Sentences with phrase «urban heat island effects»

Not subject to urban heat island effects, the trend in global sea ice extent is a primary indicator of climate change, or the lack thereof.

The urban heat island effects arise because urban areas retain heat much more than non-urban areas and many urban areas in the US and elsewhere expanded rapidly in the late 20th Century.

I would also observe that this data is uncorrected for urban heat island effects (as cities urbanize they get hotter, and effect that is different than CO2 - cause global warming and is usually corrected for in global warming studies).

There have been a number of studies suggesting that ground - based data is severely compromised by urban heat island effects, inappropriate placement of monitors that increase recorded temperatures over what they would have been if the instruments had been properly cited, and the drop - out of a large number of rural stations in the 1970s.

An increasing number believe that any warming is so small it is indistinguishable from the noise in the environmenal data sets, and that the data have not been properly adjusted for such things as urban heat island effects (are the city temps warmer than the suburbs where you live?

Global warming is real, and not simply an illusion created by ignoring urban heat island effects.

Since then, a growing number of surface temperature measurement stations worldwide, coupled with improved methods for correcting for biases induced through urban heat island effects and other station siting and operational issues, have allowed for the development of accurate global temperature estimates.

Urban heat island effects were determined to have negligible influence (less than 0.0006 °C per decade over land and zero over oceans) on these measurements.

In my opinion, Gavin's own statement that «urban heat island effects are corrected for in the surface records» is, to borrow a phrase from realclimate, «disinformation».

... he also knows that urban heat island effects are corrected for in the surface records, and he also knows that this doesn't effect ocean temperatures, and that the station dropping out doesn't affect the trends at all (you can do the same analysis with only stations that remained and it makes no difference).

«urban heat island effects are corrected for in the surface records» Contrary to Gavin's assertion, there is no evidence that CRU or NOAA correct their records for urban heat island effects.

... he also knows that urban heat island effects are corrected for in the surface records, and he also knows that this doesn't effect ocean temperatures,

Public spaces, such as parks, plazas, and playing fields, can encourage social interaction and active recreation while helping control rainwater runoff and reducing urban heat island effects.

They would deny any role from solar activity, urban heat island effects, land use changes i.e. wooded areas cleared for agriculture, aerosols, or natural variability.

There are vast areas of land with little or no temperature readings, and many of the thermometers they do have are contaminated by urban heat island effects.

Adjustments are done for many reasons: because there are gaps in the temperature recording stations, because recording stations break, because a new station differs from the old station, because recording stations must be moved, or because the time of day they're read changes, or they shut down because of funding cuts, or the person reading it retires or dies or can't do it as often as they once did, because of urban heat island effects, or because other stations are too close (or toop far) relative to the averge, etc.........

Urban heat island effects are real but local, and have a negligible influence (less than 0.006 °C per decade over land and zero over the oceans) on these values.

So no need to appeal to the usual, debunked «skeptic» talking points about urban heat island effects and the like, in order to explain lack of amplification over land.

Bindidon It's not surprising that you give the fully discredited (because of data manipulations and the urban heat island effects) GISS Surface Temperature to support your fallacious point about it being hotter now than in the»30s.

Likewise, they prefer to debate urban heat island effects rather than to discuss the rising temperature trends, other clear signs of rising temperatures, the positive feedbacks which are beginning to kick in so that climate change will take on a life of its own independently of what we do in the future if changes are not made now (# 111, «Storm World» post, comment # 141) and what such climate change will imply for humanity as a whole (Curve manipulation, comment # 74, A Saturated Gassy Argument, comment # 116).

Increasing evidence suggests that urban heat island effects extend to changes in precipitation, clouds and DTR, with these detectable as a «weekend effect» owing to lower pollution and other effects during weekends.

Urban heat island effects are real but local, and have not biased the large - scale trends.

However, temperature is officially measured at just a few locations in most cities, so awareness of the extent and variability of urban heat island effects was limited,» said lead author Brian Smoliak.

Stone has estimated how many heat - related deaths could be avoided by reducing urban heat island effects.

Measures that tackle the urban heat island effect also make cities more energy efficient (by reducing the cooling needs inside buildings) and more comfortable (by shading city residents).

Giving buildings cool - surface makeovers counters the urban heat island effect and reduces the temperature inside a building.

U.S. Department of Agriculture scientists grew weeds in three sites: an organic farm in western Maryland, a park in a suburb of Baltimore, and in downtown Baltimore, which is choked with smog and about 3 to 4 degrees warmer than the surrounding countryside because of the urban heat island effect.

Cities can combat the urban heat island effect under global warming with trees, white roofs and other fixes

This could be because of the urban heat island effect, which causes temperatures in the city to rise as much 10 °C compared with those in the surrounding areas.

The authors caution that several factors can influence the urban heat island effect, not all of which were addressed in the study.

The non-profit Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC), for instance, suggests roofing surfaces that reflect the sun's heat so as to reduce the urban heat island effect while improving residential energy efficiency.

As the earth continues to warm due to the buildup of greenhouse gases, heat waves are expected to become more severe, particularly for cities, where concrete and a dearth of trees create what's known as the urban heat island effect.

On the other hand, they say the city could grow even more resilient due to the ongoing efforts to reduce the urban heat island effect — for instance through programs to install reflective roofs and plant trees, as well as to protect vulnerable populations through heat warning systems and the availability of cooling centers.

The huge amount of land devoted to parking lots leads to increased water pollution and the urban heat island effect.

The researchers hope the results can help influence local governments and city planners in the formulation of effective codes and policies to mitigate the urban heat island effect.

Increasing levels of ozone, in turn, trap more heat, exacerbating the urban heat island effect: Cities are normally about five to 10 degrees hotter than surrounding suburbs because asphalt and cement absorb sunlight, generating a vicious cycle of escalating pollution and heat.

Heat waves in cities interact synergistically with the urban heat island effect to raise temperatures more than would be expected from a simple summation calculation.

Although he hasn't gone through the papers in detail, he is already questioning the results reported by the Berkeley team regarding the questionable research stations and the urban heat island effect.

A third focuses on the urban heat island effect and a fourth looks specifically at temperature stations that have been labeled as problematic by skeptics.

The field of urban planning is gaining interest as cities around the world, including nearby Houston, are facing increased exposure to weather - related risks and hazards ranging from sea level rise and flooding to temperature build - up and urban heat island effect.

Reducing the urban heat island effect is becoming increasingly important as cities prepare for future warming.

As buildings replace forest or grasslands, the local temperature rises — the so - called urban heat island effect.

The study is one of the first to examine the relationship between snow cover and the urban heat island effect.

Analyzing tens of thousands of data points, Schatz and Kucharik found the urban heat island effect peaked in summer, when downtown Madison averaged 7 degrees Fahrenheit warmer at night and 3 degrees warmer during the day when compared to rural Dane County.

Innovative urban design could create increased access to active transport.99 The compact geographical area found in cities presents opportunities to reduce energy use and emissions of heat - trapping gases and other air pollutants through active transit, improved building construction, provision of services, and infrastructure creation, such as bike paths and sidewalks.303, 318 Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311, 303

Alexandri and Jones say their results suggest the urban heat island effect could be countered by introducing green roofs and walls in cities.

As is well - known, there are various corrections made to eliminate any urban heat island effect, and they appear to have been quite successful:

When the urban heat island effect was taken into account, they found that the economic cost of climate change for these cities would be 2.6 times higher than previously thought.

In fact the last sentence of the article makes a vague and misleading reference to urban heat island effect...

Explanation of the urban heat island effect in terms of both temperature and precipitation.