Sentences with phrase «urban air temperatures»

Atmospheric heat islands are generally much less pronounced: a few degrees difference at night between urban air temperatures and surrounding rural areas.)

Not exact matches

The sites were located across a variety of different urban temperatures, and air temperature was monitored at each site over the course of the experiment.

Gary Cohen, president and founder of the Massachusetts - based nonprofit Health Care Without Harm, said in a telephone interview that the risks of climate change to both the health of U.S. citizens and the U.S. health care delivery system is profound, particularly in urban areas, where warming average temperatures are exacerbated by the heat island effect and high concentrations of other air pollution like ozone and particulate matter.

«New urban heat island study shows surprising variation in air temperatures across Twin Cities: Results provide valuable insights into efforts to reduce heat - related harm in metro areas globally.»

Innovative urban design could create increased access to active transport.99 The compact geographical area found in cities presents opportunities to reduce energy use and emissions of heat - trapping gases and other air pollutants through active transit, improved building construction, provision of services, and infrastructure creation, such as bike paths and sidewalks.303, 318 Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban design could create increased access to active transport.99 The compact geographical area found in cities presents opportunities to reduce energy use and emissions of heat - trapping gases and other air pollutants through active transit, improved building construction, provision of services, and infrastructure creation, such as bike paths and sidewalks.303, 318 Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban populations.311, 303

Regardless, it is also an appreciation of native vegetation or urban forests, responsible for various ecosystem services, such as the maintenance of air wetter and milder and stable temperatures.

Re # 4, Hansen et al say «We find evidence of local human effects («urban warming») even in suburban and small - town surface air temperature records, but the effect is modest in magnitude and conceivably could be an artifact of inhomogeneities in the station records.

[1] Controversy has persisted over the influence of urban warming on reported large - scale surface - air temperature trends.

Low temperatures in Arizona have increased in urban areas, because of grass, trees, irrigation (anything which increases humidity and / or causes increased condensation,) asphalt, buildings, air conditioners, etc..

A global - scale instrumental temperature record that has not been contaminated by (a) artificial urban heat (asphalt, machines, industrial waste heat, etc.), (b) ocean - air affected biases (detailed herein), or (c) artificial adjustments to past data that uniformly serve to cool the past and warm the present... is now available.

A problem with airports is that they are often in urban or suburban locations that have been built up in the past few decades, and the increase in global air travel has led to increased traffic, pavement, buildings and waste heat, all of which are difficult to remove from the temperature record.

Innovative urban design could create increased access to active transport.99 The compact geographical area found in cities presents opportunities to reduce energy use and emissions of heat - trapping gases and other air pollutants through active transit, improved building construction, provision of services, and infrastructure creation, such as bike paths and sidewalks.303, 318 Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban design could create increased access to active transport.99 The compact geographical area found in cities presents opportunities to reduce energy use and emissions of heat - trapping gases and other air pollutants through active transit, improved building construction, provision of services, and infrastructure creation, such as bike paths and sidewalks.303, 318 Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311urban populations.311, 303

Moonbats: «Jacobson found that domes of increased carbon dioxide concentrations — discovered to form above cities more than a decade ago — cause local temperature increases that in turn increase the amounts of local air pollutants, raising concentrations of health - damaging ground - level ozone as well as particles in urban air.»

In built - up urban areas the concentration of heat storing materials in buildings, roads, etc. such as concrete, bitumen, bricks and so on, and heat sources such as heaters, air - conditioners, lighting, cars, etc. all combine to produce a local «heat island»: a region where temperatures tend to be warmer than the surrounding rural land.

This is due to a phenomenon called the urban heat island effect that causes air temperatures in New York City and other major cities to be warmer than in neighboring suburbs and rural areas.

I also think that increasing urbanization would affect this factor, as urban surfaces would get hotter than the air temperature during the day and would not be as likely to cool at night to a temperature below the air temperature because they started out hotter at sundown and they have more thermal mass.

«Controversy has persisted over the influence of urban warming on reported large - scale surface - air temperature trends.

In other words, UHI * is the value of the urban - heat - island effect if wind were not reducing it by replacing warmer air with colder; and NSTI * is the effect of the near - surface temperature inversion if the wind were not mixing up the air near the ground with the air a little higher up.

Whatever the average regional temperature, it's hotter in the cities, because concentrations of traffic, business, heating, cooking, lighting and air conditioning generate what has become known as the urban heat island effect: what makes this worse is that the asphalt, tarmacadam, stone, brick, glass and tile of which cities are made absorb radiation but prevent ground evaporation as a natural cooling device.

Significant investments may be required to ensure that power generation keeps up with rising demand associated with rising temperatures.38, 39 Finally, vulnerability to heat waves is not evenly distributed throughout urban areas; outdoor versus indoor air temperatures, air quality, baseline health, and access to air conditioning are all dependent on socioeconomic factors.29 Socioeconomic factors that tend to increase vulnerability to such hazards include race and ethnicity (being a minority), age (the elderly and children), gender (female), socioeconomic status (low income, status, or poverty), and education (low educational attainment).

This is a very good job.The study is interesting to the readers, and will be useful for further understanding and selecting reference climate stations for evaluating the potential urban bias in the surface air temperature data in some regions of the continents.

Green roofs can prevent water pollution by reducing the amount of storm water entering sewer systems by slowing it down and filtering it; lower energy use and energy costs; lowering air temperatures to mitigate the urban heat - island effect; clean and oxygenate the air; add biodiversity; mitigate noise; suppress fire; and extend the lifespan of the roof.

In particular, the characterization of the urban temperature trend was investigated using a seasonal unit root analysis of monthly mean air temperature data over the period of January 1970 to December 2013.

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, urban areas regularly record air temperatures as much as 6 ° Celsius (10 ° Fahrenheit) hotter than the surrounding suburban and rural areas.

Though global warming is a factor in Rio's rising air temperatures, urban expansion is at least partly responsible.

The IPCC found that: Over the Northern Hemisphere land areas where urban heat islands are most apparent, both the trends of lower - tropospheric temperature and surface air temperature show no significant differences.

«Air conditioning raising night - time temperatures in the US: Heat from cooling systems now raises some urban temperatures by more than 1C at night, reports Climate News Network»

Concentrations of ground level ozone could increase as air temperatures rise, causing respiratory illnesses, especially in urban areas, to increase.

A coupled model consisting of a meso - scale meteorological model (MESO - NH) and an urban energy balance model (TEB) has been used to simulate and quantify the potential impacts on street temperature of four air conditioning scenarios at the scale of Paris.

The urban heat island effect can increase surface - air temperature at urban locations.

During hot, humid summer weather, many urban areas experience heat inversions — cold air in the upper atmosphere holds much warmer air close to the ground, sustaining higher - than - average temperatures and trapping smog.

Further, decreasing building envelope temperatures and reducing air conditioning exhaust can reduce urban heat island effect.