Sentences with phrase «upper stratosphere as»

While there are difficulties in modelling the O3 depletion in the global stratosphere (WMO, 1999), this study reiterates the need to be cognisant of the role played by the vertical profile of O3 loss amounts in the entire stratosphere, i.e., middle and upper stratosphere as well, besides the lower stratosphere.

Not exact matches

On the other hand, the upper troposphere is relatively rich in O3 and NOx from natural sources such as downward transport from the stratosphere and lightning; convective overturning conveys the O3 and NOx toward the Earth's surface where these components are more efficiently removed from the atmosphere.

In 2009, AWI scientists conducted a research cruise in the west Pacific, where strong thunderstorms push air from the troposphere up to the stratosphere, serving as a main source of air for the upper layer.

As a final gesture, a small piece of the island was sent to the edge of space where some particles of rock from the island will remain forever in the upper - stratosphere.

This would actually not be true at sufficiently high latitudes in the winter hemisphere, except that some circulation in the upper atmosphere is driven by kinetic energy generated within the troposphere (small amount of energy involved) which, so far as I know, doesn't result in much of a global time average non-radiative energy flux above the tropopause, but it does have important regional effects, and the result is that the top of the stratosphere is warmer than the tropopause at all latitudes in all seasons so far as I know.

The upper atmosphere, comprising the stratosphere and mesosphere, is expected to cool during an AGW, as shown by the GCMs.

With solar heating, particularly of the upper stratosphere, the upper stratosphere is warmer than otherwise; with sufficient heating (as it is now on Earth), the upper stratosphere is warmer than the lower stratosphere.

Again (don't tell Santer) it's the Sun stupid: changes in UV light has a direct influence on the stratosphere due to more Ozone and this results in greater warming of the upper stratosphere and swirling, wind - driving, convective atmospheric vortices that are known as weather.

* Correction, 21 March, 1:50 p.m.: This story was updated to clarify that Nelson seeks to inject in the upper troposphere, not the stratosphere, as previously stated.

The polar vortex is a fast flowing stream of air that circles the North Pole during the winter months in the upper atmosphere, known as the stratosphere.

For falsification we would need to observe events such as the mid latitude jets moving poleward during a cooling oceanic phase and a period of quiet sun or the ITCZ moving northward whilst the two jets moved equatorward or the stratosphere, troposphere and upper atmosphere all warming or cooling in tandem or perhaps an unusually negative Arctic Oscillation throughout a period of high solar activity and a warming ocean phase.

(In section 12, CO2 is taken for «upper atmosphere»... or generally stratosphere, as an overall UPFLUX agent, or cooling agent.

For more detailed local studies as well as measurements in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, Lyman alpha and frost point hygrometers (see Table 1) and differential absorption and Raman lidars can be useful.

For true falsification we would need to observe events such as the mid latitude jets moving poleward during a cooling oceanic phase and a period of quiet sun or the ITCZ moving northward whilst the two jets moved equatorward or the stratosphere, troposphere and upper atmosphere all warming or cooling in tandem or perhaps an unusually powerful Arctic Oscillation throughout a period of high solar turbulence and a warming ocean phase.

We see the upper levels of the atmosphere warm as the stratosphere cools and vice versa.

Stratospheric water vapour comes from two sources — the uplift of tropospheric water through the very cold tropical tropopause (both as vapour and as condensate), and the oxidation of methane in the upper stratosphere (CH4 +2 O2 — > CO2 + 2H2O NB: this is just a schematic, the actual chemical pathways are more complicated).