for deep ocean temperature changes, which results in the above differences in ratios for short term and long term temperature variations...

Air - sea interaction, wave dynamics and wave breaking, effect of near - surface turbulence on heat, gas, and momentum transport, infrared remote sensing, upper - ocean processes, coastal and estuarine processes.

Secondly, unlike with the economy, once the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide goes up, it stays up for hundred of years (and to get back to where it started, thousands of years), because for one thing, the processes to take carbon from the upper ocean to the deep ocean are very slow.