Sentences with phrase «upwelling at»

By weakening of the Humboldt current; reducing its rate of flow reduces the upwelling at the eastern terminus of the coupled Walker circulation.

The Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) reports that 1,275.7 m3 (337,004 gallons US) total bitumen emulsion has been recovered from the ongoing bitumen upwelling at four sites in Canadian Natural Resources Limited's Primrose project.

In the context of the real atmosphere, an observer looking down from space will see Planckian radiation upwelling at the surface temperature for those wavelengths where the air is very transparent.

The winds drove westward Ekman transport, which induced a geostrophic northward coastal current (20 cm / s) off the western coast of Wilhelmina Bay and upwelling at its southern and eastern margins.

That includes modeling the wind - induced upwelling at the edge of the Antarctic continental shelf, the flow of the water through submarine canyons on the continental shelf, and the water reaching Totten that causes melt and acceleration.

Not exact matches

«The upwelling we detected is like a hot air balloon, and we infer that something is rising up through the deeper part of our planet under New England,» said lead author Vadim Levin, a geophysicist and professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Rutgers University - New Brunswick.

The upwelling resembles a feature on Earth called a Hadley cell, where warm air at our equator rises and creates trade winds, hurricanes and other forms of weather.

The hot spot — an upwelling plume of hot mantle — beneath the Yellowstone Plateau caused massive and sudden eruptions 2.0 million, 1.3 million, and 0.6 million years ago — near «clockwork timing,» according to geochemist Ilya Bindeman, the lead researcher of a team at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

The study found cooler sea temperatures, greater precipitation and stronger upwelling — all indicators of La Niña - like conditions at the study site in Panama — during a period when coral reef accretion stopped in this region around 4,100 years ago.

At pH 7.1, which is expected to roughly approximate the pH of water upwelling on the West Coast with ocean acidification, zoeae survival remained low at 21 percenAt pH 7.1, which is expected to roughly approximate the pH of water upwelling on the West Coast with ocean acidification, zoeae survival remained low at 21 percenat 21 percent.

«For example,» said Conrad, «the Pangaea supercontinent formed and broke apart at the surface, but we think that the upwelling locations in the mantle have remained relatively constant despite this activity.»

More importantly, Clinton Conrad, Associate Professor of Geology at the University of Hawaii — Manoa's School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) and colleagues revealed that these upwelling locations have remained remarkably stable over geologic time, despite dramatic reconfigurations of tectonic plate motions and continental locations on the Earth's surface.

According to a group of current and former researchers at Arizona State University, the key to unlocking this complex, geochemical puzzle rests in a model of mantle dynamics consisting of plumes — upwelling's of abnormally hot rock within Earth's mantle — that originate in the lower mantle and physically interact with chemically distinct piles of material.

A group of former and current Arizona State University researchers say chemical differences found between rocks samples at volcanic hotspots around the world can be explained by a model of mantle dynamics that involves plumes, upwellings of abnormally hot rock within the Earth's mantle, that originate in the lower mantle and physically interact with chemically distinct piles of material.

«We found ourselves looking at the hot, upwelling plume that created the Hawaiian Islands.»

«Our goal was to figure out how we could use this distribution of volcano compositions at the surface to reverse - engineer how these components are distributed inside this upwelling mantle plume at depth,» Jackson said.

My research indicates that the Siberian peat moss, Arctic tundra, and methal hydrates (frozen methane at the bottom of the ocean) all have an excellent chance of melting and releasing their stored co2.Recent methane concentration figures also hit the news last week, and methane has increased after a long time being steady.The forests of north america are drying out and are very susceptible to massive insect infestations and wildfires, and the massive die offs - 25 % of total forests, have begun.And, the most recent stories on the Amazon forecast that with the change in rainfall patterns one third of the Amazon will dry and turn to grassland, thereby creating a domino cascade effect for the rest of the Amazon.With co2 levels risng faster now that the oceans have reached carrying capacity, the oceans having become also more acidic, and the looming threat of a North Atlanic current shutdown (note the recent terrible news on salinity upwelling levels off Greenland,) and the change in cold water upwellings, leading to far less biomass for the fish to feed upon, all lead to the conclusion we may not have to worry about NASA completing its inventory of near earth objects greater than 140 meters across by 2026 (Recent Benjamin Dean astronomy lecture here in San Francisco).

One explanation (ix) conceived in the 1980s invokes more stratification, less upwelling of carbon and nutrient - rich waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean and increased carbon storage at depth during glacial times.

Dygert said that while it's well known that magma upwelling from the mantle at mid-ocean spreading zones creates new crust, there are many questions on how the process works.

The upwelling of plankton rich cooler water at this deeper site means it is a good place for larger pelagics.

The water is cold compared to other beaches in the Monterey area, due to its exposure to the open ocean and the upwelling of cold water from nearby Monterey Canyon, which funnels the icy water right to shore at this location.

Upwelling sucks cold nutrient - rich water that normally lies at the bottom of the ocean to the surface, providing food for hundreds of species.

Under normal conditions upwelling of cold CO2 - rich water from depth leads to outgassing when upwelled water warms at the surface.

The whole issue is that any level above what is often called the «effective radiating level» (say, at ~ 255 K on Earth) should start to cool as atmospheric CO2 increases, since the layers above this height are being shielded more strongly from upwelling radiation... except not quite, because convection distributes heating higher than this level, the stratosphere marks the point where convection gives out and there is high static stability.

