Sentences with phrase «urbanization since»

We assume that Chylek (2008) is right to find transient and equilibrium climate sensitivity near - identical; that allof the warming from 1980 - 2005 was anthropogenic; that the IPCC's values for forcings and feedbacks are correct; and, in line 2, that McKitrick is right that the insufficiently - corrected heat - island effect of rapid urbanization since 1980 has artificially doubled the true rate of temperature increase in the major global datasets.

In addition, BEST released an absurd preliminary finding that urbanization since 1950 had caused a spurious COOLING signal to the record, glossing over this finding by saying there was no impact:

«Corners in the Cities of China and India,» features contemporary video art from China and India that dwells on the outcome of rapid urbanization since China's open markets of the 1980s.

Not exact matches

Harvey Cox, the theological popularizer and prophet who wrote The Secular City in 1965 in celebration of the new freedom given to us by secularization and urbanization, has since that time shifted his emphasis to deploring the threat of technological imperialism.61 He believes that technology and its artifacts currently «release emotions incommensurate with their mere utility,» i.e., they «arouse hopes and fears only indirectly - related to their use.»

By this time you may wonder, since the difficulties of getting the right relationship between shepherd and sheep seem so considerable, why we do not leave the pasture and get on with our pastoral urbanization.

They estimated that land - use changes in the continental United States since the 1960s have resulted in a rise in the mean surface temperature of 0.25 degree Fahrenheit, a figure Kalnay says «is at least twice as high as previous estimates based on urbanization alone.»

Since 1997, she has been directing international documentaries and transmedia projects on long - term social change with a special focus on urbanization and technological culture.

especially since a considerable amount of the old rural stations have now been affected by urbanization.

Perhaps a change in instrument during the 1916 - 1984 time - period occurred that would affect this urbanization effect; I can't imagine the same instrument has been operating since 1916 and I would suspect the instruments have been better designed to deal with heating up from solar exposure so they would probably record cooler temperatures than the older instruments.

Since both types include a «cooling bias» adjustment, that means that only 15 % of NASA's adjustments are the expected adjustments to remove urbanization bias.

In this essay, we summarise the main points of our three «Urbanization bias» papers, which we have submitted for peer review at the Open Peer Review Journal.It has been known since at least the 19th century that urban areas are warmer than rural areas.

With 12 thematic sessions, this International Conference presented the advances realized under the Istanbul Water Consensus since its adoption during the 5th World Water Forum in 2009, and allowed participants to exchange on key issues such as water and urbanization, cooperation and solidarity, as well as regional governance.

-- Increased urbanization and land use changes since WWII as a possible partial cause of warming of global surface temperature over land.

Our «Urbanization Bias» papers show that the global temperature estimates used by the IPCC are strongly biased by urbanization, particularly since the mid-20th century (suUrbanization Bias» papers show that the global temperature estimates used by the IPCC are strongly biased by urbanization, particularly since the mid-20th century (suurbanization, particularly since the mid-20th century (summary here).

As an example of how one - sided the chapter authors could be in their reviews, let us consider the discussion of urbanization bias, since this is a topic which we have written a series of three papers on (summary here).

The question seems not to be whether or not urbanization causes warming (pretty obvious, based on all the data out there) but whether or not the UHI distortion has represented a significant part of the recorded land surface warming since the record started in 1850 and whether or not this has significantly distorted the globally averaged trend.

Also, you might not think urbanization bias would be a major problem in the Arctic, since most of the big cities are at lower latitudes.

«Over the next 30 years, the nation will see the most significant changes in the ocean and coastal economies since the arrival of industrialization and urbanization.»

Now, this is suspicious, since Occam's Razor would tell us to assume the most obvious result, that urbanization puts upwards bias on temperature readings, rather than on natural circulation patterns that happen to coincide with urban areas.

Since urbanization has grown dramatically over the past few centuries, it seems reasonable to ask how much of the observed rise in global temperatures is due to urbanization.

A problem that arises in the context of attributing any effect to CO2 is that since the end of the Little Ice Age, a natural warming has possibly increased the temperature monotonically, anthropogenic CO2 has increased monotonically, and deforestation and urbanization have increased monotonically.

Especially since 2002 is the warmest (at least globally with the GHCN - ERSST data) I prefer to look at 1880 -LRB--.2) to 2006 (+.3) off global mean for the period and it's clear to see the trend globally going from -.4 to +.3 The only questions then left are what is the meaning (and / or import) of the sudden changes since 1980, what changing a total of.005 C a year during the period means, what impact does increasing urbanization globally and additional industrialization in places like India and China contribute, why the drop from +.6 to +.3, and why not a constant increase from year to year, given the elevated CO2 levels.

«The accuracy of the data and results was confirmed in a later paper -LSB-...] much of the urbanization trend was likely due to the rapid economic development in China since the 1980s, after the period analysed in the 1990 paper http://www.uea.ac.uk/mac/comm/media/press/CRUstatements/guardianstatement

«For the first time since World War II, the United States is experiencing increased levels of urbanization,» says senior research analyst Eric Bloom.