At the same time, the accelerated trade winds have increased equatorial upwelling in the central and eastern Pacific....

Think about the wind - driven upwelling and please look at actual SST SH trend.

At the same time, the accelerated trade winds have increased equatorial upwelling in the central and eastern Pacific, lowering sea surface temperature there, which drives further cooling in other regions.

There was little coastal upwelling on the Pacific coast (of North America at least) and I believe several other oceanographic features mimicked El Nino.

As mentioned here, as the troposphere becomes more optically thick, the height at which IR is released to space is higher and cooler which means there is less upwelling IR to the regions above the troposphere.

Increased CO2 in the stratosphere at higher levels increases upwelling radiation to space which appears to have been greater than absorption from below resulting in cooling at higher levels.

For a rough estimate, downwelling water to the deep ocean in convection zones is about 40 Sv (10 ^ 6 m3 / s), assuming that comes in with say 2 deg C, and leaves (through upwelling, isopycnal and diapycnal diffusion), that is a heat flux of 320 TW, thus at least an order of magnitude larger than the geothermal fluxes.

At this point in time, the available evidence is indicating that the likely explanation for the fish kill is an algal bloom linked to warm gulf waters and nutrient upwelling.

The CERES dataset puts this at 0.38, in other words 38 % of the upwelling LW radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere.

Moreover, it is found that polarized reflectances obtained at the shorter wavelengths (0.41 and 0.55 µm) are significantly less sensitive to the contribution of the ocean's upwelling light than total reflectance measurements, providing a natural tool for the separation between the estimation of oceanic and atmospheric scattering properties.

In normal years, spring and summer winds lead to upwelling of cold, nutrient - rich waters at the coast, fueling the highly productive California Current ecosystem.

On my rough calcs, this upwelling of cold deep water spreading out under the tradewinds will be enough to affect surface temps at the times of climate regime reversals, and sure enough there is a giveaway dip near the peak of the AMO, and the troughs are spikier than the crests of the AMO curve.

The circulation is asymmetric, with conversion to dense waters in restricted regions at high latitudes and the return to the surface involving slow upwelling and diffusive processes over much larger geographic regions.

• surface upwelling (of cold / cool water) at / off western continental margins, driven by Coriolis effect on equatorward currents;

Changes in upwelling occur at 20 to 30 year intervals and have for a very long time.

The Antarctic ice sheet reached the coastline for the first time at ca. 33.6 Ma and became a driver of Antarctic circulation, which in turn affected global climate, causing increased latitudinal thermal gradients and a «spinning up» of the oceans that resulted in: (1) increased thermohaline circulation and erosional pulses of Northern Component Water and Antarctic Bottom Water; (2) increased deep - basin ventilation, which caused a decrease in oceanic residence time, a decrease in deep - ocean acidity, and a deepening of the calcite compensation depth (CCD); and (3) increased diatom diversity due to intensified upwelling.

report that ocean sediment cores containing an «undisturbed history of the past» have been analyzed for variations in PP over timescales that include the Little Ice Age... they determined that during the LIA the ocean off Peru had «low PP, diatoms and fish,» but that «at the end of the LIA, this condition changed abruptly to the low subsurface oxygen, eutrophic upwelling ecosystem that today produces more fish than any region of the world's oceans... write that «in coastal environments, PP, diatoms and fish and their associated predators are predicted to decrease and the microbial food web to increase under global warming scenarios,» citing Ito et al..

When the Walker circulation weakens or reverses, an El Niño results, causing the ocean surface to be warmer than average, as upwelling of cold water occurs less or not at all.

How does a CO2 molecule, somewhere up in the middle troposphere, KNOW that it is only allowed to absorb upwelling radiation photons from the surface and must ignore all the other photons coming at it from all around in the atmosphere?

As will be shown, the depiction would be far more accurate if it was turned upside down, so that the downward arrows point upwards to illustrate shell dissolution happens when old carbon stored at depth is upwelled to the surface.

At high latitudes the upwelling brings air rich in the heavy molecular constituents N2 and O2 to high altitudes and the circulation carries this molecular - rich air to midlatitudes, especially in the summer hemisphere, where the mean meridional circulation is already equatorward.

Whereas for quiet conditions there is a general upwelling in the summer hemisphere flow toward the winter hemisphere at higher levels, and downwelling in the winter hemisphere, the storm - time heating adds a polar upwelling and equatorward flow in both hemispheres.

After all a slightly less cold upwelling entering the ENSO process from below would manifest itself in warming at the surface (and vice versa) and that would help to account for the apparent disjunction between the strengths of the La Nina and El Nino phases in your article.

Anchovies prefer the La Nina since the upwelling of deep nutrient - rich water at the eastern Pacific fuels a huge plankton bloom sustaining a multi-million ton annual fishery of anchovies off Peru.

But you suggested that the 1995/96 rise in Tropical Pacific OHC may have come from below the 700 meter level, when you wrote, «After all a slightly less cold upwelling entering the ENSO process from below would manifest itself in warming at the surface (and vice versa) and that would help to account for the apparent disjunction between the strengths of the La Nina and El Nino phases in your article.»

Coastal and equatorial upwelling bring an enormous amount of DIC to the surface, with subsequent transport to the gyres of the open ocean, causing declines in open ocean surface pH at rates that are much faster than possibly attributed to atmospheric diffusion.